25/06/2023
Joha rice, a type of aromatic rice cultivated in the Northeastern region of India, particularly in Assam, has been found to have potential nutraceutical properties that could contribute to diabetes management. Scientists at the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), under the Union Ministry of Science and Technology, conducted research to explore the health benefits of Joha rice.
The researchers, Rajlakshmi Devi and Paramita Choudhury, conducted laboratory analysis and discovered two essential unsaturated fatty acids in Joha rice: linoleic acid (omega-6) and linolenic acid (omega-3). These fatty acids, which the human body cannot produce on its own, play a role in maintaining various physiological conditions. Omega-3 fatty acids, in particular, have been associated with preventing metabolic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The researchers also found that Joha rice demonstrated effectiveness in reducing blood glucose levels and preventing the onset of diabetes in diabetic rats.
Furthermore, the study revealed that scented Joha rice has a more balanced ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids compared to the commonly consumed non-scented variety. The ideal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 essential fatty acids for a healthy diet is approximately one. The researchers utilized Joha rice to produce rice bran oil, a patented product claimed to be effective in diabetes management.
In addition to the essential fatty acids, Joha rice is rich in antioxidants, flavonoids, and phenolics. Some of the identified bioactive compounds found in Joha rice include oryzanol, ferulic acid, tocotrienol, caffeic acid, catechuic acid, gallic acid, and tricin. These compounds have been associated with antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and cardio-protective effects.
It is worth noting that while the research conducted by the scientists at IASST provides valuable insights into the nutraceutical properties of Joha rice, further scientific validation and clinical studies would be necessary to establish its efficacy in diabetes management and the prevention of associated diseases.