14/10/2022
How come the very ( known) border line of 1/1/1956, be intentionally made
(unknown)? ....
The many times 1th January 1956 is being made as reference of the borderline between the North-South Sudan.
(1)
The boundaries of 1/1/1956 is very much popular for those who are familiar with the Sudanese politics . It's the status of the internal and international borders of the republic of Sudan when it got independence in 1/1/1956.
In the constitution of the republic of South Sudan 2011 as amended 2021, article( 1) is defining the territory of the republic of South Sudan, which stated clearly that , it's the provincial border of the three provinces of Bahr el Gazal, Equatiria and Upper Nile as they stood in 1/1/1956 and,article 2/b reads as follows:
"The Abyei Area, the territory of the nine Ngok Dinka chiefdoms transferred from Bahar Al Gazal province to Kordofan province in 1905 as defined by the Abyei Arbitration Tribunal Award of July 2009 in the event that the resolution of the final status of the Abyei Area results in becoming part of the republic of South Sudan.
In the principles of Agreement On Abyei , known as ( Abyei Protocol), which was signed in Naivasha, Kenya May 26th ,2004, in article ( 8.3) which came in the context of Abyei referendum,it clearly says" The January 1,1956 line between north and south shall remain inviolate, except as agreed above.
On 2 October 2005 , the government of Southern Sudan wrote a letter to Dr.Duglas Johnson ( The letter will be attached), to help them in:
1- Define and demarcate the North-South borderline as of 1'th January 1956.
2- Define and demarcate the international borderline of Southern Sudan as of the 1'th January 1956.
3- Provide detailed catigraphical and mapping references for southern Sudan borderline as of 1'th January 1956.
On the 2 of march 2022 , after the communal fight had just erupted, the facts finding committee on Aniet incidents met with elders from Bahar Al Gazal and they propose the establishment of of a border demarcation committee to deal with inter- states disputes in the republic of South Sudan based on January the 1,1956.
Recently after the Abyei's Issue came back to light as a result of Ngok community endorsed the proposal for security and stability in Abyei, which demands for self-governance.
that move has awaken many Abyei's Issue- related institutions namely; the government of the republic of South Sudan( the president & South Sudan permanent representative to AU), Abyei's SPLM leaders( File holders) and the government of the republic of Sudan through it's Embassy in Adiss Ababa.
On 26'th September 2022 the embassy of the republic of Sudan in Adiss Ababa has stated the position of it's country on the Abyei Area final status.
Article 10 of Sudan's position says:
the republic of Sudan refuese to operate ( Athony) Airport in the Abyei Area, which poses a clear violation on national sovereignty and demands the cessation of all activities at the airport, including the cessation of unilateral measures taken by the republic of South Sudan to operate Agok Airport....
All the above mentioned indicate that the 1/ January 1956 borderline is being referred to as the border between north-soth and also between Kordofan province and Bahar Al Gazal province.
(2)
Bases of argument:
* According to the letter that the government of Southern Sudan sent to Dr Douglas, it is clearly stated that the borderline of the 1 January 1956 is determental to south sudan referendum for self determination, so if the government does not know that borderline,how did the Sudan's National Commission draw the polling centers?
I was the interpret for the Carter Center's team which was observing the referendum in warrab state and following the postponement related developments in Abyei, there were no any polling centers in the now areas claimed by Twic, the nearest center to Abyei's Area was south to Romkhor.
* The constitution of the republic of South Sudan is talking about the 3 provinces of Bahr el Gazal ,Equatiria and Upper Nile provinces as they stood on 1 January 1956, so If the government dose not know that borderline, why is it mentioned in it's constitution and where exactly does it practice it's territorial sovereignty and integrity?
Same constitution is saying" pending the final status, Abyei ,the area of Ngok nine chiefdoms will be part of the republic of South Sudan, means it is not yet part of south sudan,
where is the borderline south of Abyei located, and if to be the river Kiir as fraudulently and falsely claimed by Twic misleading politicians, why did they located SSPDF's Abyei independent brigade & Mijak Kol where they're and not at Akecnhial bridge?
* If Athony is part of Warrab/Twic Area, how the government of Sudan could veto and refused it's airport not to be operated?
*The government of Southern Sudan went to Hauge for ruling, the PCA has base it's rulling according to 1/ January 1956, doesn't the government know where is the south borderline of Abyei Area and Warrab which is also the borderline between Kordofan province and Bahar Al Gazal province?
* Is there any logic that the 1/ January 1956 is fictious, imaginary and still be indicated as the borderline between the north and south including in the constitution?
*Why did South Sudan remain silent when Sudan claims Sovereignty over Agok?
*If the borderline of 1/ January 1956 does not exist or not known by the government of South Sudan, how come Bahar Al Gazal elders/ politicians recommend a non existing line to be the base of border demarcation between Kordofan and Bahar Al Gazal?
If the government of South Sudan doesn't know the borderline of the 1/ January 1956 , that could amount to a political and constitutional disaster.
Agel R. Machar
Denk Chol
Malek Nyuat
Miyom Ngok
Bagat Makuac Angueik
Chabur Goc
Chaguor Bol
Chol Kat Mayol Kat
Hon .Jok Alor Bulabek.
To be continued.
