09/04/2022
CHIGABAN TARIHIN KASAR NIGER 2
Tarihi
Sunan kasar :Jamhuriyar Nijar
Adadin jama'a: Miliyan 24.9 ( 2021)
Babban Birni: Yamai
Manyan harsuna: Faranshi (na gwamnati), Larabci, Hausa, Songhai
Addinai: Islam, addinan gargajiya
Hasashen tsawon rayuwa: Shekaru 50 (maza), 52 (mata)
Abubuwan da tafi fitarwa: Uranium, kayan noma
Lambar waya ta kasa da kasa: +227
Daular Kanem-Bornu
Kanem–Bornu Empire ta kasance daula ce data taba kasancewa a inda ayau itace kasar Cadi da Nijeriya. Masanan kasashe larabawa suna kiran daular da Kanem Empire daga karni na 9th harzuwa sanda takasance daular musulunci Bornu ( Bornu Empire) a 1900. Kanem Empire CE tun daga shekara ta (c. 700 zuwa 1380) takasance ne kasashen Chad, Nigeria da Libya.[1] A matukar girmar daular ta tattara kasashe ba kawai daukacin kasar Chad ba, takai har zuwa kudancin kasar Libya (Fezzan) da gabashin Nijar, arewa maso gabas din Nigeria da arewacin kamerun. A yayin da Daular Bornu take a shekara ta (1380s zuwa 1893) takasance kasace a inda ake kira ayau arewa maso gabashin Nigeria, wanda tacigaba da girma fiye da daular Kanem, tatattari kasashen da ayau sune ko kuma suke daga cikin kasashe k**ar Chad, Nijar, Sudan, da Cameroon; amsameta daga shekara ta 1380s zuwa 1893. Farkon tarihin daular ansansa ne da jerin masu sarautar ko Girgam matafiyin bincike dan kasar jamus wato Heinrich Barth wanda aka gano a shekarar 1851
Kanem takasance a kudancin dake yankin kasuwanci da ake kira wato trans-Saharan trade dake tsakanin garin Tripoli da kuma yankin tabkin Cadi. Baccin mutanen biranen kasar kawai ta tattari harda wasu kungiyoyin al'ummu makiyaya masu amfani da harsuna k**ar Teda–Daza (Toubou).
Daga wani nazarin daya karbu, ansamu cewar masarautar tafara kafuwa ne a shekara ta 700 AD a karkashin makiyayan masu amfani da harshen Tebu-Kanembu. Ance mutanen Kanembu an tursasa sune s**abar yankunansu har zuwa kasar noma dake yankin kudu maso yammacin tabkin Chadi daga matsin siyasa da desiccation a tsohuwar mazauninsu, yankin nada yancin kanta tun asali, walled city-states belonging to the Sao culture. A karkashin mulkin Duguwa dynasty, Kanembu sun mamaye Sao, bawai bayan sun dauki aladun matanen ba.[4] ancigaba da gwabza yaki tsakanin su har zuwa karshen karni na goma sha shida (16th).
Samuwar Agisymba
Wani nazarin ya nuna cewar batacciyar kasar Agisymba wanda (Ptolemy ya ambata tun a tsakiyar karni na biyu (2nd) AD) itama mafiriyar daular Kanem din ce
Shugaba Hamani Diori ɗan siyasan Nijar ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1916 a Soudouré, Yammacin Afirkan Faransa; ya mutu a shekara ta 1989 a Rabat, Maroko. Hamani Diori shugaban kasar Nijar ne daga Nuwamba 1960 zuwa Afrilu 1974 (bayan Charles de Gaulle, shugaban Faransa - kafin Seyni Kountché).
🐪Hausa a Niger
Hausawa al'umma ce dake zaune a arewa maso yammacin tarayyar Nijeriya da kudu maso yammacin jamhuriyyar Nijar. Al'umma ce mai dimbin yawa, sun bazu a cikin kasashen Afirka da kasashen Larabawa kuma a al'adance masu matukar hazaka, akalla akwai sama da mutane miliyan hamsin wadanda harshen Hausa shi ne asalin yarensu. A tarihi kabilar Hausawa na tattare a salasalar birane. Hausawa dai sun sami kafa daularsu ne tun daga shekarun 1300's, sa'adda s**a sami nasarori da dauloli k**ar su daular Mali, Songhai, Borno da kuma Fulani, a karni na 19 Hausawa suna amfani da Doki ne domin yin sifiri da balaguro. Mutane kimanin sama da miliyan 50 ne ke magana da yaren hausa a Najeriya, Nijar, Arewacin Gana da kuma wasu al’uma daga yankin Kaolack a senigal har zuwa khartum dake ƙasar sudan, Asalin inda zuciyar hausawa take shine garin Kano, Katsina da Sokoto.]
Asalin hausawa maguzawa ne, a ƙarƙashin mulkin sarakunan Haɓe, wanda suke yin bori da tsbbace-tsubbace, zuwan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodio ne yasa ya jadddada addinin ƙasar hausa, ta hanyar yaƙar maguzawa da sarakuannasu na haɓe a Gobir, Zazzau da wasu yankunan ƙasar hausa. Wanda wannan jihadin ne yasa Usman Ɗan Fodio ya kafa Daular Khalifanci na Hausa Fulani a ƙasar hausa, kuma da yawan hausawa s**a karba musulunci a ƙasar hausa. Hakan yasa masarautun ƙasar hausa sun kasance a ƙungiyar Tuta ɗaya na Usman Ɗan Fodio. Hausawa suna kiran al’adansu da al’adan gargajiya, wacce sukeyi duk shekara, ko a talabijin ko Bidiyo, ko kuma aikace cikin al’amuran yau da kullum. Na daga cikin rubutun hausawa, suna yin rubutu ne asali da Ajami, rubutu ne da haruffan larabci amman a luggar hausa, kuma suna rubutawa ne a fallen takarda.
A farko-farkon karni na 1900, a sa'adda kabilar Hausa ke yunkurin kawar da mulkin Aringizo na Fulani, sai Turawan Mulkin Mallaka na Birtaniya s**a mamaye arewancin Nijeriya, da kuma kafa manufofin mulkin bayan gida, a bisa karkashen mulkin Birtaniya,'yan mulkin mallaka sai s**a marawa Fulani baya na cigaba da manufofin Aringizon siyasarsu, har yanzu dai mulkin gamin gambiza tsakanin Hausawa da Fulani shi ne yayi kane-kane a arewacin Nijeriya. Kodayake, Hausawa na farko-farko maharba ne, amma da zuwan Addinin Musulunci da kuma karbarsa da hannu bibbiyu ya sanya labari ya sha bambam. Daura Kasace wacce a kasani mai dadewa da tarihi a kasar Hausawa.A ƙabilun Fulani majiɓinta hausawa akwai Sulluɓawa, Mallawa Yolawa, Danejawa, Dambazawa da Modibawa. bahaushe yakan ce “ Bahaushe mai ban haushi. Kaso mutum ka rasa abinda zaka bashi”.[6] Miles a cikin littafin shi ya kawo ma'aunan da Hausawa suke la'akari da shi a hankalce wajen gane cikakken bahaushe, suna duba wadannan abubuwan k**ar haka
Addini
Garin Haihuwa
Ancestral
Jama’a
Ƙasa
Ƙabila
Birni Ko Gari
Launin Fata
🐪Bayajidda: Sunanshi Abu Yazidu. ya auri sarauniyar Daurama na wannan lokacin, sun haifi yara biyu. yaronsu mai suna Bawo ya Haifa Bakwai na Halas, sune Daurawa, Kanawa, Gobirawa, Ranawa, Zazzagawa, Katsinawa da kuma Birmawa, sannan kuma ya haifa yaran Banza guda Bakwai sune.
Hausa sun cakuɗe da wasu yare, ta yanda suke da ƙabilu k**ar su:
Hausa Fulani
Hausa Kanuri,
Hausa Buzu
Hausa Beri-Beri
Hausa: musulunci yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ds tasiri a wajen Hausa, ta yanda hakan Hausawa suke kallon duk wanda bahaushe ne amma ba musulmi ba k**ar ba bahaushe bane
🐪Fatauci, Ci rani da almajiranci
Hausawa sun shahara a fannin kasuwanci da safarar haaja zuwa wurare masu nisa. Kuma sunyi shahara ne wajen kutsa kai zuwa wasu ƙasashe, domin yaɗa addini ko neman aiki. Kusan ma ace afirka tsawonta da faɗinta babu inda basu buga ba. Tun ƙarni na goma sha ɗaya (11) hausawa ke hulɗa da ƙasashen larabawa. Suna ƙetara hamadar rairayi ta sahara, suna zuwa Maghrib (watau maroko da Aljeriya da Tunis) da lubayya ko Turabulus (watau Libiya). Kuma suna ƙetara chadi zuwa Sudan da Masar da Ƙasar Makka (Saudi Arabiya). Suna kai musu fatu, da ƙiraga da bayi, su kuma suna sayo tufafi da mak**ai. Wajen kudu da yamma kuwa, hausawa suna kutsa kai cikin ƙasar yarbawa, da Gwanja, da Dogomba, da AShanti a Ghana, a nan babban abin safarar su shine Goro da Gishiri. Su kuma s**an kai musu kanwa.
Bauta da Baranci a wurin bahaushe ba munanan abubuwa bane, musamman abinda ya shafi koyan sana’a, bawa yana fansar kansa ne ta hanyar sana’a kuma mai koyan sana’a yana yin barance ne a gidan mai koya masa ne. Irin wannan almajirancin ana kiransa bauta. Duk mai wata sana’a. Ko dan kasuwa, ko malami, yana alfaharin ace ga wasu sun koya a wurinsa har su n ƙasaita, kuma sun fishi.
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