30/09/2021
"Peaches had effectively become, in the language of modern ecologists, a non-native invasive species. And like many subsequent invasive species (kudzu, multiflora rose, etc.) it was its usefulness to people that contributed to its spread. Every Native American village and garden was a dispersal vector for peaches in a new area - another place from which they could spread into the landscape. The razorback hogs descended from the pigs released by de Soto undoubtedly cherished this fruit as much as domesticated pigs, and were likely another dispersal agent for further spreading the seed in wild areas.
The peach orchards of the Cherokee, Lenape, Iroquois, and others did not resemble the orchards we are familiar with. Today, all commercial peach orchards are grown with grafted trees: two trees are spliced together, the bottom one with good roots, and the top with good fruits. In this way, a single peach variety can be grafted onto rootstock anywhere in the world. A seedling tree that isn’t grafted, however, will have traits from both of its parents, and will produce a completely different fruit from either. Planting an orchard of seedling trees today would create a population of unique trees with variable quality and disease resistance - something modern agriculture cannot economically cope with. Indigenous peoples throughout eastern North America, however, did plant orchards by the thousands with seedling trees. Even if some of these trees produced inferior fruit, some would also produce peaches of exceptional quality (remember the accounts of peaches with a girth of 13 inches?). In essence, growing peaches from seed didn’t just produce fruit, it could produce superior genetics that would be passed on and planted in new orchards and villages. The East Coast was a massive peach breeding project enacted over centuries by indigenous farmers, and the peaches we have today are often the descendants of these seedlings."
Nothing announces summer quite like a perfectly ripe, juicy peach. The bright yellows and reds, the intoxicating aroma, the “shlurp” of the first delicious bite - peaches symbolize and epitomize a time of abundance and warmth. They are such a fixture of our culture that we often don’t even thi...