02/12/2025
You’re probably already familiar with Cupid, a cherub God of love and attraction. The ancient Greek version is Eros. Cupid has been adorning cartoons and greeting cards for decades, and Cupid’s heart-tipped arrow has become a symbol of Valentine’s day. Though an armed, flying, baby in a diaper seems like a weird icon for love, folks have assigned meaning to all of his qualities. For example, it’s said that he carries an arrow and torch because of the often harmful and inflammatory side effects of love and passion. His wings represent the fickleness of lovers. Cupid’s arrows have two types of powers. His golden-tipped arrows can inject and instigate love, while his dull lead arrows can cause a lover to retreat. But, because it’s so interesting, let’s talk more about the history of Cupid. Why is the symbol of romance and love a baby in a diaper?
For more, listen to episode 152 of the Lunatics Radio Hour podcast.
Cupid started out as the Greek God Eros, and was later reskinned by the Romans into Cupid.
Eros is the Greek word for desire. Eros’s parents were Aphrodite and Ares. Or, on the Roman side Venus and Mars. Either way, his parents are the gods of love and war. Blending into a fiery passionate son.
Many scholars interrupt Cupid as coming with a bit of a sinister sentiment to those who believed in him. But around the 4th century BCE, there was a shift in popular perception of Eros. Before this point in history he was described as incredibly powerful. A being to fear, despite his association with love.
And while perhaps his reputation can be traced back to the power of his father, it’s actually the power of his mother that softens his image. It came to be a common belief that Eros answered to his mother, The Goddess of Love. And if that was true, then there was nothing to fear. This shift in perception softened Eros’s image quite significantly. Another way to limit his power and strength, is of course, to depict him as a child.
By the time he made it to Roman belief, he was already seen as a cherub. Cupid’s popularity surged again with renaissance painters, who seemed to be particularly taken with him, painting him as a child.