American Journal of Science

American Journal of Science Founded in 1818 by Benjamin Silliman. The Journal is devoted to geology and related sciences. www.ajsonline.org
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https://ajs.manuscriptmanager.net/ The American Journal of Science (AJS), founded in 1818 by Benjamin Silliman, is the oldest scientific journal in the United States that has been published continuously. The Journal is devoted to geology and related sciences and publishes articles from around the world presenting results of major research from all earth sciences. Readers are primarily earth scient

ists in academia and government institutions. The American Journal of Science considers contributions from any field within the Earth Sciences, however the papers are expected to be of interest to a broad cross section of the scientific community. Consequently, manuscripts more appropriate for regional or specialty journals are often returned to authors without external review. AJS would like to increase its visibility in the broad field of Earth System History that would address the following three broad areas:
1. The coupling of the solid earth, ocean and atmospheric systems through time
2. The relationships and feedbacks between tectonics and climate
3. Deep time coupling of biology to the chemical evolution of Earth
AJS strives to publish papers with maximum impact in their fields. There are no limits on the minimum or maximum sizes of submitted manuscripts.

New Paper: Rare Earth Element-Mineralized Carbonatite in the Bear Lodge Alkaline Complex, USA—Ore Genesis Implications F...
10/17/2025

New Paper: Rare Earth Element-Mineralized Carbonatite in the Bear Lodge Alkaline Complex, USA—Ore Genesis Implications From Fluid Inclusion Characterization by Allen K. Andersen, Danielle A. Olinger, Mitchell M. Bennett
Am J Sci 2025; 325:13 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.143992
"Study of fluid inclusions in carbonatite of the Bear Lodge Alkaline Complex, Wyoming shows that alkali bicarbonate-sulfate brines were integral to early, light rare earth element mineralization within carbonatite intrusions."

New Paper: Balancing Redox Budgets: Mechanisms for Prolonging Anoxia During Major Carbon Burial Events by Sean M. Newby,...
09/11/2025

New Paper: Balancing Redox Budgets: Mechanisms for Prolonging Anoxia During Major Carbon Burial Events by Sean M. Newby, Seth A. Young, Theodore R. Them II, Benjamin C. Gill, Jeremy D. Owens

Am J Sci 2025; 325:12 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.143665

"Oceanic Anoxic Events likely produced excess oxygen from burial of reduced carbon and sulfur, but Large Igneous Province reductants and oxidative weathering may balance this to maintain marine anoxia."

New Paper: A Micromechanical Model for Mineral Replacement Reactions and Associated Deformation: From Pore Clogging to S...
07/29/2025

New Paper: A Micromechanical Model for Mineral Replacement Reactions and Associated Deformation: From Pore Clogging to Solid Volume Increase by Viktoriya M. Yarushina, Yury Y. Podladchikov, Anatoly V. Vershinin

Am J Sci 2025; 325:11 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.140951

"A new model shows how reactions underground can clog or crack rocks, reshaping them and controlling how fluids move—key to earthquakes, CO₂ storage, and Earth's evolution."

New Paper: Silicate Weathering and Diagenetic Reaction Balances in Deltaic Muds by Gerrit Trapp-Müller, Robert C. Aller,...
05/20/2025

New Paper: Silicate Weathering and Diagenetic Reaction Balances in Deltaic Muds by Gerrit Trapp-Müller, Robert C. Aller, Appy Sluijs, Jack J. Middelburg
Am J Sci 2025; 325:10 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.134118
"Using a diagenetic model, we explore how sediment sources and depositional environments govern silicate weathering rates and balances, mineral authigenesis, and alkalinity cycling in marine surface sediments, particularly deltaic muds."

New Paper: Plio-Pleistocene Western Retroarc Magmatic Evolution and Its Relation With Variable Subduction Settings in th...
04/11/2025

New Paper: Plio-Pleistocene Western Retroarc Magmatic Evolution and Its Relation With Variable Subduction Settings in the Southern Central Andes (34-38 °S) by Sofía B. Iannelli, Vanesa D. Litvak, Nicolás Medina Gallo, Marie Traun, Nina Søager, Friedrich Lucassen, Simone Kasemann, Andrés Folguera
Am J Sci 2025; 325:9 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.130876
“During the steepening of the Nazca plate, the Plio-Pleistocene Varvarco Volcanic Field was emplaced in the western retroarc of the Southern Central Andes, characterized by arc-like intermediate lavas that progressively showed primitive signatures.”

New Paper: Partial Molar Volumes in Highly Siliceous Melts and the Relationship to Liquid Immiscibility by H. Wayne Nesb...
04/07/2025

New Paper: Partial Molar Volumes in Highly Siliceous Melts and the Relationship to Liquid Immiscibility by H. Wayne Nesbitt, Pascal Richet, Grant S. Henderson
Am J Sci 2025; 325:8 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.129897
“Illustrates the change in volume associated with non-ideal mixing in the five binary melt: Li₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-SiO₂, K₂O-SiO₂ and BaO-SiO₂. The non-ideal mixing constant Vₓ increases with the degree of non-ideal mixing.”

New Paper: A Physical Model for Accurate Paleotemperature Reconstruction From Fluid Inclusions in Halite by Emmanuel Gui...
03/31/2025

New Paper: A Physical Model for Accurate Paleotemperature Reconstruction From Fluid Inclusions in Halite by Emmanuel Guillerm, Tim K. Lowenstein, Véronique Gardien, Achim Brauer, Yves Krüger, William D. Arnuk, Frédéric Caupin
Am J Sci 2025; 325:7 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.130836
"We develop an open-access model for paleothermometry on fluid inclusions in halite that allows to process raw homogenization temperature/Brillouin temperature data to produce accurate water paleotemperature reconstructions."

New Paper: EPR Dating of Clay Minerals Formation Through Geological Times: Benchmarking From the Quaternary to the Neopr...
03/26/2025

New Paper: EPR Dating of Clay Minerals Formation Through Geological Times: Benchmarking From the Quaternary to the Neoproterozoic Era by Thierry Allard, Maximilien Mathian, Öykü Ataytür, Etienne Balan, Quentin Bollaert, Ibtissem Boukais, Elora Bourbon, Mathieu Chassé, Benoit Dubacq, Christophe Falguères, Cécile Gautheron, Frederico Antonio Genezini, Beatrix Heller, Pierre Le Pape, Ramon Messias, Patrick Monié, Thomas Riegler, Madeleine Selo, Andrea Somogyi, Jan Środoń, and Daniel Beaufort
Am J Sci 2025; 325:6 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.130891
https://ajsonline.org/article/130891
“Large range trend between the EPR ages and independently determined ages of the studied clay minerals, reported with discussed uncertainties.”

New Paper: Geometry and Kinematics of Bump-Type Fault-Bend Folding by Jiajun Chen, Dengfa He, John Suppe, and Fanglei Ti...
03/24/2025

New Paper: Geometry and Kinematics of Bump-Type Fault-Bend Folding by Jiajun Chen, Dengfa He, John Suppe, and Fanglei Tian
Am J Sci 2025; 325:5 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.129946
https://ajsonline.org/article/129946
“A quantitative kinematic model of bump-type fault-bend folding offers a robust framework for dating the folding of detachment layers, as well as reconstructing the slips and orientations of thrust sheets”

New Paper: Serpentinites of the Guatemala Suture Zone: Varieties, Origin, and Compositional Modification by George E. Ha...
03/24/2025

New Paper: Serpentinites of the Guatemala Suture Zone: Varieties, Origin, and Compositional Modification by George E. Harlow, Kennet E. Flores, Céline Martin, Virginia B. Sisson, and Sorena S. Sorensen

Am J Sci 2025; 325:4 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.129404

https://ajsonline.org/article/129404

“This manuscript focuses on serpentinites from the Guatemala Suture Zone most formed in mantle mélange (antigorite-dominant) and some ophiolitic fragments (lizardite-dominant) with inferences about fluid interactions and tectonic emplacement.”

New Paper: Cambrian Foreland Phosphogenesis in the Khuvsgul Basin of Mongolia by Eliel S. C. Anttila, Francis A. Macdona...
03/18/2025

New Paper: Cambrian Foreland Phosphogenesis in the Khuvsgul Basin of Mongolia by Eliel S. C. Anttila, Francis A. Macdonald, Blair Schoene, and Sean P. Gaynor
Am J Sci 2025; 325:3 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.125832
https://ajsonline.org/article/125832
“A new tectonostratigraphic model for the Khuvsgul Group of northern Mongolia demonstrates the diachroneity of Ediacaran-Cambrian phosphogenesis and constrains the age of one of the youngest-known Doushantuo-Pertatataka-Type microfossil assemblages.”

New Paper: Timescales of Drainage Network Evolution Revealed: Spatiotemporal Variability in Drainage Density in the Post...
03/04/2025

New Paper: Timescales of Drainage Network Evolution Revealed: Spatiotemporal Variability in Drainage Density in the Post-Glacial Central Lowlands, USA by Nooreen A. Meghani and Alison M. Anders
Am J Sci 2025; 325:2 https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.129219
https://ajsonline.org/article/129219
“A regional drainage density analysis of the Central Lowlands, USA, suggests that glaciated landscapes recover fluvial connectivity within an interglacial period, despite low regional slopes, likely by incorporating closed depressions.”

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