09/10/2024
What do Carleton Watkins and Ansel Adams have in common?
They are both well-known Yosemite photographers, and each photographed Merced at least once.
While Adams’ portrait of a drifter in front of the Palace Rooms on 16th Street provides a glimpse of optimism amid the Great Depression, Watkins’ image of El Capitan Hotel and Passenger Depot by the Central Pacific Railroad offers a look at an up-and-coming new town.
As we know, most of Adams’ work has been preserved, but much of Watkins’ was destroyed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire. Just as tragic as his work, Watkins was largely forgotten for most of the 20th century following his death at Napa State Hospital in 1916. To learn more about Watkins, we are going to explore his Yosemite photos and his legacy in creating the National Park.
Carleton Watkins was born in New York in 1829 but came to California at the tail end of the initial Gold Rush in 1851 to make his fortune in gold with his childhood friend, Collis Huntington. Like many gold miners, they got out of the business fast. Huntington would later become a Central Pacific Railroad magnate as one of the “Big Four” who built the first Transcontinental Railroad.
Meanwhile, Watkins found his passion in photography, and in 1858, he began working as a photographer for Hutchings’ Illustrated California Magazine. Watkins made a life-changing decision in the summer of 1861 when he traveled to Yosemite for the first time with his mammoth-plate camera, which captured more detail in the 18×22-inch glass plates. For the depth of the subject, Watkins used his stereoscopic camera to create stereograph cards.
These published photographs, the first to be seen of Yosemite in the East, won the hearts and minds in Washington, D.C. which led to State and Federal protection of the land, including the Yosemite Grant signed by President Lincoln in 1864. Later, Mount Watkins was named in his honor to recognize Watkins’ contribution in preserving Yosemite Valley
You can read the full story on our website.
Story ✍🏼: Sarah Lim, Director of the Merced County Courthouse Museum