09/02/2024
Labor Day's Hidden Bloody History
Labor Day, like any of the tokenizing holidays given to people that get the short end of the stick in America, is a cynical exercise of performative justice.
The same month, June of 1894, in which President Grover Cleveland signed into law the legislation creating Labor Day as a national holiday, he sent thousands of US soldiers to put down the widening Pullman Sympathy Railroad Strike and Boycott.
Some 250,000 railroad workers around the country took part in the sympathy strike. Violent clashes with US troops, marshals and local authorities would see around 70 strikers killed around the nation. 30 in one confrontation in Chicago. The strike would draw the whole community of Grand Junction into the fray:
"The condition of affairs at Grand Junction were extraordinary, my deputies were met not only by strikers at that point, but by the citizens who met in a public hall prior to their arrival and had resolved not only to resist the entry of the deputies to the town, but also to give no quarters or sell them anything to eat!" said Joseph A. Small US Marshal in a letter to the Attorney General of the United States.
While relatively peaceful here in Grand Junction, US military in addition to the US Marshalls occupied Grand Junction, to break the strike. 9 local strike organizers were arrested and taken to Denver for trial.
In Trinidad, strikers and their supporters disarmed the US marshals upon their arrival. In Glenwood Springs 100 yard of train tracks were dynamited. In New Castle, which was already in the middle of its own protracted coal miners' strike, multiple acts of sabotage occurred on the rail-lines--Dynamiting switches and burning down bridges.
Local poet, Jacob Huff, published a poem "Stand Up Americans!" on July 7th in the Grand Valley Star-Times.
"This is no time for prejudice, no time to fight
Over politics or public men;
Stand shoulder to shoulder, each man for the right,
and shout this o'er valley and glen;
'Tis the land which our fathers have died to make free
From the grasp of old England's crown;
If we stand up like men for our own liberty,
They dare not shoot the lab'ring man down!!"
Of course, organized Labor already had an annual holiday: May Day. The creation of Labor Day as a national holiday, especially by a bloody strike breaker like Cleveland, was an act of cooption, and attempt at defanging organized labor.
But even then, Labor Day was a very different holiday at the turn of the 20th century, than it is today.
In 1902, Colorado Governor, James B. Orman, issued a proclamation in which he suggested “the entire cessation from labor on that day throughout the state.” He added “Let us then in recognition of the dignity of labor set aside Monday, September 1, 1902, as a day of absolute rest, observing the day by such forms of recreation as are suited to the conditions of our progressive and prosperous people.”
GJ mayor J.W. Sampliner echoed the Governor and declared that "all merchants to close their respective places of business between the hours of 9:30 and 5 p.m.”
Nowadays most workers, we have a service economy, so yes, most workers, have to work on Labor Day. Someone has to staff the sales and wait the tables.
So, despite the memes, Labor Day was not brought to you by unions or organized labor, it was created by a bloody strikebreaking president dedicated to serving only the industrialist and monopolist. It was an effort to tokenize an exploited workforce, and to sap energy away from the radical potentiality of the real labor holiday, May Day.