the underview.

the underview. an exploration of the shaping of our place.

The Great River: The Making and Unmaking of the Mississippi by  A sweeping history of the Mississippi River—and the cent...
02/28/2025

The Great River: The Making and Unmaking of the Mississippi by

A sweeping history of the Mississippi River—and the centuries of human meddling that have transformed both it and America.

Over thousands of years, the Mississippi watershed was home to millions of Indigenous people who regarded “the great river” with awe and respect, adorning its banks with astonishing spiritual earthworks. But European settlers and American pioneers had a different vision: the river was a foe to conquer. In this landmark work of natural history,

Boyce Upholt tells the epic story of human attempts to own and contain the Mississippi River, from Thomas Jefferson’s expansionist land hunger through today’s era of environmental concern. He reveals how an ambitious and sometimes contentious program of engineering—government-built levees, jetties, dikes, and dams—has not only damaged once-vibrant ecosystems, but may not work much longer, and explores how scientists are scrambling to restore what’s been lost.

Rich and powerful, The Great River delivers a startling account of what happens when we try to fight against nature instead of acknowledging and embracing its power.

Last Oct had a chance to see the   in a way we never experienced before.  On our second   with , 10 of us rode the entir...
02/26/2025

Last Oct had a chance to see the in a way we never experienced before.

On our second with , 10 of us rode the entire Eastern border of along the River even spending a 1/2 day and night on a sandbar.

To connect to this river is connect to this state. A must do experience for everyone.

Thank you to & for making it possible. Fun to spend some time with on the river who mentions in our episode this week.

Happy to take another group back anytime. Plus, we heard a rumor that has Film ready for screening 🔥

The Mississippi River watershed spans 1.2 million square miles, covering 31 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces—makin...
02/26/2025

The Mississippi River watershed spans 1.2 million square miles, covering 31 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces—making it the fourth-largest watershed in the world.

It drains 41% of the continental United States, funneling water from the Rocky Mountains, the Great Plains, and the Appalachian Mountains into the Gulf of Mexico. This vast network of tributaries, including the Missouri and Ohio Rivers, has shaped ecosystems, economies, and cultures for thousands of years.

From sustaining Indigenous nations to fueling westward expansion and industrial development, the Mississippi watershed has been—and remains—one of the most defining forces in the shaping of North America.

02/25/2025

To understand the story of Northwest Arkansas, we must first understand the forces that shaped the state, the South, and the continent.

In our conversation with Boyce Upholt, we explore how the Mississippi River is more than just a boundary or passageway—it is woven into the very mythology of a nation, driving expansion, shaping identities, and leaving an enduring mark on the land and its people.

Listen: https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-the-great-river-boyce-upholt-mississippi

The Quapaw Nation flag was created as part of a larger effort to ensure each tribe had a visual representation of their ...
02/21/2025

The Quapaw Nation flag was created as part of a larger effort to ensure each tribe had a visual representation of their identity.

The Quapaw had no official flag or seal at the time, so Barbara Kyser-Collier, Lloyd Buffalo, and Walter King Jr. designed it together. With little funding available, Barbara initially sketched the flag on the back of a calendar pad to present the concept.

The flag’s design reflects key aspects of Quapaw history and culture.

The base colors—red and blue—were chosen because they were common in trade goods like broadcloth, which had a significant role in sustaining the Quapaw people.

The buffalo at the center of the flag symbolizes survival and sustenance, as every part of the animal was used for food, clothing, and tools.

The shield represents both protection and the Quapaw’s history as a largely peaceful people, only engaging in conflict when necessary.

The surrounding elements—grass, the sky, and the four eagle feathers—honor Mother Earth and the Quapaw’s deep spiritual connection to nature, while the four cardinal directions hold particular cultural significance.

Originally, the flag bore the name “Ogahpah,” the Quapaw’s autonym.

Later, after Barbara successfully campaigned to change the tribe’s official name from “Quapaw Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma” to “Quapaw Nation,” the flag was updated to reflect this recognition of their sovereignty​

02/18/2025

the downstream people, the elders with Barbara Kyser-Collier.

https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-downstream-people-elders-barbara-kyser-collier-quapaw

In this episode of the underview, Barbara Kyser-Collier, a leader and elder of the Quapaw Nation, shares her people's history, resilience, and cultural restoration. From the impact of federal policies that led to the loss of full-blood Quapaw to the ongoing fight for sovereignty and identity, Barbara’s story sheds light on the enduring strength of Indigenous communities. This episode explores the creation of the Quapaw Nation’s flag, the significance of cultural preservation, and what it means to reclaim a future rooted in history. Tune in for a powerful conversation on Indigenous resilience, tribal governance, and the legacy of the Quapaw people.

Slide 1: The   Nation originally inhabited a vast territory estimated at approximately 32 million acres, encompassing mu...
02/15/2025

Slide 1: The Nation originally inhabited a vast territory estimated at approximately 32 million acres, encompassing much of present-day Arkansas and parts of surrounding states.

Slide 2: In the Treaty of 1818, they ceded nearly 31 million acres to the United States, retaining a reservation of about 1 million acres between the Arkansas and Ouachita Rivers.

Slide 3: Further cessions followed, and today, the Quapaw Nation’s jurisdictional area in northeastern Oklahoma encompasses approximately 13,000 acres.

Betty Gaedtke, our guest for this week’s episode, was kind enough to extend an invitation to attend the   Nation   last ...
02/12/2025

Betty Gaedtke, our guest for this week’s episode, was kind enough to extend an invitation to attend the Nation last year.

It is hard to even begin to explain how profound of an experience it was to be there, to observe, and to just be able to honor their story.

Thank you for incredible work & sharing these images with us.

02/11/2025

the downstream people, the elders with Betty Gaedtke.

https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-downstream-people-quapaw-betty-gaedtke

In this episode, we sit down with Betty Gaedtke, an elder of the Quapaw Nation - OGahPah and the only known Quapaw potter actively reviving the traditional art of her ancestors. Through her work, Betty is not only shaping clay but reclaiming history, restoring cultural identity, and ensuring that Quapaw traditions endure for future generations. She shares the deep connection between Quapaw pottery and the land, the stories embedded in each vessel, and the resilience of a people who refuse to be forgotten.

Image 1:  Do you know the Native tribes & Treaties where you live?Go to https://native-land.ca to learn moreArkansas is ...
02/08/2025

Image 1: Do you know the Native tribes & Treaties where you live?

Go to https://native-land.ca to learn more

Arkansas is home to the histories of three primary Native American tribes: the Quapaw, Osage, and Caddo—each with deep ancestral ties to the land before forced removal through U.S. treaties.

Image 2: Quapaw Nation

The Quapaw, also known as the “Downstream People,” lived along the Mississippi and Arkansas Rivers, with their villages concentrated in eastern Arkansas. They were skilled farmers and traders, building extensive mound communities.

Treaty of 1818: Forced the Quapaw to cede most of their lands in Arkansas, confining them to a small area along the Arkansas River.

Treaty of 1824: Further displaced the Quapaw, pushing them out of Arkansas and into Louisiana before their eventual relocation to present-day Oklahoma.

Image 3: Osage Nation

The Osage controlled vast hunting grounds in northwest Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, and Oklahoma. They were known for their strong warrior society and extensive trade networks.

Treaty of Fort Clark (1808): Ceded large Osage lands in Missouri, reducing their control over Arkansas.

Osage Treaty of 1825: Officially forced the Osage to relinquish all remaining lands in Arkansas and Missouri, clearing the way for white settlement. They were relocated to Kansas and later Oklahoma.

Image 4: Caddo Nation

The Caddo were mound builders & agriculturalists who lived in southwest Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma. Their society was organized into complex chiefdoms with extensive trade networks.

Treaty of 1835: The U.S. government forced the Caddo to sell their lands in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, leading to their displacement.

By the 1840s, most Caddo people were relocated to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), where they remain today.

These treaties, like many others across the country, were part of a broader strategy of settler colonial expansion, displacing Indigenous peoples and erasing their deep-rooted connections to the land.

Today, the Quapaw, Osage, and Caddo Nations continue to preserve their cultural heritage, advocate for sovereignty, & educate others about their enduring presence.

“To really understand some of the foundational basis of settler colonialism, it comes down to fundamentally differing un...
02/05/2025

“To really understand some of the foundational basis of settler colonialism, it comes down to fundamentally differing understandings of relationships.

That means I’m in relationship with all those things in the past, as well as in the present and the future.

These deep and wide systems of relationality are at the center of Indigenous existence and are often at the heart of Indigenous understandings of how to live in connected, curious, caring, and ultimately livable ways that can sustain not only ourselves but also all of the ecologies we are a part of.”

- Melissa Horner

02/04/2025

the doctrine’s impact with Melissa Horner, parts 2 & 3.

In parts two and three of the underview with Melissa Horner, we explore the ongoing impacts of settler colonialism on both Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities.

Melissa contrasts Indigenous relationality, rooted in reciprocity and responsibility, with Western systems of ownership and control.

She discusses intergenerational trauma, systemic challenges, and the resilience of Indigenous nations, emphasizing the importance of reframing deficit-based narratives to celebrate cultural beauty and agency.

The conversations address contemporary actions, including the Vatican’s repudiation of the Doctrine of Discovery and President Biden’s apology for the Indian boarding school era, while underscoring the urgent need for meaningful actions to repair harm and foster equity.

Melissa invites listeners to reflect on their roles in dismantling colonial systems and envisioning relational, anti-colonial futures.

the underview. Michael Rusch Métis National Council Manitoba Métis Federation Quapaw Nation - OGahPah Osage Nation Caddo Nation of Oklahoma National Park Service The Library of Congress NDNCollective Joe Biden Deb Haaland President Joe Biden Archived President Donald J. Trump

As we begin Black History Month, we recognize the importance of honoring the survival, resistance, and resilience of Bla...
02/01/2025

As we begin Black History Month, we recognize the importance of honoring the survival, resistance, and resilience of Black communities in the face of colonialism, enslavement, and systemic erasure.

Yet even today, Black history is being challenged, restricted, and erased. Across the country, efforts to remove African American Studies from classrooms, ongoing systemic health care inequities, and deep disparities in the criminal justice system threaten to undo hard-fought progress. Understanding history is not just about remembrance—it’s about reckoning.

In our current episode, the underview is exploring how settler colonialism shaped not just the land but also the policies, institutions, and narratives that continue to impact Black and Indigenous communities. Their histories are deeply interconnected—stories of forced displacement, violence, and survival under systems designed to erase and control.

One way to take action this month is by supporting NWA Black Heritage in their efforts to create a historic district in Fayetteville.

By preserving Black history locally, we ensure these stories are not erased but honored, protected, and amplified for future generations.

A major part of our conversation this week has been the impact of Settler Colonialism through US Federal Indian Policy. ...
02/01/2025

A major part of our conversation this week has been the impact of Settler Colonialism through US Federal Indian Policy.

Listen: https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-doctrine-discovery-settler-colonialism-melissa-horner-part-1

To help provide some additional context from our episode with ...

1. The painting "American Progress" (1872) by John Gast is an allegorical representation of Manifest Destiny & Westward Expansion.

2. 1830. American Indian Removal Act.

3. 1851. Indian Appropriations Act (Creation of Reservations).

4. 1883. Religious Crimes Code that outlawed the religious and cultural ceremonies of Native American tribes.

5. 1887. Dawe's Act (General Allotment Act).

6. 1880 & 1960. Indian Boarding School era.

7. 1924. Indigenous people were granted citizenship in the US.

8. 1952 to 1972. Urban Indian Voluntary Relocation Program.

9. Example of media depiction of Native American people.

10. US Counties where the Native American population is 10% or higher.

, , , , , ,

You can also follow on Instagram to see more.
02/01/2025

You can also follow on Instagram to see more.

Map of US Westward Expansion.“Westward Expansion makes it seem like there’s just this inevitable push toward the West Co...
01/31/2025

Map of US Westward Expansion.

“Westward Expansion makes it seem like there’s just this inevitable push toward the West Coast of North America. And the way that it’s often described as if, it’s described as if it’s this passive expanding, it was just naturally creeping along with no agentive actors that benefited from it. No one being specifically targeted and no laws and policies that made it happen.

And all of that is not true. We know that particular people and institutions benefited from Westward Expansion. We know that specific people were targeted. And we know that a lot of laws and policies created the circumstances for this expansion to happen.”

-

01/28/2025

the doctrine with Melissa Horner, part 1.

https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-doctrine-discovery-settler-colonialism-melissa-horner-part-1

In this episode of the underview, Melissa Horner introduces listeners to the foundational principles of settler colonialism and its enduring impact on U.S. society. Beginning with her personal story, Melissa shares how her identity as a Métis citizen and descendant of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa informs her work and perspective. She frames settler colonialism not as a historical event but as an ongoing framework that influences every aspect of American life, from land ownership to cultural norms. Melissa also explores the Doctrine of Discovery and its role in legitimizing colonization, alongside concepts like terra nullius, manifest destiny, and westward expansion, which reinforced settler claims and erased Indigenous sovereignty.

Throughout the conversation, Melissa details the systemic policies—such as the Indian Removal Act, the creation of reservations, and the Indian boarding school era—that systematically dispossessed Native peoples of land, culture, and community. She outlines four key components of settler colonialism: the elimination of Indigenous peoples, the imposition of property systems, the erosion of relationality, and the limiting of societal options. By weaving historical context with her own experiences, Melissa invites listeners to reconsider how these structures persist today and to begin the work of understanding their pervasive influence on both history and the present.

01/23/2025

the origin culture with Jazlyn Sanderson of Museum Of Native American History

In this episode of the underview “the story of Northwest Arkansas”, Jazlyn Sanderson, Director of the Museum of Native American History, invites us to explore the profound legacy of Indigenous cultures in Northwest Arkansas.

https://www.theunderview.com/episodes/the-underview-origin-culture-jazylyn-sanderson-monah

From the artistry of Arkansas pottery shaped by local clay to the stories etched into Lone Dog’s Winter Count, Jazlyn highlights the creativity, resilience, and deep connection to the land that defined these communities. These cultures are not relics of the past but living legacies, offering enduring wisdom about identity, belonging, and harmony with the natural world.

Through their art, traditions, and stories, Indigenous peoples remind us of the beauty and depth that comes from grounding ourselves in the history of those who came before us. Jazlyn challenges us to reconsider the myths we’ve inherited and to approach these histories with openness and humility.

Understanding these cultures isn’t just about the past—it’s about enriching our present and shaping a more meaningful future.

Arkansas Archeological Survey Quapaw Nation - OGahPah Osage Nation

Address

Bentonville, AR

Website

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-underview/id1724481954

Alerts

Be the first to know and let us send you an email when the underview. posts news and promotions. Your email address will not be used for any other purpose, and you can unsubscribe at any time.

Contact The Business

Send a message to the underview.:

Videos

Share

Category