07/07/2024
﴿ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُ ﴾
May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah
3. Surah Al-Imran | verse no 173
The Family Of Imran
﴿ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ ﴾
I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Satan
﴿ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴾
In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
173. الَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ
173. Men said to them: "A great army is gathering against you": And frightened them: But it (only) increased their Faith: They said: "For us Allah sufficeth, and He is the best disposer of affairs."
صَدَقَ اللّٰهُ الْعَظِيْم
Sadaqallahul Azim
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THE REASON AND WISDOM BEHIND THE DEFEAT AT UHUD
Allah said,
﴿ أَوَلَمَّآ أَصَـٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٌ۬ ﴾
(When a single disaster smites you), in reference to when the Muslims suffered seventy fatalities during the battle of Uhud,
﴿ قَدۡ أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡہَا ﴾
(although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great,) during Badr, when the Muslims killed seventy Mushriks and captured seventy others,
﴿ قُلۡتُمۡ أَنَّىٰ هَـٰذَاۖ ﴾
(you say: "From where does this come to us'') why did this defeat happen to us
﴿ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ ﴾
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "When Uhud occurred, a year after Badr, Muslims were punished for taking ransom from the disbelievers at Badr )in return for releasing the Mushriks whom they captured in that battle(. Thus, they suffered the loss of seventy fatalities and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah gave flight and abandoned him. The Messenger suffered a broken tooth, the helmet was smashed on his head and blood flowed onto his face. Allah then revealed,
﴿ أَوَلَمَّآ أَصَـٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٌ۬ قَدۡ أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡہَا قُلۡتُمۡ أَنَّىٰ هَـٰذَاۖ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ ﴾
(When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves''.), because you took the ransom.'' Furthermore, Muhammad bin Ishaq, Ibn Jurayj, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and As-Suddi said that the Ayah,
﴿ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ ﴾
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') means, because you, the archers, disobeyed the Messenger's command to not abandon your positions.
﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدِيرٌ۬ ﴾
(And Allah has power over all things.) and He does what He wills and decides what He wills, and there is none who can resist His decision.
Allah then said,
﴿ وَمَآ أَصَـٰبَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ ﴾
(And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah), for when you ran away from your enemy, who killed many of you and injured many others, all this occurred by Allah's will and decree out of His perfect wisdom,
﴿ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
(in order that He might test the believers.) who were patient, firm and were not shaken,
﴿ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْۚ وَقِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ قَـٰتِلُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوِ ٱدۡفَعُواْۖ قَالُواْ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالاً۬ لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَـٰكُمۡۗ ﴾
(And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') (3:167),
This refers to the Companions of `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul who went back (to Al-Madinah) with him before the battle. Some believers followed them and encouraged them to come back and fight, saying,
﴿ أَوِ ٱدۡفَعُواْۖ ﴾
(or defend), so that the number of Muslims increases, as Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Ad-Dahhak, Abu Salih, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi stated. Al-Hasan bin Salih said that this part of the Ayah means, help by supplicating for us, while others said it means, man the posts. However, they refused, saying,
﴿ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالاً۬ لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَـٰكُمۡۗ ﴾
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') meaning, according to Mujahid, if we knew that you would fight today, we would join you, but we think you will not fight. Allah said,
﴿ هُمۡ لِلۡڪُفۡرِ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ أَقۡرَبُ مِنۡہُمۡ لِلۡإِيمَـٰنِۚ ﴾
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
This Ayah indicates that a person passes through various stages, sometimes being closer to Kufr and sometimes closer to faith, as evident by,
﴿ هُمۡ لِلۡڪُفۡرِ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ أَقۡرَبُ مِنۡہُمۡ لِلۡإِيمَـٰنِۚ ﴾
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
Allah then said,
﴿ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَٲهِهِم مَّا لَيۡسَ فِى قُلُوبِہِمۡۗ ﴾
(saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts.) for they utter what they do not truly believe in, such as,
﴿ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالاً۬ لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَـٰكُمۡۗ ﴾
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'')
They knew that there was an army of idolaters that came from a far land raging against the Muslims, to avenge their noble men whom the Muslims killed in Badr. These idolaters came in larger numbers than the Muslims, so it was clear that a battle will certainly occur. Allah said;
﴿ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَكۡتُمُونَ ﴾
(And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.)
﴿ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٲنِہِمۡ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُواْۗ ﴾
((They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'') had they listened to our advice and not gone out, they would not have met their demise. Allah said,
﴿ قُلۡ فَٱدۡرَءُواْ عَنۡ أَنفُسِڪُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَـٰدِقِينَ ﴾
(Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'') meaning, if staying at home saves one from being killed or from death, then you should not die. However death will come to you even if you were hiding in fortified castles. Therefore, fend death off of yourselves, if you are right.
Mujahid said that Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "This Ayah (3:168) was revealed about `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul (the chief hypocrite).''
﴿ وَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَمۡوَٲتَۢاۚ بَلۡ أَحۡيَآءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يُرۡزَقُونَ • فَرِحِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَٮٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَلۡحَقُواْ بِہِم مِّنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡہِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ • يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِنِعۡمَةٍ۬ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٍ۬ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ • ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَصَابَہُمُ ٱلۡقَرۡحُۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ مِنۡہُمۡ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٌ • ٱلَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّ ٱلنَّاسَ قَدۡ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمۡ فَٱخۡشَوۡهُمۡ فَزَادَهُمۡ إِيمَـٰنً۬ا وَقَالُواْ حَسۡبُنَا ٱللَّهُ وَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡوَڪِيلُ • فَٱنقَلَبُواْ بِنِعۡمَةٍ۬ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٍ۬ لَّمۡ يَمۡسَسۡہُمۡ سُوٓءٌ۬ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ رِضۡوَٲنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَظِيمٍ • إِنَّمَا ذَٲلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَـٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُ ۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمۡ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
(169. Think not of those as dead who are killed in the way of Allah. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision.) (170. They rejoice in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty and rejoice for the sake of those who have not yet joined them, but are left behind (not yet martyred) that on them no fear shall come, nor shall they grieve.) (171. They rejoice in a grace and a bounty from Allah, and that Allah will not waste the reward of the believers.) (172. Those who answered (the Call of) Allah and the Messenger after being wounded; for those of them who did good deeds and feared Allah, there is a great reward.) (173. Those to whom the people said, "Verily, the people have gathered against you, therefore, fear them.'' But it (only) increased them in faith, and they said: "Allah is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs.'') (174. So they returned with grace and bounty from Allah. No harm touched them; and they followed the pleasure of Allah. And Allah is the Owner of great bounty.) (175. It is only Shaytan that suggests to you the fear of his friends; so fear them not, but fear Me, if you are indeed believers.)
