10/03/2023
One of the facts which often gets obscured in the general accounts of the suffering soldiers at Valley Forge is how much of it could have been prevented. The general accounts tend to overlook the fact the Continental Army’s supply system completely broke down and those working directly in the supply department did little to nothing to address it or correct it.
With the army literally on the verge of starvation, Congress not only authorized Washington to seize supplies in any way necessary, but also sent letters to all the neighboring states imploring them to send whatever supplies they could spare. On February 17, 1778, they sent one to New York Governor George Clinton. At the time of the writing, some of the soldiers had already gone 4 days without meat.
Also, fully aware of how much of New York State was either devasted or in enemy hands, the congressional letter begged that if New York could send no actual supplies, it would at least aid in the transportation of supplies to the army from other states.
It would take Clinton the rest of the month to scrounge together supplies for Washington’s army, and his answering letter to congress expounded fully on the ravaged condition of New York State. In this extract of his letter, however, he also demonstrated New Yorkers were ready to do everything they could to support Washington and the cause of independence:
“Notwithstanding these Difficulties, a 100 Head of Cattle purchased on the w side of the River, & 150 Barrls of Pork are now on their way to Head Quarter and the most ample authority is granted to impress Teems & Carriages to transport a present supply of Provissions thither. The interest which this State has in the success of the American cause, and I may add attachment the People have to the Commander in Chief, will excite them to the most vigorous Exertions for the relief of his army...”
With New York and other states providing food, and a complete restructuring of the quartermaster department, the disbandment and destruction of the Continental Army was narrowly averted, and Washington’s army would leave Valley Forge ready to meet the British on the battlefield once more.
Image description: A team of two brown oxen stand patiently under the guidance of a teamster near a brick Storehouse. Two men load wooden provision barrels into a bright yellow cart attached to the oxen.