03/12/2024
De peste 15 ani facem ne străduim să înțelegem fascismul istoric și să prevenim și combatem fascismul prezent. Tamás Gáspár Miklós e unul din din autorii fundamentali pentru noi*.
Mai jos, într-o conferință de la Academia Poloneză, cu zece teze despre fascism:
(*îi puteți găsi cartea „Postfascism și atinticomunism” aici: https://edituratact.ro/colectii/colectia-de-strada/postfascism-si-anticomunism/, în traducerea Teodorei Dumitru și a lui Attila Szigeti)
THE TEN THESIS
§ 1: Modern revolutions want to change structures first, however & wherever they may end up later.
§ 2: Fascism wants to eliminate (eject) groups of people: its dynamic is directed against people, not abstractions, be they legal, political or cultural. It is unmediated. (Unlike modern revolutions.)
§ 3: Because it is unmediated, it seems to be emotional, direct, personal: a faith. Any faith needs a person in its focus: God is a person. In His absence, a negative God has to be placed at the centre of this faith – this negative divinity is known to have been The Jew, but it could be anybody who can show these divine characteristics: ubiquity (spiritus flat ubi vult), the seeming inability to be rooted & ‛embedded’, being spiritual (money, philosophy, immersion in alien religiosity) & material at the same time (money, sensuality), being hidden & inexplicable &c.
§ 4: These characteristics can be (& are) extended to anybody, as it pertains to the essence of a negative divinity to be unspecific & mysterious.
§ 5: So is the fascist description of capitalism: it is divinised or deified & counter-worshipped in the same fashion: it is immaterial & personal. (Again, The Jew.) It is subordinated to a malevolent will; but the person from whom this will is emanating is an invisible godhead, though it must have a body. (Like Christ.)
§ 6: Divine, but bleak & grim, as the modern everyday is gedichtet by Heidegger: a deliberate, not at all involuntary parody of the Hegelian-Marxist view of alienation. For the ‛capitalist second nature’ is alienated not from man’s (or the proletarian’s) first or true nature, but from the true nature of the race (Volk), hence it is not alien to everybody. Only to some. There are people for whom abstraction & reason are not alien or alienated: these people are the enemy.
§ 7: Class is a structure: moreover, it is a structure which is the consequence of a structure (capitalist relations of production). If capitalism ceases to exist, there will not be any classes. Race is not a structure, it is a group of persons: it predates & it might survive capitalism (or modernity), no structural change is able to change it. It can only kill it. And might. So the race will have to steel itself to resistance. Against other races, but chiefly against the non-race: the structure; so against capitalism & socialism, the two sides to the negatively divine coin.
§ 8: Nobody & nothing is fascist if it is not both against capitalism & socialism.
§ 9: Nobody & nothing is fascist if it is not allowing capitalism its purely technical & economic, that is, subordinated & unlimited liberty. But it has to be robbed of its spirituality – politics – that should be the good aspect (see Carl Schmitt) that restores the will to the race. Restores it by denying it to the abstract, negative divinity of the modern: the volitional structure, made into flesh. Politics is will & action, hence not sensual (it is not originated in the body, but in the soul) & not spiritual (it is not originated in Reason, but in the soul). (Compare Klages.)
§ 10: Anti-fascists ought to understand that this strong fascist emphasis of personhood is akin to modern individualism. The assimilation of fascism to ‛collectivism’ is an error. ‛Collectivism’ is shaped by an idea of justice. Fascism is shaped by an idea of hierarchy, which is to say, by an idea of excellence (arētē). Aristocracy is born; but excellence & prominence are fought for. This is Nietzschean, not Aristotelian arētē which is competitive, but rational, as Nietzsche’s one is, of course, not. Nietzschean arētē is to be acquired & displayed in war. So fascism’s aim is war. Any war. Because any war is against the spirit, against any God, any idea of embodied reason. A war waged by the embedded intellect against a reason divested of personhood, disembodied, but bearing the imprint of spent passion.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gM7y1MTS-14&t=140s
"What We Can Learn from Fascism" - talk given at the "Critical Thought on The Nationalist and Far Right Movements" conference hosted by the Polish Academy of...
