BillTech

02/02/2025

Basic Linux Commands

26/01/2025

(Explained) There are 2 Ways in vSphere that you can separate traffic from different networks (ex. ESXi Management and vMotion) on the same ESXi Hosts. You can either create separate vSwitches using dedicated physical NICs or if NICs are not available you could also create separate port groups using different VLAN IDs on the same vSwitch. Let me demonstrate this.

The following image shows you how VMkernels port groups "MGMT & vMotion" go through different port groups with VLANs 10 & 20 in the same vSphere Standard Switch (vSS) 0, with one link active and the other in standby connected to pSwitch 1 & 2. Also, vLANs 30, 40, 50 are going through different Virtual Switches (vSwitch) 1, 2, 3 and then to different physical switches (pSwitch) 1, 2.

NOTE: The ESXi host (HYPERVISOR) vmnic, is the physical adapter that is physically connected to the access-layer switch. The Virtual Machine VM's vNIC is the virtual interface logically connected by a virtual network link (VN_Link).

It's possible to use 10 pNICs at 1GB or or even better only 2 pNICs at 10GB - 100GB which is the recommended deployments now days. This applies to VMware vSphere Standard Switch (vSS) or VMware vSphere Distributed Switch (vDS). The vDS has many advantages over the vSS. Unlike the vSS found with all vSphere license types and even with free ESXi, the vDS is only available with the vSphere Enterprise Plus license.

ITSA VMware Virtualization in Cloud Computing.
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ctto: to sir Raul Rumero

10/01/2025

Dear AI . . .

Remember that AI isn’t a true creative, you are! 🫡

AI is a tool, not a replacement for human creativity and problem-solving. It can assist you, but it can’t replace the skills you’ll develop as a programmer.

Think of AI as a resource—like a search engine rather than something that competes with your ability to learn.

Think of it as StackOverflow in steroids haha.

Use AI to accelerate your learning.
For example, ask for explanations of concepts you’re stuck on or seek examples of code snippets.

09/01/2025

LINUX BASIC COMMANDS 💯

File and Directory Management

1. **ls:** List files and directories.
2. **cd:** Change directory.
3. **pwd:** Display the current directory.
4. **mkdir:** Create a new directory.
5. **rm:** Remove files or directories.
6. **cp:** Copy files or directories.
7. **mv:** Move or rename files.
8. **touch:** Create an empty file.
9. **tree:** Display directory structure.

File Viewing and Editing

10. **cat:** Display file content.
11. **less / more:** View files page by page.
12. **head:** Show the first 10 lines.
13. **tail:** Show the last 10 lines.
14. **nano:** A simple text editor.
15. **vi / vim:** An advanced text editor.

Search Operations

16. **find:** Locate files and directories.
17. **grep:** Search within files.
18. **locate:** Quickly find files using a database.
19. **which:** Locate a command’s path.

Disk and File System Management:

20. **df:** Display disk space usage.
21. **du:** Show directory or file size.
22. **mount / umount:** Mount or unmount file systems.
23. **lsblk:** List all block devices.
24. **fsck:** Check and repair file systems.

Process and System Monitoring

25. **ps:** Display running processes.
26. **top:** Monitor system processes.
27. **htop:** Interactive process manager.
28. **kill:** Terminate a process.
29. **uptime:** Show system uptime.
30. **free:** Check memory usage.

**Networking Commands:**

31. **ping:** Check connectivity.
32. **curl:** Transfer data to/from servers.
33. **wget:** Download files from the internet.
34. **ifconfig / ip:** View or configure network interfaces.
35. **netstat:** Show network statistics.
36. **ssh:** Remote access to servers.
**37. SCP: Securely Copy Files Between Systems**

**Permissions and Ownership:**
38. chmod: Modify file permissions
39. chown: Change file owner/group
40. umask: Set default permissions

**Archiving and Compression:**
41. tar: Archive and compress files
42. gzip/gunzip: Compress and decompress files
43. zip/unzip: Handle zip files

**System Information:**
44. uname -a: Show system information
45. hostname: Display system hostname
46. whoami: Current user
47. id: Show user and group IDs
48. dmesg: Kernel log messages
49. lscpu: CPU architecture information
50. lsusb: List USB devices
51. lspci: Show PCI devices