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𝐓𝐑𝐆⃟ᶥ₄ᴇᴀʀᴏɴ

23/08/2024

TIWALA LANG SA SARILI❤️

23/08/2024

─pag naging successful ako babalikan ko yung mga taong tumulong sakin.

23/08/2024

SUNOD IKAW NAMAN BUDDY!

23/08/2024

HIRAYA MANAWARI

23/08/2024

Congratulations to All passers
CLE laban lang❤️

07/05/2024

CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Criminal – is a person convicted of a crime by a final judgment
Suspect – arrested for the commission of a crime and he is in the law enforcement stage.
Respondent – in the prosecution stage
Accused – in court
Criminal or Convict or Inmate – in correction
Ex-convict – in the community
Crime - is an act or omission punishable by law, forbidding or commanding it.
Felony – crime punishable by Revised Penal Code (3815)
Offense – crime punishable by special penal laws.
Misdemeanor or Violation or Obstruction of Ordinance – crime punishable by municipal or city ordinances
Justice – is the act of rendering what are due or treating persons equally.
System – is a combination of related elements organized into a complex prevention and control of crime.
Criminal Justice System – is the machinery which the society uses in prevention and control crime.
Law Enforcement –First component and pillar of the CJS. They are called the police, conducts arrest, search seizures, etc. The prime mover or front liner of the CJS. (also BIR) They are the one who file complaint.
Prosecution – conducts preliminary investigation to determine the existence of probable cause. The one who file information.
Court – conducts trial to determine whether the accused is guilty or innocent of the charge. The arbiter of Justice. The “cornerstone” or “centerpiece” of the CJS.
Correction– reforms and rehabilitates the offenders. This is known as the weakest pillar in CJS.
Community – molds persons from birth and reintegrates offender back to their home. This is the core of the CJS.
Teodulo Natividad – introduced CJS in the Philippines
LAW ENFORCEMENT
Public Relation – is the act of bringing about better understanding , confidence, and acceptance of an individual or an organization.
Police Community Relation – is defined as the sum total dealings of the police with the people it serves and whose goodwill and cooperation it craves for to insure the greatest possible efficiency in the public service.
Police Public Relation – is the continuing process by which endeavors are made to obtain the goodwill and cooperation of the public for the effective enforcement of the law and the accomplishment of police purpose.
Human Relation – consists of fundamental precepts, both moral and legal which governs the relationship among men in all aspects of life.
Crime – Desire + Opportunity (to commit a crime) over Resistance (not to commit a crime)
Arrest – is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may bound to answer for the commission of an offense.
Warrant of Arrest – is an order in writing issued in the name of People of the Philippines, signed by the judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him to arrest a person or persons stated therein and deliver them before the court.
Inflagrante Delicto – caught in the act of committing a crime
Search Warrant - is an order in writing issued in the name of People of the Philippines, signed by the judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him to search for personal property described therein and deliver them before the court.
Custodial Investigation – is any questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody of otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way.
Miranda Rights – Miranda vs. Arizona, Constitutional Rights of persons under investigation for the commission of an offense.
Doctrine of the Fruit of the Poisonous Tree – any evidence illegally obtained is not admissible in any proceeding.
Confession – direct acknowledgement of guilt.
Admission - indirect acknowledgement of guilt.
RA 7438 – An Act Defining certain rights of person arrested, detained, or under custodial investigation as well as the duties of the arresting, detaining and investigating officers, and providing penalties for violation thereof.
PROSECUTION
Inquest Proceeding - is a proceeding done by the inquest prosecutor to determine the validity of a warrantless arrest.
Preliminary Investigation – is an inquiry held for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not probable cause is present.
Probable Cause – is the existence of sufficient ground to engender well founded belief that a crime has been committed and the respondent is probably guilty thereof.
RA 9344 – Juvenile Justice Welfare Act of 2006.
Complaint – is a sworn written statement charging a person with an offense, subscribed by the offended party, any peace officer, or other public officer charged with the enforcement of the law violated.
Information – is an accusation in writing charging a person with an offense, subscribed by the prosecutor and filed in court.
COURT
Judge – is an officer so named in his commission who presides in some court; a public officer, appointed to preside to and administer the law in a court of justice.
Jurisdiction – is the power and authority to hear, try, and decide a case.
Certification Against Forum Shopping – the complainant, plaintiff, or principal party shall certify under oath in his complaint or other initiatory pleading asserting a claim of relief.
Arraignment – is made in an open court by the judge or clerk furnishing the accused of the copy of the complaint of information, reading the same in a language or dialect known to him, and asking him whether he pleads guilty or not guilty.
Bail – is a security given for the release of a person in custody of the law, furnish by him or a bondsman, to guarantee his appearance before any court as required under the conditions specified by law.
Recognizance – is the release of the defendant on the custody of a responsible member of the community who shall guarantee his appearance whenever required by the court.
Proof beyond Reasonable Doubt – is the degree of proof which produces conviction in an unprejudiced mind.
Preponderance of Evidence – means that the testimony adduced by one side is more credible and conclusive that the other.
Substantial Evidence – is the relevant evidence which the reasonable mind might accepts as adequate to support a conclusion.
Quash – literally to put stop. It is the act of formally declaring that the law or a court’s verdict is invalid.
Trial – is the examination before a competent tribunal, according to the laws of the land, of the facts and issue of the case, for the purpose of determining such issue.
Alibi – is an averment that the person was at another place for such a period of time that it was impossible for him to have been at the place where the act was committed at the time of its commission.
Judgment – is adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not guilty of the offense charged and the imposition of him of the proper penalty and civil liability, if any.
Appeal – is a resort to a superior court to review the decision of an inferior court or administrative agency.
CORRECTION
Prisoners – are those convicted by final judgment.
Detainees – are those undergoing investigation/trial, or awaiting trial/sentence.
Department of Justice – it holds the Bureau of Prisons
Old Bilibid Prison – at present Manila City Jail.
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) – administer at the city and municipal jails. It is under the (DILG) Department of Interior and Local Government.
Provincial Jail – administer by Provincial Government
Prisons – administered by (BuCor) Bureau of Correction, deprived of their liberty for more than 3 years.
Jails – are housing persons who are deprived of their liberty for not more than 3 years.
Probation – is a disposition under which a defendant, after conviction and sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and under the supervision of a probation officer.
Interlocutory Order – is one which does not finally determine a cause of action but only decides some intervening matter pertaining to the cause.
Pardon – is an executive clemency granted by the President/Chief Executive. Pardoning Power of the President
Amnesty – is an act of sovereign power granting oblivion or general pardon for a past offense usually granted in favor of certain classes of persons who have committed crimes of political character, such as character, such as treason, sedition, and rebellion.
Parole – is the suspension of sentence of a convict after having served the minimum sentence imposed without granting pardon, prescribing the terms of the suspension.
Commutation – is an act of the President reducing the penalty of a convict.
Reprieve and Suspension – the temporary stay or postponement of sentence.
COMMUNITY
Community – is a group of persons living I a particular place.
Home – Cradle of human personality
Marriage – is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. Is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship.
School – is an institution or place for instruction or education.
Church – is the religious society founded and established by Jesus Christ to receive, preserve, and propagate His doctrines and ordinances.
Government – is the organization, or agency through which a political unit exercises its authority, controls and administers public policy, and directs and controls the actions of its members or subjects.

CRIMINOLOGY LICENSURE EXAM
1.Coined in the word "Criminology" - Rafaelle de Garofalo.
2. Father of Classical criminology- Cesare Beccaria.
3. Father of Criminaliastics- Hans Gross
4. Father of Behavioral genetics- Francis Galton.
5. Father of traditional/Old Criminology - Cesare Beccaria Father of Modern Criminology- Cesare Lombroso
6. Father of Questioned Doc. Examination- Albert Osborne
7. Father of Forensic/ ModernBallistics - Col. Calvin Henry Goddard
8. Father of Probation- John Augustus
9. Father of Organized Military Espionage- Frederick the great.
10. Mother of All Criminals- Ada juke/ Margaret.
11. First probation officer in the whole world- Edward Savage
12. Coined in the word "Photography" - William Herschel
13. Father of Police Professionalization- August Vollmer
14. Father of Police Organization- Henry Vayol.
15. Father of Utilitarianism- Jeremy Bentham
16. Father of Philippine Probation- Teodulo Natividad.
17. Father of English Probation- Matthew Daven Porthill.
18. Father of Parole/Modern Penology- Alexander Macanochie
19. First prison chaplain- Rev. Jarred Curtis
20. First Probation Officer- Edward Savage
21. Father of Modern Policing- Sir Robert Peel.
22. Father of traditional polygraphy- John A. larson.
23. Father of Modern Law Enforcement- August Vollmer.
24. Father of Psycho analysis- Sigmund freud
25. Father of forensic Investigation- Dr. Edmon Locard
26. Father of Podoscopy- Dr. Edmon Locard
27. Father of Personal Identi- Alphonse Bertillion
28. Father of fingerprint- Sir Richard Henry
29. F. of Criminalistics in Austria- Dr. Hans Gross
30. F. of Crims in America- Dr. Paul Kirk
31. F. of American Prison- Zebulon Reed Brockway.
32. F.of Victimology- Benjamin Mendelson Von Henteg
32. "Criminology" - Edwin Sutherland "Criminologie" -Italian word by Paul Topinard" "Criminologia"-Latin word by Rafaelle de Garofalo 33. Benjamin Robins - F of Modern Gannery/F. of Ballistics pendiulum 34. Father of eugenics- Galton First lethal injection- Leo echagaray./RAPE
35.John Augustus-Father of Probation
36.Edward Savage-First Probation officer in the world
37.Teodulo C. Natividad-Father of Philippine Probation
38.Mathew Davenfort Hill-Father of English Probation
39.Zebulon R. Brockway-He was the first superintendent of Elmira Reformatory
40.Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise-Director of English prisons who opened the Borstal institution
41.John Howard-known as the Father of Penitentiary
42.Sir Walter Crofton-He was the director of the irish prison
43.Alexander Macanochie-Father of modern Penology and Father of Parole
✅Republic Acts - are laws made by congress,the latter referring to house of representatives and senate of the phils.duly signed by the president
✅Presidential Decrees- are laws made and approved by then former president marcos; here are some of them;
P.D. 1414 - created the law on indigenous person,or the katutubo
P.D. 1619 - solvent and volatile
P.D. 968 - PROBATION LAW
P.D. 603 - THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE ACT CODE..EFFECTIVE JUNE 8 1975
P.D. 1069 - PHIL EXTERNAL/EXTRADITION LAW
P.D. 532 - ANTI PIRACY AND ANTI HIGHWAY LAW OF 1974
P.D. 533 - ANTI-CATTLE RUSTLING LAW OF 1974
P.D. 1602 - ILLEGAL GAMBLING
P.D. 1866 - AS AMENDED BY R.A. 8294,ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARM AND EXPLOSIVES
P.D. 1612 -ANTI FENCING LAW
P.D. 684 - CREATED SK
P.D. 1184 - CREATED THE PPSC
P.D.229 -DECLARING BGY CHAIRMAN AS PERSON IN AUTHORITY
P.D. 557 - DECLARING ALL BARRIOS AS BARANGAY
P.D. 1508 - CREATION OF BARANGAY COURT
P.D.1829 - PENALIZING OBSTRUCTION OF APPREHENSION AND PROSECUTION OF CRIMINAL OFFENDER
P.D. 46 - ACT PUNISHING THE RECEIVING AND GIVING OF GIFTS OF PUBLIC OFFICIAL AND EMPLOYEES
P.D 1689 - INCREASED THE PENALTY FOR CERTAIN FORMS OF ESTAFA
P.D.2018 - MAKES THE ILLEGAL RECRUITMENT A CRIME OF ECONOMIC SABOTAGE PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT
P.D 133 - PRESCRIBED HEAVY PENALTY FOR EMPLOYEES THEFT AND LABORERS
P.D.1185 - FIRE CODE OF THE PHILS
P.D.1731 - PROVIDES FOR REWARDS AND INCENTIVES TO GOVT WITNESS AND INFORMANTS
P.D 1732 - PROVIDES IMMUNITY FOR GOVT WITNESSES
P.D., 1869 - PROHIBITION OF GOVT OFFICIALS TO ENTER IN GAMBLING HOUSE AND CASINOS
R.A 7160 - LOCAL GOVT CODE OF 1991
R.A. 4103 - INDETERMINATE SENTENCE LAW
R.A. 4200 - ANTI-WIRE TAPPING LAW
R.A. 1524 - PROVIDES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONDITIONS FOR PARDON
R.A. 7610 - SPECIAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSED EXPLOITATION AND DISCRIMINATION ACT AS AMENDED
R.A. 9344 - JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE SYSTEM MY 4 2006
R.A. 9231 - CHILD LABORING ACT
R.A. 6809 - LOWERING THE AGE OF MINORITY FROM 21 TO 18 YEARS OF AGE,TOTALLY EMANCIPATED
R.A 7659 - DEATH PENALTY
R.A. 8177 - ACT DESIGNATING DEATH BY LETHAL INJECTION LAW
R.A. 3019 - AS AMENDED BY ANTI-GRAFT AND CORRUPTION PRACTICES
R.A. 6713 - CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC OFFICIAL AND EMPLOYEES
R.A. 7080 - ANTI-PLUNDER ACT
R.A. 7877 - ANTI-SEXUAL HARASSMENT ACT OF 1995
R.A. 8049 - ANTI-HAZING LAW
R.A. 6539 - ANTI-CARNAPPING

FACTS AND TRIVIA ABOUT FIRST IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

1. First Landing
On March 16, 1521, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in service of Spain landed at Samar.
2. First Mass
On March 31, 1521 (Easter Sunday) Spanish friar Pedro Valderama conducted the first Catholic mass in Limasawa, Leyte. Rajah Kolambu, who forged a blood compact of friendship with Magellan two days earlier, attended along with Rajah Siagu.
3. First Filipino Christians
On April 14, 1521, Rajah Humabon, Rajah Kolambu, and 400 other Filipino natives were baptized into Christianity during a ceremony administered by friar Pedro Valderamma.
4. First Filipino Priest
In 1590, Martin Lakandula was ordained as an Augustinian priest, becoming the first native Filipino to serve as a friar. In 1906, Jorge Barlin became the first Filipino bishop under the Roman Catholic Church. The first Filipino archbishop was Viviano Gorordo while the first Filipino cardinal was Rufino Cardinal Santos.
5. First Chair
It was said that Filipinos first used a chair in April 1521 when Ferdinand Magellan gave Rajah Humabon of Cebu a red velvet Spanish chair. According to Halupi, a book of essays on Philippine history, early Filipinos used to sit on the floor.
6. First Spanish Monument
On April 14, 1521, Ferdinand Magellan planted a huge cross in Cebu. It was here where friar Valderama baptized Rajah Humabon, Rajah Kolambu and 400 other Filipinos into Christianity.
7. First Battle
On April 14, 1521, the first battle between Filipinos and the European conquerors took place in Mactan, Cebu. Filipino chieftain Lapu-lapu defeated Magellan and his men. After Magellan was killed, Sebastian del Cano led his men back to Spain, completing their voyage around the planet.
8. First Religious Order
The Franciscans were the first Catholic religious order to establish their presence in the Philippines. The Franciscans came here in 1577; Jesuits, 1581; Dominicans, 1587; Recollects, 1606; Paulists, 1862; Sisters of Charity, 1862; Capuchins, 1886; and Benedictines, 1895.
9. First Spanish-Filipino Marriage
In 1585, Spanish soldier Pablo Alvarez married Nicolasa de Alvarez, a native of Lubao, Pampanga.
10. First Muslims
Makdum, Rajah Baguinda and Abu Bakar propagated Islam in the Philippines in the 13th Century.
11. First Spanish Governor General
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, who founded the first European settlement in Cebu City in 1565, is considered the first Spanish governor general in the Philippines. He founded the city of Manila and declared it the capital of the archipelago on June 3, 1571. The last Spanish governor general in the Philippines was Riego delos Rios in 1898.
12. First Archbishop
Domingo Salazar was the first archbishop of the Philippines, which was regarded as a single diocese in the 1580s.
13. First Cannon Maker
Even before the Spaniards came to the Philippines, Filipino natives had already learned the trick of making cannons, perhaps from Chinese traders. Historians claimed that Panday Pira who lived between 1483 and 1576 had devised the cannons which Muslim leader Rajah Sulayman used to protect Manila against the invading Spanish troops. Panday Pira was from Tarlac.
14. First Republic
Early Philippine republics were Kakarong de Sili republic in Pandi, Bulacan; Tejeros Convention in Malabon; and Biak na Bato republic in San Miguel, Bulacan. Historians, however, wrote that the first real Philippine republic was established in Malolos, Bulacan on January 21, 1899. Two days later, the First Philippine Republic was inaugurated while General Emilio Aguinaldo was declared its first president.
15. First President of Katipunan
It was Deodado Arellano who became the first president of the Katipunan, a revolutionary movement against Spanish rule in the Philippines.
16. First Chinese Kingdom
After attacking Manila, Chinese conqueror Limahong established a kingdom near the mouth of Agno River in Pangasinan province on December 3, 1574. Agno was the seat of the old civilization. Historians have mentioned one Princess Urduja who ruled Pangasinan before the Spaniards came. In 1660, Filipino leader Malong attempted to establish another kingdom in Pangasinan.
17. First Revolt
The first attempt to rise against Spanish colonial rule was carried out by chieftains of Bulacan led by Esteban Taes in 1587. On October 26, 1588, Spanish authorities discovered a plot by Magat Salamat of Hagonoy who tried to enlist the support of his relatives in Borneo.
18. First Filipino in Exile
Felipe Salonga of Polo, Bulacan (now Valenzuela City) became the first Filipino who was put in exile by Spanish authorities for starting a revolt in Bulacan in 1587. He was exiled to Mexico.
19. First Chinese Revolt
On October 3, 1603, the Chinese rose in revolt in Manila and was driven away to San Pablo, Laguna where they made their last stand.
20. First Filipino
The first man who used Filipino as a title of citizenship was Luis Rodriguez Varela, a Spaniard who was born in Manila. He preferred to be called El Conde Pilipino in 1795.

Police Ethics and Community Relations
PNP Philosophy
1. Service
2. Honor
3. Justice
PNP Core Values
1. Makadios (God-Fearing)
2. Makabayan (Nationalistic)
3. Makatao (Humane)
Ethical Acts to be Observed by PNP members
1. Morality
2. Judicious use of authority
3. Integrity
4. Justice
5. Humility
6. Orderliness
7. Perseverance
Definition of Terms
Customs - established usage or social practices carried on by tradition that have obtained the force of law.
Traditions - bodies of belief, stories, customs and usages handed down from generation to generation with the effect of an unwritten law.
Courtesy - a manifestation of expression of consideration and respect for others.

06/05/2024

Dactyloscopy = Practical science of fingerprint Identification and classification.
Dactylography = fingerprint identification.
Dactylomancy = personality interpretation.
Poroscopy = study of sweat pores.
Podoscopy = study of prints of the Soles.
Chiroscopy = Study of the prints of the Palm.
Edgeoscopy = study of the sides of the finger.
Ridgeoscopy = study of ridges.

Macrodactyl = enlarged finger
Microdactyl = small finger
Syndactyl = side fussion
Polydactyl = many finger
Ectodactyl = missing finger
Anthropometry = measurement of bone structure.
= first scientific method.
Forensic Odontology = Dental identification
Forensic Anthropology = skeletal identification
Forensic Enthomology = study of insects
DNA fingerprinting = indispensable science.

Layers of Friction skin
Epidermis = outer layer ( Temporary Damage)
Stratum Corneum = Outer of epidermis
Stratum Mucosum = Inner of epidermis
Dermis = Inner Layer (Permanent Damage)
Cut = more than 1mm
Burns = 2nd Degree burn.
3rd degree burns = requires amputation and the most painful degree of burns.
Dermal Papillae = irregular pegs responsible for ridge formation.

Friction /Epidermal/Papillary Skin
Ridges = lines, hill-like, elevated portion
Furrows = space, canal-like, depressed portion
Sweat Pores = tiny opening, white dots.
Sweat Duct = passage way
Sweat Glands = producer of sweat.
Fingerprint = the production of an impression on some smooth surfaces, designed by the ridge on the inside of the joint of the finger or thumb.

Ridge Characteristics
Basic: Ridge Dot, Ending Ridge, Bifurcation, Short Ridge.
Ridge Dot= Island Ridge, period or Dot.
Ending Ridge = end point/ abrupt ending.
Bifurcation = splits, divides, branches into two.
Enclosure/ Lake Ridge = meets to form the original ridge. (bifurcating ridge that converge at certain point)
Divergence = spreading or two separate ridges.
Convergence = meeting of two separate ridges.
Recurve = curves back

Typelines = basic boundaries of fingerprint pattern.
Pattern Area = area surrounded by the typelines.

Appendage = short ridge found on TOP of the recurve.
Bar = (short or long ridge ) found INSIDE the recurve.
Obstruction ridge = (Short HORIZONTAL ridge) found inside the innermost recurving ridge that spoiled the inner flow towards the center of the pattern.
Uptrust = Horinzontal ridge that makes a sufficient raise at the center.
Incipient ridge = so thin or very fine ridge which is not included as a ridge count.

Focal Points / Fingerprint terminus
Delta= outer terminus, found in front of TYPELINES.
(requires Wide Space)
Two or more which conforms = the one nearest the core (YES)
Core = Inner Terminus , Found inside the recurve.
(approximate center of a fingerprint patterns usually found in L & W)
Ridge counting = from DELTA to CORE.
Ridge count = ridge between delta to core.
Ridge Tracing = From two (2) Focal Points, (Left Delta to Right Delta). (YES)
Intervening ridge = between tracing ridge and right delta.

3 Groups (Loop, Arch and Whorl)
***In fingerprint probe, there are three (3) groups of pattern they are Arch , Whorl & Loops.
Plain Arch (A) = enter from one side and flow to the other side).
Tented Arch (T) = uptrust, angle & Incomplete loop).
Radial Loop (LH \, RH /) towards the thumb.
Ulnar Loop (LH /, RH \) towards the little finger.
Plain whorl (W) touch the circuiting ridge.
Central P.L.W. (c) Does not touch the Circuiting ridge.
Double loop Whorl (D) It has two Loop formations. (YES)
Accidental Whorl (X) combination except with plain Arch.

Rolled Impression = taken Individually (THUMB – towards the body) (All Except Thumb = Away from the body). ( Ten Fingerprints of whom? -Suspect)
Plain Impression = taken simultaneously. (serves as guide or reference)
Smudge = made by sliding motion.
Fragmentary = Partial Prints.
Chance Prints = left unconsciously or accidentally.
Latent Prints = left or usually found at the scene of the Crime.
VISIBLE = made from blood, dust and dirt etc.
INVISIBLE = made from sweat/perspiration

Latent Print
Focal Points of fingerprint search – Point of entrance & exit, safes appliance, doors, windows, panels, desk table near the entrance. (all of these)
If fingerprints pattern are not identical, there is no basis for – Comparison.

Instrument
Fingerprint Roller = used TO SPREAD THE INK.
Ink Slab = Metal, Glass or Plastic plate where ink is spread.
Fingerprint Card = used for recording Fingerprint.
Latent Print Transfer Card = used to preserve latent print.
Card Holder = used to clip or hold the F.P. Card .
Strip Card Holder = used to clip strip card

Classification Formula
Checking
Blocking = writing the letter symbols.
Classification Formula
1. Primary Div. = numerical scoring assigned to WHORL.
1/1 =pre-established fraction used to complete the primary Division.
Arch /Loop = non-numerical patterns

2. Secondary = Letter Symbols
CAPITAL letters = INDEX FINGER
Small Letters = T, M, R, L (rat)
3. Sub-Secondary = INDEX, MIDDLE, RING
Whorl= Ridge Tr
-Sana makatulong save nyo basahin nyo ng paulit ulit.
Dagdag kaalaman para sa magttake ng CRIMINOLOGY LICENSURE EXAM
1.Coined in the word "Criminology" - Rafaelle de Garofalo.
2. Father of Classical criminology- Cesare Beccaria.
3. Father of Criminaliastics- Hans Gross
4. Father of Behavioral genetics- Francis Galton.
5. Father of traditional/Old Criminology - Cesare Beccaria Father of Modern Criminology- Cesare Lombroso
6. Father of Questioned Doc. Examination- Albert Osborne
7. Father of Forensic/ ModernBallistics - Col. Calvin Henry Goddard
8. Father of Probation- John Augustus
9. Father of Organized Military Espionage- Frederick the great.
10. Mother of All Criminals- Ada juke/ Margaret.
11. First probation officer in the whole world- Edward Savage
12. Coined in the word "Photography" - William Herschel
13. Father of Police Professionalization- August Vollmer
14. Father of Police Organization- Henry Vayol.
15. Father of Utilitarianism- Jeremy Bentham
16. Father of Philippine Probation- Teodulo Natividad.
17. Father of English Probation- Matthew Daven Porthill.
18. Father of Parole/Modern Penology- Alexander Macanochie
19. First prison chaplain- Rev. Jarred Curtis
20. First Probation Officer- Edward Savage
21. Father of Modern Policing- Sir Robert Peel.
22. Father of traditional polygraphy- John A. larson.
23. Father of Modern Law Enforcement- August Vollmer.
24. Father of Psycho analysis- Sigmund freud
25. Father of forensic Investigation- Dr. Edmon Locard
26. Father of Podoscopy- Dr. Edmon Locard
27. Father of Personal Identi- Alphonse Bertillion
28. Father of fingerprint- Sir Richard Henry
29. F. of Criminalistics in Austria- Dr. Hans Gross
30. F. of Crims in America- Dr. Paul Kirk
31. F. of American Prison- Zebulon Reed Brockway.
32. F.of Victimology- Benjamin Mendelson Von Henteg
32. "Criminology" - Edwin Sutherland "Criminologie" -Italian word by Paul Topinard" "Criminologia"-Latin word by Rafaelle de Garofalo 33. Benjamin Robins - F of Modern Gannery/F. of Ballistics pendiulum 34. Father of eugenics- Galton First lethal injection- Leo echagaray./RAPE
35.John Augustus-Father of Probation
36.Edward Savage-First Probation officer in the world
37.Teodulo C. Natividad-Father of Philippine Probation
38.Mathew Davenfort Hill-Father of English Probation
39.Zebulon R. Brockway-He was the first superintendent of Elmira Reformatory
40.Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise-Director of English prisons who opened the Borstal institution
41.John Howard-known as the Father of Penitentiary
42.Sir Walter Crofton-He was the director of the irish prison
43.Alexander Macanochie-Father of modern Penology and Father of Parole
✅Republic Acts - are laws made by congress,the latter referring to house of representatives and senate of the phils.duly signed by the president
✅Presidential Decrees- are laws made and approved by then former president marcos; here are some of them;
P.D. 1414 - created the law on indigenous person,or the katutubo
P.D. 1619 - solvent and volatile
P.D. 968 - PROBATION LAW
P.D. 603 - THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE ACT CODE..EFFECTIVEJUNE 8 1975
P.D. 1069 - PHIL EXTERNAL/EXTRADITION LAW
P.D. 532 - ANTI PIRACY AND ANTI HIGHWAY LAW OF 1974
P.D. 533 - ANTI-CATTLE RUSTLING LAW OF 1974
P.D. 1602 - ILLEGAL GAMBLING
P.D. 1866 - AS AMENDED BY R.A. 8294,ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARM AND EXPLOSIVES
P.D. 1612 -ANTI FENCING LAW
P.D. 684 - CREATED SK
P.D. 1184 - CREATED THE PPSC
P.D.229 -DECLARING BGY CHAIRMAN AS PERSON IN AUTHORITY
P.D. 557 - DECLARING ALL BARRIOS AS BARANGAY
P.D. 1508 - CREATION OF BARANGAY COURT
P.D.1829 - PENALIZING OBSTRUCTION OF APPREHENSION AND PROSECUTION OF CRIMINAL OFFENDER
P.D. 46 - ACT PUNISHING THE RECEIVING AND GIVING OF GIFTS OF PUBLIC OFFICIAL AND EMPLOYEES
P.D 1689 - INCREASED THE PENALTY FOR CERTAIN FORMS OF ESTAFA
P.D.2018 - MAKES THE ILLEGAL RECRUITMENT A CRIME OF ECONOMIC SABOTAGE PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT
P.D 133 - PRESCRIBED HEAVY PENALTY FOR EMPLOYEES THEFT AND LABORERS
P.D.1185 - FIRE CODE OF THE PHILS
P.D.1731 - PROVIDES FOR REWARDS AND INCENTIVES TO GOVT WITNESS AND INFORMANTS
P.D 1732 - PROVIDES IMMUNITY FOR GOVT WITNESSES
P.D., 1869 - PROHIBITION OF GOVT OFFICIALS TO ENTER IN GAMBLING HOUSE AND CASINOS
R.A 7160 - LOCAL GOVT CODE OF 1991
R.A. 4103 - INDETERMINATE SENTENCE LAW
R.A. 4200 - ANTI-WIRE TAPPING LAW
R.A. 1524 - PROVIDES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONDITIONS FOR PARDON
R.A. 7610 - SPECIAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSED EXPLOITATION AND DISCRIMINATION ACT AS AMENDED
R.A. 9344 - JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE SYSTEM MY 4 2006
R.A. 9231 - CHILD LABORING ACT
R.A. 6809 - LOWERING THE AGE OF MINORITY FROM 21 TO 18 YEARS OF AGE,TOTALLY EMANCIPATED
R.A 7659 - DEATH PENALTY
R.A. 8177 - ACT DESIGNATING DEATH BY LETHAL INJECTION LAW
R.A. 3019 - AS AMENDED BY ANTI-GRAFT AND CORRUPTION PRACTICES
R.A. 6713 - CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC OFFICIAL AND EMPLOYEES
R.A. 7080 - ANTI-PLUNDER ACT
R.A. 7877 - ANTI-SEXUAL HARASSMENT ACT Oresponder

-Pandagdag sa mga nirereview niyo po.

🔖First female detective in history.
Ans: Kate Warne
🔖First recorded history of due process of law.
Ans:Holy bible
🔖The pale yellow fluid of the blood.
Ans:Plasma
🔖The drug "Angel Dust" is:
Ans:Phencyclidine (P*P)
🔖Expelling a squatter from his illegal tenement.
Ans:Eviction
🔖The police Act of 1996
Ans:R.A 4864
🔖Formerly (no longer obseved today) the children of pr******te were called:
Ans:Manceres
🔖First Philippine Probation Law
Ans:Act 4221
🔖The belief that we could eliminate all crimes by simply abolishing all criminal laws is known as:
Ans:Logomacy
🔖Senator Lito Lapid was the principal sponsor of R.A 9999.This is the:
Ans:Free Legal Assistance Act
🔖"In Vino Veritas in Aqua Sanitas" means:
Ans:In Wine there is truth, In water there is health.
🔖National Crime Prevention Week is commemorated every;
Ans:1st Week of September (1-7 of September)
🔖Guilty act
Ans:Actus reus
🔖A guardian appointed by the court to represent the interest of a minor.
Ans:Guardian ad litem
🔖The "Electoral Reform Law of 1987"
Ans:R.A 6646
🔖The largest organ of the human body is.
Ans:Skin
🔖The hardest substance of the human body.
Ans:The enamel of the teeth
🔖The largest internal organ is.
Ans:Liver
🔖How many teeth does an adult have.
Ans:32
🔖Moonlighting,
Ans:Sideline
🔖The first recorded account of due process is found in the.
Ans:Bible
🔖A document issued by a public official.
Ans:Public Document
🔖Quantum of proof required in civil case.
Ans:Preponderancenof evidence
🔖The adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not guilty.
Ans:Judgement
🔖A document regulated by the code of commerce.
Ans:Commercial document
🔖A document executed by a private person without intervention from a notary public.
Ans:Private document
🔖Also excuted by a public official in the exercise of the function of public service.
Ans:Official document
🔖It is any written statement by which a right is established or an obligation is extinguished.
Ans:Document
🔖This law prohibits the receiving and giving of gifts of public officials and employees including Christmas.
Ans:P.D 46
🔖Quantum of proof required in administrative case.
Ans:Substantial evidence
🔖It is a logboom containing all crime incidents and other significant reports.
Ans:Police blotter
🔖Police blotter shall contain.
Ans:5W's and 1H
🔖Refers to the maltreatment of a child whether habitual or not.
Ans:Child Abuse
🔖Refers to a child accused or adjudged as having committed an offense.
Ans:Child in conflict with the law
🔖The place from which most physical evidence associated with the crime will be obtained.
Ans:Crime scene
🔖Refers to the policeman who first arrive the crime scene to provide initial police actions.
Ans:First responderlaw
PD. 532 - Anti piracy and anti highway robbery law
PD. 533 - anti cuttle rustling law
RA. 6235 - An act probihiting certain acts inimical to civil aviation
RA.6539 - anti carnapping law
PD. 1612 - Anti fencing law
PD. 1613 - Anti arson law ( simple arson)
RA. 7832 - Anti electricity and electric transmission lines
RA. 8484 - Access devices regulation act of 1998
RA. 9160 - Anti money laundering act of (2001)
RA. 9372 - human security act of (2007)
RA. 9745 - Anti torture act(2009)
RA. 9775 - Anti child po*******hy (2009)
RA. 9208 -Anti trafficking in person (2003)
RA.8049 - an account regulating hazing and other forms of initiation rites in fraternities sororities and other organization
RA. 7610- Special protection of children against child abuse
RA.9262- anti violence against women and their children act
RA.9165- comprehensive dangerous drug act of July 4 2002
RA.9346 - An act probihiting the imposition of death penalty and amending or such purpose RA. 7659
RA. 3019- Anti graft and corruption act
RA. 1379- forfeiture of questionable or otherwise III-gotten wealth
RA.7080- Anti plunder act
RA. 10193- Anti distracted driving act
RA. 4200- Anti wire tapping law
PD. 1829- law on obstruction of justice
BP. 22- bouncing check law
RA.10591- comprehensive fire arm law
RA.10175- anti cyber crime law
RA.9344- Juvenile justice welfare act of 2006
Cap

LEA

Brig Gen Rafael Crame ---- the first Filipino chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917.

Col. Lamberto Javalera --- the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine Independence from the united states of america in 1946.

Col. Antonio Torres --- the first Filipino chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1935. and he declared Manila as an open city (DEC.8,1941)

Gen. Arthur McArthur (father of Douglas MacArthur) - first District Director of Metropolitan Police Force .

P/Dir Gen. Cesar Nazareno ---- the first chief of the Philippine National Police .

Captain George Curry -- first chief of Police in Manila

Delilah - who was able to gain info. by using her Beauty and Charm.

Sun Tzu - Art of war

Sir Arthur Wellesly - Greatest military Spymaster at All time.

Frederick the Great - father of organized military espionage.

Karl Schulmeister - "Napoleon's Eye"

Joseph Petrosino - pioneer in the fight against organized crime.

Herbert Yardley - the american black chamber.

Akbar - 'the great Mogul'

Alfred Redl - a Homosexual double spy who while working as intilligence direct proof Austria and Hungary,spied the Russian.

National in scope --- means that the PNP is a nationwide government org. Whose jurisdiction covers the entire breadth of the Philippine archipelago .

Civilian in character --- means membership in the PNP is by virtue of one's qualification as set by the law.

1:500 --- Nationwide average

1:1000 --- minimum police-to- population ratio

POLICE greek word "POLIS" means "city-state"
- another Greek word POLITEIA means "government of the city"

POLITIA (roman) means "condition of the state or government "

POLICE (French) means "Person who enforced the law" and it was later adopted by the English language.

Officer de la paix --- French term which claimed to be origin of the term Police officer.

Commanding officer -- officer who is in command of the department ,a bureau ,a division ,an area ,or district.

Superior officer --- one having supervisory responsibilities ,either temporarily or permanently over officers of lower rank

Sworn officers -- all personnel of the police department who have oath and who possess the power to arrest.

Ranking officer -- officer who has the more senior rank in team.

Length of service -- period of time that has elapsed since the oath of office was administered .

Sick leave -- period which an officer is escused from active duty by reason of illness or injury

Suspension -- a consequence of an act which temporarily deprives an officer from the privilege of performing his duties as result of violating directives.

Span of control -- maximum number of subordinates that a superior can effectively supervise

Delegation of authority --- conferring of certain specified authority by a superior to subordinate

Chain of command -- the arrangent of officers from Top to Bottom on the basis of rank or position and authority .

Unity of command -- should onle be ONE MAN commanding the unit to ensure uniformity in the ex*****on of orders.

Scalar Principle -- defines an unbroken chain of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the Flow of Authrity

Promotion -- upward movement from one classification or rank to another carrying higher benefits and more responsibility .

Regular Promotion -- promotion granted to police officers meeting the mandatory requirements for promotion .

Compulsory -- upon reaching the age FIFTY SIX (56) .the age if retirement .

Optional -- upon completion of TWENTY (20) YEARS of active service

Inductive reasoning --- moves from specific to more general.

Deductive -- it moves from general to the specific .

SOP 1 - POLICE BEAT PATROL PROCEDURES
SOP 2 - BANTAY KALYE
SOP 3 - SIYASAT
SOP 4 - REACT 166
SOP 5 - LIGTAS (ANTI-KIDNAPPING)
SOP 6 - ANTI CARNAPPING
SOP 7 - ANTI TERRORISM
SOP 8 - JOINT ANTI BANK ROBBERY
SOP 9 - ANTI HIGHJACKING/HIGHWAY ROBBERY
SOP 12 - ANTI ILLEGAL GAMBLING
SOP 16 - ANTI PORNOHRAPHY
SOP 19 - ANTI ILLEGAL LOGGING
SOP 20 - ANTI ILLEGAL FISHING
SOP 21 - ANTI ILLEGAL DRUGS

10-0 - caution
10-1 - unable to copy/change loc
10-4 - Acknowledgment
10-12 - stand by
10-50 - accident
10-52 - ambulance needed
10-74 - negative

20 feet or more - outside

50 feet or more - Inside

Mercury V***r Lamps - blue green color

Sodium V***r Lamp - yellow light

Quarts lamp - very bright white light

For PSAs -- minimum of 200 and maximum of 1000

For CSFs -- minimum of 30 and maximum of 1000

100-199 guards - P 50,000.00
200-499 guards - P 100,000.00
500-799 guards - P 150,000.00
800-1000 guards - P 200,000.00

Patrol - (French) "Patrouiller" means to go through paddles;to travel on foot.

PNP RANK Classification and its counterpart in the MILITARY

-Director general--- General
-Deputy Director Gen--- Lt.Gen
-Director --Major General
-ChiefSuperintendent -- Brigadier General
-SeniorSuperintendent -- Colonel
-Superintendent -- Lt. Colonel
-Chief Inspector-- Major
-Senior inspector -- Cap
Greek-politeia
Roman-politia
French-police

-
Nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege” – meaning there is no crime when there is no law punishing such act.

“Actus me invitus factus non est meus actus” -- “An act done by me against my will is not my act”

While ignorance of the law excuses no one (ignorantia lege neminem excusat),

a mistake of fact excuses the actor from liability (ignoranti facti excusat).

“Non facit reum nisi mens sit rea” (an act does not make the doer guilty, unless the mind is guilty.)

“Dura Lex Sed Lex” (The law is harsh but it is the law.)

“El que es causa dela causa es causa del mal causado” (He who is the cause of the cause is the cause of the evil cause.)

“Mens rea” ( Evil intent)

Bill of attainder = a legislative act that inflicts punishment without trial. Its essence being the substitution of legislative fiat for a judicial determination of guil

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