10/01/2025
"Origin of the Balangao People
The Balangao, also known as Balangaw, Bala Ngad, Bontoc, or Bali Wen, are an indigenous group primarily located in the eastern Mountain Province of the Central Cordillera region in the Philippines, specifically in the municipalities of Barlig, Natonin, and parts of Paracelis. Their distinct culture has evolved over time, influenced by both internal and external factors.
Historical Accounts and Theories
According to oral histories passed down through generations, the Balangao are believed to have originated from a blend of different groups. One prominent theory suggests that after the Gaddang people of Cagayan were defeated by Spanish colonizers in the 17th century, they fled to the mountains and intermarried with the existing inhabitants of the area, including the Ifugao, Kalinga, and Bontoc peoples. This intermingling of cultures and languages over centuries resulted in the development of the unique Balangao identity.
Linguistic and Cultural Distinctiveness
The Balangao language, also called Balangao, is closely related to other Central Cordillera languages such as Bontoc, Kalinga, and Ifugao. However, significant linguistic differences suggest a long period of independent development, indicating a distinct cultural trajectory separate from their neighbors. While sharing similarities in physical characteristics with neighboring tribes, their beliefs, rituals, songs, and dances maintain a unique character.
Contemporary Balangao Society
Today, the Balangao population is approximately 7,000. Their primary livelihood is agriculture, particularly wet-rice terrace farming and swidden cultivation of root crops. They are also skilled in crafts such as weaving, bamboo and rattan work, and blacksmithing. Modernization and education are gradually impacting traditional aspects of their society, leading to a dynamic evolution of their culture.
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