12/04/2025
🍁 Autumn Phenology Observations
The leaves have started falling, the days are getting shorter, and cosy evenings are upon us. Here are a few of my Autumn observations.
🌳 Trees & Plants
Leaves changing colour – golds, reds, oranges, especially in deciduous trees like maples, birch, and liquidambar.
Leaf fall beginning or peaking.
Slower growth in perennials and vegetables.
Bulbs like daffodils, tulips, and garlic being planted.
Seed pods forming or drying (e.g., kowhai, harakeke/flax).
Late flowers on hardy plants like dahlias, salvias, chrysanthemums.
Fruit ripening – feijoas, apples, pears, persimmons.
🐦 Birds
Tūī feeding more on late blooms or fruiting trees.
Birds forming small flocks (e.g., silvereyes, starlings).
Less frequent dawn chorus as breeding season ends.
Birds beginning to migrate (species dependent).
🐛 Insects
Fewer butterflies and bees as temperatures drop.
Monarch chrysalides in sheltered spots.
Praying mantises visible and active on warm afternoons.
Weta seeking shelter under bark or logs.
Last of the hoverflies and ladybirds on autumn flowers.
🌾 Garden Changes
Compost heaps warming up with added leaf litter.
Soil holding moisture longer after rains.
Fungus and mushrooms appearing, especially in mulched or shaded areas.
Earthworms and slaters more visible under plant pots and logs.
🌙 Seasonal Cues
Shortening daylight hours.
Dew-heavy mornings and cooler evenings.
More frequent fog or mist in valleys and low-lying areas.
First frosts in colder regions by late autumn.