Dzuka Publishing, Ginnery Corner, Scott Road, Private Bag 39, Blantyre (2024)

06/07/2023

31/05/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

With Macdonald Thom

PHRASES 3

Verbal Phrases
Phrases are grouped into two: prepositional phrases and verbal phrases. We looked
at prepositional phrases.

‘English Grammar for Schools’ provides details of all the phrases.
For verbal phrases, the book says it is a group of related words which contains a
participle, a gerund or an infinitive.

Infinitive phrases
These are phrases which contain infinitives. They can be used as noun phrases,
adjectives or adverbs.
Examples:
i. To pass examinations is our goal. (infinitive phrase, used as noun phrase,
subject of the verb ‘is’)
ii. Tamanda wants to become an accountant. (infinitive phrase, used as noun
phrase, object of the verb ‘wants’
iii. His ambition, to become a successful businessman, has been fulfilled
(infinitive phrase, used as noun phrase, in apposition to noun ‘ambition’)
iv. His plan to cheat us failed (infinitive phrase, used as adjectival phrase,
qualifying the noun ‘plan’)
v. Chimwemwe went to England to study Linguistics (Infinitive phrase, used
as adverb phrase, modifying the verb ‘went’

Participle phrases
A participle phrase is a group of related words which contains a participle. Participle
phrases can be used as adjectival phrases.
Examples:
i. The man looking at us is dangerous (qualifies the noun ‘man’)
ii. Singing happily, Ebenezer arrived home (qualifies the noun ‘Ebenezer)
iii. The visitor brought by the driver is drunk (qualifies the noun ‘visitor’)
Gerund phrases

A gerund phrase is a group of related words that contains a gerund. It can be used
as a noun and as an adjective.
Examples:
i. Watching football matches is becoming dangerous these days. (Gerund
phrase used as noun phrase, subject of the verb ‘is’)
ii. Some people still enjoy watching football (gerund phrase used as noun
phrase, object of the verb ‘enjoy’)
iii. Peace in watching football (is good gerund phrase used as noun phrase as
an adjectival phrase, qualifying the noun ‘peace’)

Task
Underline and name infinitive, participle and gerund phrases in the following
sentences. In each case, state their function:
1. To win a prize is the most important thing.
2. The signing of the document was an important occasion.
3. Running to her mother, the little girl began to cry.
4. Your offer to help me is most welcome.
5. Careful reading is required.
6. His hobby is hunting rabbits.
7. To worry about exams is natural.
8. I enjoyed spending my holiday with my mother.
9. Does she want to talk to me?
10. He enjoys playing football.

Responses to Task A s on Phrases 1.
Task A.
1. The girl across the road is my sister. (qualifies noun ‘girl’)
2. The house near the market is mine. (qualifies noun
3. The accident in the busy street was quite serious. (qualifies noun ‘accident’)
4. Please plant some flowers in the beds. (qualifies noun ‘flowers’)
5. The woman with a basket is going to the market. (qualifies noun ‘woman’)
6. He is a person of great personality. (qualifies noun ‘person’)
7. The book on the table belongs to my son. (qualifies noun ‘book’)
8. The actor on stage looks nervous. (qualifies noun ‘actor’)
9. The girl behind the pastor is my daughter. (qualifies noun ‘girl’)
10. The prisoner was locked in a room with small windows. (qualifies noun
‘room’)

Reference: English Grammar for Schools

26/04/2023

EDUCATION CORNER
With Macdonald Thom

PHRASES
A phrase is a group of related words which does not include a finite verb.

Examples:
i. The boy in the house is sick.
ii. He was hit along the street.
iii. She swam across the river.

There are two types of phrases:
1. Prepositional phrases
2. Verbal phrases

Prepositional phrases
A prepositional phrase is a group of words which begins with a preposition and ends
with a noun or a pronoun, but does not include a finite verb.
It usually does the work of an adjective or an adverb. When it does the work of an
adjective it is called an adjectival phrase and when it does the work of an adverb it
is call an adverbial phrase.

a. Adjectival phrases

Adjectival phrases qualify nouns in sentences.
Examples:
i. The uniform for the dance was bought in Blantyre. (the phrase ‘for the
dance’ qualifies the noun ‘uniform’)
ii. She is a woman of great respect. (The underlined phrase qualifies the
noun ‘woman’)
iii. We spent a night at a lodge near the stadium. (The underlined phrase
qualifies the noun ‘lodge’)
iv. The bicycle with two mirrors is mine (the underlined phrase qualifies the
noun ‘bicycle’)
v. The hut with a leaking roof was demolished. (The underlined phrase
qualifies the noun ‘hut’)

Task A

In the following sentences, underline adjectival phrases and say which noun each
qualifies:
1. The girl across the road is my sister.
2. The house near the market is mine.
3. The accident in the busy street was quite serious.
4. Please plant some flowers in the beds.
5. The woman with a basket is going to the market.
6. He is a person of great personality.
7. The book on the table belongs to my son.
8. The actor on stage looks nervous.
9. The girl behind the pastor is my daughter.
10. The prisoner was locked in a room with small windows.

b. Adverbial phrases

An adverbial phrase is a group of related words, without a finite verb, which does
the work of an adverb. Adverbial phrases are also classified depending on what type
of adverbs they are functioning like.
Therefore, we can have adverbial phrase of time, manner, place etc

Examples
i. The book is under the table. (adverbial phrase of place, modifies the verb
‘is’)
ii. The birds perched in the maize field. (adverbial phrase of place, modifies
the verb ‘perched’)
iii. The accident occurred on a lonely road (adverbial phrase of place,
modifies the verb ‘occurred’)
iv. The bus will arrive in the afternoon. (adverbial phrase of time, modifies
the verb ‘will arrive’)
v. She left the house in a hurry (adverbial phrase of manner, modifies the
verb ‘left’).

Task B

In the following sentences, underline adverbial phrases, say what kind each is and
name the verb it modifies.

1. Zikomo did the work with great thoroughness.
2. We will visit them during the week.
3. Rain fell throughout the night.
4. He drove the car at a great speed.
5. I left the key on top of the table.
6. He arrived in the early hours of the morning.
7. Do you come from this district?
8. The cat is hiding under the table.
9. There is a river near the school.
10. After a long wait, we got into the market.

Reference:
English Grammar for Schools

23/03/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

WITH SUNGENI KASOLOKA

COMPUTER NETWORKS

Definition of a Computer Network
A computer network is when you have two or more computers connected to each other.

The purpose of a network is to enable the sharing of files and information between multiple systems. Computer networks can be connected through cables, such as Ethernet cables or phone lines, or wirelessly, using wireless networking cards that send and receive data through the air. The internet could be described as a global network of networks.

Types of Computer Networks
Computer networks are categorised according to theirr scope, size and scale. The common types of computer networks are:

a. Local Area Network (LAN) -A Local Area Network (LAN) connects network devices over a relatively short device. A networked office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN and occasionally a LAN will span a group of nearby buildings.

b. Wide Area Network (WAN)-Wide Area Network (WAN) spans a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN. It is a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs.One of the differences between a WAN and a LAN is that most WANs are not owned by any one organisation but rather exist under collective or distributed ownership and management.

c. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)-This is a LAN based on a WI-FI wireless network technology.

d. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)- This is a network that spans a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city. It is typically owned and operated by a single entity like a government or a large corporation.

e. Campus Area Network (CAN)- This is a network that spans multiple LANs but it is smaller than a MAN, such as on a universit or local business campus.

f. Storage Area Network (SAN)- This network connects servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fiber Channel. It is found in a data centre or a computer room of an organisation.

LAN and WAN were the original categories of computer networks that were built due to the areas that they covered. The other categories have gradually emerged over many years of technology evolution.

TASK
1. Identify some of the benefits of having computers in a network.

SOURCE
Practice Computer Studies Students Book 4 by Kanthambi P.J

16/03/2023

PRACTICE COMPUTER STUDIES BOOK 4

Every unit in Practice Computer studies Student Book 4 has been enriched with the following elements:

1. Clearly laid our success criteria

2. Numerous activities supported by clear instructions and explanations to accompany the discussion of every success criteria.

3. Illustrations that are relevant to the Students background and setting

4. "Critical review" feature which immediately reviews the Students understanding of the unit and test the Students ability to think "outside the box"

5. Summaries and glossary of key concepts

6. End of term assessment unit as an added value

NB: BUY ONE BOOK AND GET ONE FOR FREE!!

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10/03/2023

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08/03/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

WITH SUNGENI KASOLOKA

AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES
An agro-based industry is an enterprise that processes or manufactures a crop into refined products to add value to the crop. In addition to adding value, refined products can be stored for a long time and they are easy to package for distribution across the country. Examples of agro-based industries include tea factories that process tea into tea leaves, the cotton weaving industry which manufactures cotton textiles and fabrics from cotton lint, the dairy industry which processes milk into other products, and the fermentation industry which produces alcohol which is blended with petrol.

AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES IN MALAWI
There are many agro-based industries in Malawi. They are based in areas where crops of interest are grown on a large scale to make it cheaper to process them. Below is a brief description of some of them.

a. The Tea Industry: It is made up of tea companies that grow tea in Mulanje, Thyolo and Nkhatabay. These companies pluck and process the tea leaves under expert supervision until the tea we use in our cups is produced. Most of the tea is consumed locally, however, some of it is also exported.

b. The Sugar Industry: There are two sugar estates in Malawi. The main one is at Nchalo in Chikhwawa and the second one is at Dwangwa in Nkhotakota. Both of these estates are run by Illovo Company. They crush sugarcane to manufacture sugar. Their main product is sugar but they also produce ethanol, an alcohol which is blended with petrol for running cars.

c. The Cotton Weaving Industry: This is called Mapeto Ltd. It is the former David Whitehead Cotton Textiles Company which is involved in the manufacturing of textiles and fabrics from cotton fibres after removing seeds. It is based in Blantyre.

d. The Dairy Industry: This is a company that is based in Blantyre and processes milk into other components like milk itself put in packets, butter, cheese, and yoghurt. It is called ‘Dairibord Malawi’.

e. The Fermentation Industry: There is a plant at Dwanga Sugar Company which uses the by-products of the sugar manufacturing process to produce alcohol called ‘ethanol’. Other fermentation industries include beer brewing companies like Chibuku. In Chibuku, there is the fermentation of sorghum, a tropical cereal to produce beer, which is known as ‘Chibuku’.

TASK
1. What do you think is the role of agro-based industries in supporting the growing population in Malawi?
2. During the mango season, tons of mangoes get rotten and thrown away. Suggest ways of alleviating this problem.

SOURCE
Practice Agriculture Student’s Book 1 by Banda H.P, Mkamanga Y.G and Zambezi T.B

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23/02/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

WITH SUNGENI KASOLOKA

ROCKS
The earth is made up of several concentric layers. These are the core or the barysphere, the mantle or the mesosphere and the crust also known as the lithosphere. The lithosphere is made up of two materials which are rocks and minerals.

Types of Rocks
There are three main types of rocks and they include sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks.

a.Sedimentary Rocks
These rocks cover 75% of the earth’s surface but make up only 5% of the volume of the lithosphere. These rocks are products of weathering. Solid rock is broken into small particles called sediments or clastics. Others may be formed by chemical and organic processes. The chemical rocks are often referred to as hydrogenic particularly if they are formed in water. The organic ones are called biogenic or carbonaceous rocks.

Clastic rocks

Existing rocks→ Weathering→ Transportation by wind, water, glaciers
↓
Deposition in a geosyncline
↓
Sedimentary rocks ← Lithification ← Compaction

The sediments are deposited in a geosyncline (sea and oceans bordering the continents) where they are squeezed and lithified or cemented together to form hard rocks. Clastic rocks are named according to the size and shape of their sediments.

Nonclastic rocks
They include precipitates such as calcite, evaporates such as salt, and organic deposits such as coal and limestone. Nonclastic rocks are named according to their composition.

Characteristics of Sedimentary Rocks
1. They are layered, particularly the clastic rocks
2. They contain fossils
3. They are non-crystalline, particularly the clastic rocks

b. Igneous rocks
The name igneous comes from the Latin word ignis which means fire. These rocks are solidified from molten magma. They may be solidified after reaching the earth’s surface hence being called lava, volcanic or extrusive rocks. They may also be solidified in channels connecting the molten magma reservoirs with the exterior. The rocks formed are called hypabyssal rocks. Lastly, they can be solidified well below the surface under pressure and they are known as intrusive, plutonic or abyssal rocks.

Characteristics of Igneous rocks
1. The rocks are crystalline
2. They are non-stratified
3. They do not contain fossils

TASK
1 Discuss the examples of clastic and nonclastic sedimentary rocks by completing the table below:
CLASTIC

NAME TEXTURE COMPOSITION
1. Sandstone ------------------- Quartz
2. ---------------- Microscopic grains Mostly clay, mica
3. Sandstone ------------------- -----------------

NONCLASTIC

NAME TEXTURE COMPOSITION
1. Cherts Microscopic crystals --------------------
2. Rock salt ----------------------- --------------------
3. -------------- Cubic crystals Halite

SOURCE
Physical Geography A school Certificate Course by Phiri F.R
(You can get a copy of this book at Dzuka Bookshop)

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09/02/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

WITH SUNGENI KASOLOKA

AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES
An agro-based industry is an enterprise that processes or manufactures a crop into refined products to add value to the crop. In addition to adding value, refined products can be stored for a long time and they are easy to package for distribution across the country. Examples of agro-based industries include tea factories that process tea into tea leaves, the cotton weaving industry which manufactures cotton textiles and fabrics from cotton lint, the dairy industry which processes milk into other products, and the fermentation industry which produces alcohol which is blended with petrol.

AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES IN MALAWI
There are many agro-based industries in Malawi. They are based in areas where crops of interest are grown on a large scale to make it cheaper to process them. Below is a brief description of some of them.

a. The Tea Industry: It is made up of tea companies that grow tea in Mulanje, Thyolo and Nkhatabay. These companies pluck and process the tea leaves under expert supervision until the tea we use in our cups is produced. Most of the tea is consumed locally, however, some of it is also exported.

b. The Sugar Industry: There are two sugar estates in Malawi. The main one is at Nchalo in Chikhwawa and the second one is at Dwangwa in Nkhotakota. Both of these estates are run by Illovo Company. They crush sugarcane to manufacture sugar. Their main product is sugar but they also produce ethanol, an alcohol which is blended with petrol for running cars.

c. The Cotton Weaving Industry: This is called Mapeto Ltd. It is the former David Whitehead Cotton Textiles Company which is involved in the manufacturing of textiles and fabrics from cotton fibres after removing seeds. It is based in Blantyre.

d. The Dairy Industry: This is a company that is based in Blantyre and processes milk into other components like milk itself put in packets, butter, cheese, and yoghurt. It is called ‘Dairibord Malawi’.

e. The Fermentation Industry: There is a plant at Dwanga Sugar Company which uses the by-products of the sugar manufacturing process to produce alcohol called ‘ethanol’. Other fermentation industries include beer brewing companies like Chibuku. In Chibuku, there is the fermentation of sorghum, a tropical cereal to produce beer, which is known as ‘Chibuku’.

TASK
1. What do you think is the role of agro-based industries in supporting the growing population in Malawi?
2. During the mango season, tons of mangoes get rotten and thrown away. Suggest ways of alleviating this problem.

SOURCE
Practice Agriculture Student’s Book 1 by Banda H.P, Mkamanga Y.G and Zambezi T.B

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30/01/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

With Macdonald Thom

PHRASES
A phrase is a group of related words which does not include a finite verb.
Examples:
i. The boy in the house is sick.
ii. He was hit along the street.
iii. She swam across the river.

There are two types of phrases:
1. Prepositional phrases
2. Verbal phrases

Prepositional phrases
A prepositional phrase is a group of words which begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun, but does not include a finite verb.
It usually does the work of an adjective or an adverb. When it does the work of an adjective it is called an adjectival phrase and when it does the work of an adverb it is call an adverbial phrase.

a. Adjectival phrases
Adjectival phrases qualify nouns in sentences.
Examples:
i. The uniform for the dance was bought in Blantyre. (the phrase ‘for the dance’ qualifies the noun ‘uniform’)
ii. She is a woman of great respect. (The underlined phrase qualifies the noun ‘woman’)
iii. We spent a night at a lodge near the stadium. (The underlined phrase qualifies the noun ‘lodge’)
iv. The bicycle with two mirrors is mine (the underlined phrase qualifies the noun ‘bicycle’)
v. The hut with a leaking roof was demolished. (The underlined phrase qualifies the noun ‘hut’)

Task A
In the following sentences, underline adjectival phrases and say which noun each qualifies:
1. The girl across the road is my sister.
2. The house near the market is mine.
3. The accident in the busy street was quite serious.
4. Please plant some flowers in the beds.
5. The woman with a basket is going to the market.
6. He is a person of great personality.
7. The book on the table belongs to my son.
8. The actor on stage looks nervous.
9. The girl behind the pastor is my daughter.
10. The prisoner was locked in a room with small windows.

b. Adverbial phrases
An adverbial phrase is a group of related words, without a finite verb, which does the work of an adverb. Adverbial phrases are also classified depending on what type of adverbs they are functioning like.
Therefore, we can have adverbial phrase of time, manner, place etc
Examples
i. The book is under the table. (adverbial phrase of place, modifies the verb ‘is’)
ii. The birds perched in the maize field. (adverbial phrase of place, modifies the verb ‘perched’)
iii. The accident occurred on a lonely road (adverbial phrase of place, modifies the verb ‘occurred’)
iv. The bus will arrive in the afternoon. (adverbial phrase of time, modifies the verb ‘will arrive’)
v. She left the house in a hurry (adverbial phrase of manner, modifies the verb ‘left’).

Task B
In the following sentences, underline adverbial phrases, say what kind each is and name the verb it modifies.
1. Zikomo did the work with great thoroughness.
2. We will visit them during the week.
3. Rain fell throughout the night.
4. He drove the car at a great speed.
5. I left the key on top of the table.
6. He arrived in the early hours of the morning.
7. Do you come from this district?
8. The cat is hiding under the table.
9. There is a river near the school.
10. After a long wait, we got into the market.

Source: English Grammar for Schools by Banda M.A

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24/01/2023

EDUCATION CORNER

WITH SUNGENI KASOLOKA

To all our Facebook followers, as one way of promoting reading culture, we will be having lessons from different subjects for both junior and senior secondary school, quizzes, and many others. We encourage you to ask questions and suggest topics you find most difficult so that we can discuss them here. Don’t forget to LIKE and SHARE the page. We have different prizes for active participants.

USING SPREADSHEETS

A. Definition of a SPREADSHEET
A spreadsheet is a computer programme for organising and analysing data in a tabular form. Data in a spreadsheet is entered and stored in a grid of rows and columns. Columns are lines that go down a page (vertical) and in a spreadsheet, these lines are labelled with letters (A, B, C, D,…). Rows are lines that go across a page (horizontal) and are labelled using numbers (1,2,3,…).
In a spreadsheet, the specific location where a row and a column intersect is known as a cell. A cell is referenced by a combination of a letter and a number. This is the case because spreadsheets use numbers to define rows and letters to define columns. For example, cell A3 is located in the first column (A) and the third row (3) of a spreadsheet. Cell B3 would be immediate to the right of A3 and cell A4 would be directly below A3.

B. Types of a spreadsheet
Several spreadsheet programmes are used. The most commonly used spreadsheet application is Microsoft Excel. Others include Microsoft Works, Lotus 1-2-3 and Apple Works and Numbers for Mac OS X.

C. Features of a spreadsheet
Some common features of a typical spreadsheet software include:
1. Capability to store a spreadsheet file on primary storage e.g hard disk of the computer or on secondary storage e.g flash disk
2. Editing data in a spreadsheet
3. Rearranging the spreadsheet (inserting/ deleting rows or columns)
4. Automatic recalculation of formulae once the data in the cell contained in the formulae are changed
5. Using built-in functions- these functions include financial, logical, text, date, time, mathematical, statistical, and engineering, among others. For example, there is a function that can do compound interest calculations
6. Printing spreadsheet data

D. Benefits of a spreadsheet
Before the invention of computers, people used calculators, slide rules and paper to calculate anything mathematical. In organisations, businesses and banks, all financial transactions were recorded by hand into accounting books. This used to take a lot of time and was prone to errors. This has changed with the coming of computers and their software like spreadsheets. Spreadsheets have become common in organisations since they are excellent at handling huge volumes of data such as sales, engineering or financial data.

Some of the benefits of using spreadsheets are:
1. Users can store data and retrieve it later
2. Complex calculations and data manipulation can be performed very quickly through the usage of a formula
3. By using a formula you can change a variable and the calculation will automatically be updated
4. Professional-looking graphs and charts can be created very quickly from a range of data which allows you to view the data pictorially
5. Budgets can be easily done using a spreadsheet
6. Spreadsheets can be used to store and keep track of huge volumes of data like financial transactions, inventory and stock flow.

TASK
1. On a piece of paper, do the following:
a. Draw a spreadsheet with five rows and four columns
b. Mark the row numbers and the column letters
c. Shade cells A2, B4 and C3
2. Why is it necessary to have a print feature in a spreadsheet?
3. Discuss how organisations can use a spreadsheet to calculate their payroll.

SOURCE
Practice Computer Studies Students Book 3 by Kanthambi P.J

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11/01/2023

Dzuka Bookshop is NOW OPEN. At the bookshop, you will find ALL recommended and approved Secondary School textbooks from ALL Publishers.
To celebrate the opening, there is a BACK TO SCHOOL promotion where you “ Buy 2 and get 1 for free”. Schools buying school sets will get a special discount and a free carton of supplementary books for the library.
The bookshop is located at Times Group premises at Ginnery Corner, opening hours 8 am- 5 pm from Monday to Friday and Saturday 9 am-12:30 pm. For more information contact us on 0996 61 55 81.

13/09/2022

We are back on the market.
Parents/ guardians, teachers
TITLE OF BOOK Practice Agriculture Students Book 1 Practice Biology Students Book 1 Junior Certificate Biology Senior certificate Biology students book3 Practice Bible Knowledge student Practice Bible Knowledge MSCE SB Zofunika mu Galama ya Chichewa Practice Computer studies students 3 Practice Computer studies students 4 English Grammar for schools Practice Life skills students book JC Practice Physical Education Book 1 Social studies Junior Secondary 1 Social studies Junior secondary 2 Practice Social Studies students book 1 Practice Social Studies students book 3 Practice Social Studies Students book 4
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