Vallway Research

04/12/2022

https://vallway.org/vw-engineering-international/a-comparative-study-on-effect-of-bitumen-emulsion-cement-and-lime-on-soil-stabilization/

Soil is the basic foundation for any civil engineering structures and is one of nature’s most abundant construction materials for base. The most important part of a road pavement is subgrade soil and its strength. It is required to bear the loads without failure. If strength of soil is poor, then ...

04/12/2022

Study of the performance of lime and flyash as soil subgrade stabilizing agents

Inefficient soil characteristics are a major problem in engineering projects today. Sometimes the first stage in the building is to change the characteristics of inappropriate soil. Early signs of degradation in pavement structures on low soil subgrades include pavement that fails too soon. The pote...

04/12/2022

Studying the effect of partial replacement of coarse aggregates in PCC by waste tire rubber aggregates in the case of rigid pavements

In this research work, our emphasis is laid on the employment of rubber tire aggregates( 5% min & 15% max) by partially replacing the coarser rock aggregates in plain cement concrete in the case of rigid pavements. To get the maximum possible outcome it is very much advised to treat the rubber tire....

04/12/2022

https://vallway.org/vw-applied-sciences/the-methodology-used-to-simulate-the-steelmaking-process/

The current work explains how molten steel flows, transfers heat, solidifies, forms the shell through solidification and coupling, and more. The continuous casting process is currently a trusted industrial method for the manufacture of steel. Numerous complex processes involving fluid flow, heat transport, and structural deformation are a part of the continuous casting process. Since metallurgical techniques have recently advanced, the continuous casting process has taken over as the primary way to make steel. Steel producers are always looking for innovative, more productive manufacturing techniques in order to achieve efficient and effective output.

Because of the research that has been done over the past three decades, continuous casting is now a complex and cutting-edge technique. This study has referenced the critical numerical modeling approach of the continuous casting process. The current work explains how molten steel flows, transfers he...

12/10/2022

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07/10/2022

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07/10/2022

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07/07/2020

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18/06/2020

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02/04/2020

02/04/2020

Mathematical Modeling of the Land Model on Human Myocyte

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/36

Mathematical Modeling of the Land Model on Human Myocyte Article Sidebar PDF Published: Apr 1, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v2i1.36 Keywords: Mathematical modeling, Cardiac cell, Land model, Human myocyte Main Article Content Fisal Asiri Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia Abstr...

23/01/2020

Effect of Active Water Cooling on the Performance of PV Module Using Steel Channels

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/30

Effect of Active Water Cooling on the Performance of PV Module Using Steel Channels Article Sidebar PDF Published: Jan 12, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v2i1.30 Keywords: Active Cooling Technique, Photovoltaic Performance, Green and Alternative Energy Scope Main Article Content Muham...

25/11/2019

Title: Effect of Un-reinforced Masonry Infills on Seismic Performance of Hill Buildings

Abstract: The present study investigates the influence of un-reinforced masonry infill panels on the seismic performance of stepback and stepback-setback hill building configurations. Masonry infills are often used for partition in RC frame construction and its significance as a structural element in the analysis and design is generally neglected. Thus, to observe the structural effect on the seismic response of hill buildings, masonry infill panels are modelled as diagonal struts and analysed as truss elements. In all, sixteen models with and without masonry infills are modelled and analyzed by using response spectrum method and dynamic properties are presented and compared within considered configurations. It is observed that masonry infills not only reduce overall storey drift and base shear at different foundation levels but also increase the shear demand in the surrounding frame due to high lateral stiffness when subjected seismic loads. It is concluded that the masonry infill panels entirely change the seismic response of a building and thus, it is important to incorporate these elements in the analysis and design of the building structure, in order to understand the true structural response.

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/29

Effect of Un-reinforced Masonry Infills on Seismic Performance of Hill Buildings Article Sidebar PDF Published: Nov 24, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.29 Keywords: Hill buildings, Stepback and Stepback-setback, Masonry infill panels, Equivalent diagonal strut model, Response Spec...

07/10/2019

Scour Downstream of a Corrugated Apron under Free Jets

The performance of corrugated apron under free flow subcritical condition over the apron was evaluated experimentally. Compared to the smooth rigid apron, the scour depth increased with the application of corrugated apron under the free flow of jets. Velocity and turbulence characteristics, as well as Reynolds shear stress over smooth and corrugated aprons, were also studied. Rate of increase of turbulence intensity in the scour hole due to smooth apron was found to be higher than scour hole due to corrugated apron. Scour downstream of corrugated apron clearly shows three distinct regions: jet diffusion, transition, and the accelerating region as well as the recirculating region at the near-bed of the scour hole.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/5

Scour Downstream of a Corrugated Apron under Free Jets Article Sidebar PDF Published: Sep 16, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.5 Keywords: Corrugated apron, Froude number, Scour, Wall jets, Free surface flow Main Article Content Rakesh Kumar Chaudhary Indian Institute of Technology...

04/10/2019

Mathematical Modeling of General Muscle Contraction

Mathematical modeling of the Hill model, the Huxley model for excitation-contraction phenomena in single cardiac cells have been studied. The functionality of the heart is enabled by the cardiac muscles that contract to promote the flow of blood to diff t parts of the body. As a starting point, descriptions of fundamental models were obtained along with their underlying mathematical modeling describing the processes behind excitation and contraction in cardiac cells. The Hill model representing muscle behavior, as well as the Hodgkin-Huxley model representing excitation, are fully considered due to their significance in mathematical physiology literature and as the basis for many models of cells. The Hill model was examined based on the outcome of the mathematical analysis of the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The Hill model establishes the relation- ship between force and velocity in the cardiac myocytes. However, the Hill model is limited by the absence of the interaction of the sarcomere elements in its development. The Hill model was developed before the details of the sarcomere anatomy were known, and was based on Hill’s observations that when a muscle contracts against a constant load, the relationship between the constant rate of shortening velocity and the load is well described by the force-velocity equation.

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/20

03/10/2019

Household Power generation and Physical Training system

Abstract: The modern challenges faced with the global energy situation is the growing energy demand and the strong dependence on unsustainable fossil fuels. Another concurrent issue is the adverse health and socio-economic implications of adult obesity. To address the challenges of health and energy we design a physical fitness and power generation exercise machine, which uses metabolized human energy to generate electrical power. Usually, the energy expended in a typical workout at the gym is wasted in the mechanics of the equipment. In this paper we harnessed the mechanical energy of the machine and convert it into electrical energy using a generator-based system along with the system of measuring and then displaying the various important parameters of human body i.e. pulse rate, weight, calories during the exercise through the various sensors attached on the different positions of the exercise machine. All applicable information regarding the design, development, and the final product is presented in this paper. Through this research one can develop engineering skills while learning about a clean way of generating electricity along taking care of his physical fitness by knowing about the health-related parameters of his body.

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/15

Household Power generation and Physical Training system Article Sidebar PDF Published: Sep 27, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.jeit.v1i1.15 Keywords: Alternate Current, Direct Current, Liquid Crystal Display Main Article Content Malik Qamer Hayat University of Engineering and Technology, Taxil...

02/10/2019

Characterization of Mechanical Properties on Magnesium Hybrid Composites for Bio-Medical Applications

Abstract
Over the past centuries, there is a considerable development in the medical field. There is a lot of development in surgery and prosthetic fields. For this purpose, a lot of materials are used as implants for replacing them in place of damaged parts. These materials are called biomaterials. It has been observed that one of the most important properties governing the suitability of the material to be a bio implant is ‘wear resistance’ ‘Corrosion Resistance’. This paper explains about mechanical properties on Magnesium hybrid composites for biomedical applications.

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/14

Characterisation of Mechanical Properties on Magnesium Hybrid Composites for Bio-Medical Applications Article Sidebar Published: Sep 27, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.14 Keywords: Die-casting, Bio-materials, Bio-medicals, Hybrid-composites Main Article Content Praveen Math Schoo...

01/10/2019

Read an article from the Department of Computer, Technische Universitat, Chemnitz, Germany.

"Impedance Measurement System for Bio-Impedance Spectroscopy Using Under Sampling"

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/17

28/09/2019

"Modeling of Human Myocyte Active Contraction: A Review"

Abstract: The paper presents the mathematical modeling of the excitation-contraction phenomena in single cardiac cells. Particular emphasis was placed on three models: the Hill model, the Huxley model, and the Land model. Further literature was reviewed concerning the mathematical modeling of the myocyte cardiac cells. This included the Hunter model, which presented the passive-active mechanics of the cardiac muscle suitable for use in the continuum mechanics models of the entire heart; the Rice Filament model, which approximated the activation and generation of force in cardiac myofilaments and; Vasileiou’s work, which described the coupling between mechanical contraction and electrical excitation in cardiac cells. As a starting point, descriptions of fundamental models were obtained along with their underlying mathematical modeling describing the processes behind excitation and contraction in cardiac cells. The Hill model representing muscle behavior, as well as the Hodgkin-Huxley model representing excitation, are fully considered due to their significance in mathematical physiology literature and as the basis for many models of cells.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/16

26/09/2019

Towards Decoupling Computation in BSP Communication

Abstract: In recent times, the Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP) model, which splits the underlying running programs into multiple super-steps, has gain popularity in distributed graph processing systems. However, a high number of message and data exchange in each super-step will create a long epoch of time, often called as network overhead or communication delays. In this paper, we add an additional step in the synchronization phase through decoupling the synchronization into local and global synchronization. This approach moves some of the data and messages exchanged over the network to locally optimized pointers for the next super-step. We prototyped the proposed system and the preliminary evaluation shows decoupled mechanism outperforms baseline system on the average. The system helps eliminate the unnecessary communication between the instances and localize some of the DAG nodes for the next super-step.

http://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/13

25/09/2019

"Impacts of Illegal and Expedient Development on Built Environment"

Abstract: Cities are central to the process of socio-economic growth and innovation. However, when these cities undergo through an unplanned urbanization process, they often molded themselves into numerous urban problems. Once these urban areas are expanding beyond their periphery limits, significant changes in the land-use regulation and violation of the bylaws occur. This may dramatically affect the built environment. Thus, this research is an attempt is to highlight the trends of unplanned urban development and quantify their impacts on the built environment of Qasimabad town in Pakistan. An informal approach of land-use assessment was used to determine changes and its impacts from the years 1988–2013. The study has used a wide range of substantive examples and targeted cases studies, which were helpful to identify urban land-use change and suggested a possible strategy to resolve them. The results illustrated that land-use changes were mainly driven by anthropogenic activities. Results also show the major cause of the land-use change was lack of law and enforcement and proper policies to leverage long-term consequences. Policy implications can be drawn from this research for the future development that should be based on the functionality of the local environment and social aspects of urban areas.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/12

23/09/2019

VW Applied Sciences is poised to be a frontier journal in the area of natural and applied sciences. It is an international journal publishing the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science and technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions.
Scope: The journal covers all aspects of applied biology, applied chemistry, applied physics, and applied engineering. It has 17 Sections: Nanotechnology and Applied Nanoscience, Optics and Lasers, Acoustics and Vibrations, Chemistry, Materials, Energy, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Applied Biosciences and Bio-engineering, Environmental and Sustainable Science and Technology, Quantum Science and Technology, Applied Physics, Earth Sciences and Geography, Civil Engineering, Applied Industrial Technologies, Applied Physics, Life Sciences.

http://vallway.com/appliedsciences.html

VW Applied Sciences

21/09/2019

"Next Generation Networks based implementation of eFax Services"

Published in VW Electronics and Information Technology

Abstract: The aim of electronic Fax (eFax) services is to allow sending and receiving of faxes through the internet. Our implementation involves the development of a Fax server which when included in the IP (Internet Protocol) cloud can help Next Generation Networks (NGN) provide eFax services to its customers. We have implemented a HylaFAX enterprise server which is a telecommunication system for the UNIX environment supporting conversion of fax calls from fax machines to TIFF/PDF format and vice versa. The HylaFAX server is connected to an Asterisk PBX via an IAX channel. Its online interface is through AVANTfax which is a GUI for our server. The server communicates with Group 3 fax machines running T.30 and T.4 along with V.XX modulation schemes connected through Asterisk. It can also connect devices which work on the ITU-T recommendation of real-time FoIP T.38. The complete solution allows users to send/receive faxes to/from other fax numbers through an open-source online interface AVANTfax. The solution presented has the capability to integrate with the Next Generation Network.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/jeit/article/view/7

Next Generation Networks based implementation of eFax Services Article Sidebar pdf Published: Sep 13, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.jeit.v1i1.7 Keywords: AVANTfax, Next Generation Networks (NGN), eFax system Main Article Content Usman Ali Khan National University of Computer and Emerging Sci...

21/09/2019

"Scour Downstream of a Corrugated Apron under Free Jets"

Published in VW Applied Sciences

Abstract: The performance of corrugated apron under free flow subcritical condition over the apron was evaluated experimentally. Compared to the smooth rigid apron, the scour depth increased with the application of corrugated apron under the free flow of jets. Velocity and turbulence characteristics, as well as Reynolds shear stress over smooth and corrugated aprons, were also studied. Rate of increase of turbulence intensity in a scour hole due to smooth apron was found to be higher than scour hole due to corrugated apron. Scour downstream of corrugated apron clearly shows three distinct regions: jet diffusion, transition, and the accelerating region as well as the recirculating region at the near-bed of scour hole.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/5

Scour Downstream of a Corrugated Apron under Free Jets Article Sidebar PDF Published: Sep 16, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.5 Keywords: Corrugated apron, Froude number, Scour, Wall jets, Free surface flow Main Article Content Rakesh Kumar Chaudhary Indian Institute of Technology...

21/09/2019

"CFD simulation of melt and inclusion motion in a mold under the influence of electromagnetic force"

Published in VW Applied Sciences

Abstract: The current scenario of the steel market is expressively changing. The rapid increase in demand for clean and high-quality steel has changed the way of the conventional steelmaking process. The steelmakers are now looking for new technology and processes which can ensure their competitiveness in the market and reduce the carbon emission. The application of electromagnetic forces is among the various new technologies which have been employed for improving quality and efficiency. Among them, electromagnetic braking controls the melt flow velocity and further it reduces the free-surface chaotic velocity profile in a continuous casting mold. In present work, a three-dimensional numerical model has been developed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic forces on melt flow characteristics in continuous casting mold. The results obtained from the CFD model suggest that melt flow is greatly influenced by the electromagnetic forces. Further, vertical downward velocity component can be obtained by the application of electromagnetic force. In addition to this, inclusion motion behavior has been reported under the influence of an electromagnetic force.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/4

CFD simulation of melt and inclusion motion in a mold under the influence of electromagnetic force Article Sidebar PDF Published: Sep 8, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.4 Keywords: CFD, Continuous casting, Inclusion, Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), metallurgy Main Article Content Maqu...

21/09/2019

"Suitability Analysis for the Selected site of Cement Industry in Makwanpur District, Nepal"

Published in VW Applied Sciences

Abstract: Industrial site selection is a strategic decision that involves several criteria considerations for technical, economic, social, environmental, and political issues. These criteria are generally described by using a number of different indicators, expressed in quantitative and qualitative ways with some possible uncertainties. Decision making requires appropriate tools to enable data collection, storage, analysis, fusion, and knowledge management to address this complex, multifaceted scenario. This paper presents a Comprehensive Method for Industrial Site Selection (CMISS), an innovative approach for reasoning uncertainty and efficiently finding the most suitable solution based on a set of interacting decision support systems. The analysis focused to find a suitable area for the establishment of cement industry in Makwanpur District of Nepal. The study has been done by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in which criteria such as distance from residential areas, distance from roads, land use, distance from rivers and pond, geology, distance from sensitive ecosystems, etc. The obtained results of the study may be helpful for the establishment of the cement industry in Makwanpur district.

https://js.vallway.com/index.php/applied-sciences/article/view/3

Suitability Analysis for the Selected site of Cement Industry in Makwanpur District, Nepal Article Sidebar PDF Published: Aug 31, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36297/vw.applsci.v1i1.3 Keywords: Geomatics, Geoinformatic, GIS, Makwanpur, AHP, Nepal Main Article Content Gyawali Kathmandu University, Dhu...