04/10/2021
the Rose
Rose is a collective name of species and varieties of representatives of the Rose Hip, grown by man and growing in wildlife. Most of the varieties of roses are obtained as a result of long-term selection by repeated repeated crossings and selection. Some varieties are forms of wild species.
For the first time, roses began to grow in ancient Rome, although the main purpose of gardens of that time was the cultivation of healthy plants (fruit, vegetable, spicy and medicinal), but in the works of the ancient Roman writers there are a description of about 10 varieties of roses. Herodotus already in the V century BC. NS. In his "history" describes the gardens of the King Midos in Macedonia and mentions a terry rose there. Theophratcher in 300 BC. NS. Describes Greece Gardens and gives a description of roses from 15, 20 and even 100 petals. On a magnificent mosaic from Pompeii, stored in the Neapolitan Museum, you can see the Damascus Rosa (Rosa × Damascena), whose homeland is undoubtedly east, and already from there she fell into the southern Italy gardens. With the collapse of the Roman Empire, gardening passed into the monasteries. It was the monastery gardens that served as the prototype of the gardens on the other side of the Alps. Karl the Great in his instructions for managing the estates of Capitulare de Villis indicated the list of plants that need to be grown, among which were roses. In the time of Carroling in the gardens, decorative plants were grown primarily with a medicinal goal, although, undoubtedly, attention was paid to their beauty. Wallad flowers were gathered for wreaths and other jewelry. And only roses bushes have honored special attention and grown in the gardens. In the pictures of the great Italian artists of the Renaissance, we can see roses that were grown in the Italian gardens of that time, which is most likely Italy. In 1309, Papa Clement V moved to his yard from Rome to Avignon and the center of the Catholic Church remained there for 1377 years. According to historians, already at this time, roses were grown on the territory of the Papal Palace. In the garden of the Bishop of Eikhshtedtsky at the beginning of the 18th century, 21 varieties of roses were grew, brought to Europe from the East through Constantinople, including Damascus. In the days of Minnesinger, beautiful gardens were existed with red and white roses, which Minnesinger were crowned. From the end of the XIX century, breeding roses are carried out in almost all countries of the world.