27/10/2025
I first read this book back in the 1980s, on the cusp of deserting the Catholic Church for Neo-Paganism, and found it very exciting and inspiring! This edition, with a new preface from 1987, was a joy to read again and doesn't disappoint. It does help if you're familiar with the doctrines and history of the Catholic Church, but it's written in a very accessible way, so even the scholarly bits aren't daunting.
Ashe starts off, after giving us an overview of Marian worship, by laying out what we know, or can claim to know, about the historical Mary. 'If Christ himself existed, Christ's mother did' - and since the existence of the historical Jesus of Nazareth is attested by contemporary sources outside the Gospels (and outside of Christianity), this is the logical and only starting point. He takes us through every mention of Mary in all four of the Gospels, and puts together a possible sequence of events in her life, and in her relationship to her Son. So far, so logical (and acceptable to Protestants as well as Catholics).
But then, as the Church grew and evolved, as Christian doctrine and beliefs were laid down and began to coalesce, as Jesus Christ was established as a unique figure, both wholly human and wholly Divine, attitudes towards his Mother were bound to evolve also.
Ashe's argument is that Christianity with its all-male Trinity failed to fill the 'Goddess-shaped hole' in humanity's perception of the Divine; and the contortions required of the later Church to assign to the Blessed Virgin Mary so many of the attributes of Goddesses such as Isis, Athene, Neith, Asherah, Cybele and many other Mother and Virgin aspects of the female Divine, whilst still insisting that she was subordinate to her Son and was not to be worshipped, are laid out in meticulous and sometimes amusing detail.
Ashe goes so far as to claim that Marian devotion, and the elevation of the Virgin Mary to almost the status of Co-Redeemer, actually saved the Church from an early death during the 4th and 5th centuries CE, at a time when Paganism still held sway in the hearts of the people and in-fighting between Eastern and Western factions threatened to implode the new religion. To many Catholics, Mary is secretly dearer than Christ himself because as a female, as a Mother, and as a human she is more accessible; and with the re-emergence of the worship of the Goddess today, the parallels with the Divine Mother whom the human soul is hard-wired to long for are all the more obvious.
If nothing else, this is a thoroughly thought-provoking read for Christians and non-Christians alike.