Sabir Hasan Khaled

05/08/2024

20/05/2024

which is more harmful to our health sugar or smoking ? কোনটি আমাদের স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য বেশি ক্ষতিকর চিনি নাকি ধূমপান?
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source:https://www.modernwomenshealth.com/blog/sugar-vs-ci******es/

Sugar vs Ci******es: Which is Worse For You?

What kills more people: sugar or ci******es? You may want to hold off before you answer this question. A closer look at the statistics behind what kills people could show a sweeter killer.

Initially, people didn’t know that ci******es could cause bad health. Media, doctors, and societies didn’t associate ci******es with bad lungs and cancer. It had taken years before people understood that ci******es caused damage to our bodies. This was because people didn’t feel pain and were not sick right after smoking one cigarette. Instead, a cigarette helped to take people’s stress and anxiety away.

A cigarette made a person feel calm and gave them a burst of energy. One cigarette didn’t show any immediate harm. So why stop smoking if nothing instantly bad happens? The damage that happens from smoking ci******es is not noticeable at first. You won’t see the damages that smoking causes until you wake up one morning with a cough.

Over time, a smoker will face an increased risk of countless health problems. But it wasn’t until anti-smoking advertisements were released that people changed their opinion. More research on the health benefits of smoking was done, and experts concluded that smoking kills. Now everyone knows only too well the harm smoking can do.

Ci******es have been known to cause:
Severe Genetic Damage Within Minutes
Throat Cancer
Stomach Cancer
Lung Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Increased Stillbirth Risk
Heart Attacks
Stroke
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Ci******es are bad for you, but people still smoke them around the world. This might be because it contains an addictive substance, ni****ne. Ni****ne stimulates dopamine in the brain, which is responsible for the pleasurable sensations that smokers feel. However, the more you smoke, the more your nerve cells become immune to the enjoyable emotions brought on by smoking. As a result, smokers usually increase their intake of ni****ne to get that desired feeling.

Can sugar be as poisonous as ci******es? The answer is yes.
It’s hard to avoid sugar because sugar is everywhere. Whereas it is easier to prevent a cigarette and ni****ne. There are the obvious items that contain sugar, like coca cola, chocolate, candy, biscuits, cake, pudding, jello, and cereals. But did you know that there are hidden sugars in your food too? Sugar can also be found in your bread, yogurt, smoothies, ketchup and even in baked beans. Even foods that are masquerading as ‘skinny’ are packed with sugar too. Avoiding sugar is difficult.

There are Two Types of Sugar: Naturally-Occurring Sugar and Added Sugar
Added sugars are sugars that are contributed during the processing of foods and beverages. It is the ingredients, such as honey, high fructose corn syrup, and agave that are used in foods to provide added sweetness. Natural-occurring sugar is never added to the processing of foods and beverages. Instead, the food item already came with sugar. For example, fructose in fruit and lactose in milk.

Sugar found in fruit and dairy are not bad for you. The protein found in dairy and the fiber in fruit helps your body absorb the natural sugar slowly. Slowing down the digestion of sugar prevents the spike of insulin response and harm to your liver.

Eating added sugar can quickly decrease your health. The editors at ‘Eat This, Not That!’ did an enormous amount of research and concluded that added sugar makes eating healthy almost impossible. The more added sugar you consume, the less healthy food choices you’ll make and eat. This is because sugar can mess with our taste buds and bodily systems.

Many of us overindulge with sweets. The average adult consumes approximately 63 grams of sugar each day. That is twice of the recommended daily amount. By eating more sugar than our bodies need we are storing the excess as fat. This leads to an increase in obesity and diabetes.

What Sugar Does To Your Body
When you digest sugar, it immediately goes to your stomach where digestive juices dilute it. Then enzymes begin to break it down into glucose. This glucose is released into the bloodstream, where it is converted into energy. Insulin is then released and absorbs the excess glucose in the blood to stabilize sugar levels. When you eat too much sugar, an overflow of insulin goes into your system to try to manage the toxic substance. The result is a sugar rush.

The more sugar that is in the bloodstream, the more insulin released. If your body releases too much insulin, your blood sugar will drop below normal levels. This is called hypoglycemia, better known as a sugar crash. This is a way of our bodies telling us that it wants more sugar. The sugar that we continue to eat that is not used for energy is converted into fat. The more frequent this process is, the more insulin that is required. This means our body will stop using sugar as energy and convert it to fat straight away instead. This can lead to obesity, heart disease, and diabetes.

Feeling sluggish all the time or always being thirsty and hungry could be signs that you have been on a sugar binge. If this continues and you are not eating sugar in moderation, you will notice that you have put on weight. High sugar diets are a big part of why 68.8% of Americans are obese.

When you are obese, your cells can become resistant to the usual effects of insulin and will struggle to absorb glucose from the blood to use for energy. This will cause your pancreas to go into overdrive to produce more insulin. But despite your pancreas’s hard work, your cells still won’t accept the glucose. The result is excess sugar floating around in your bloodstream with nowhere to go.

You could damage virtually every organ in your body if your blood is saturated with sugar. Pumping sugary blood through your blood vessels would be like pumping thick sludge through a tiny pipe. This can lead to high blood pressure, kidney failure or kidney disease, and can affect other parts of your body, such as your heart, brain, and eyes.

Can You Get Addicted To Sugar
Can sugar be as addictive as ci******es? The answer is yes. According to a study by the University of Florida, sugary foods can be as addictive as ni****ne and co***ne. During their study they found that people with obesity were drawn to images of junk food, in the same way, co***ne addicts were drawn to images of white powder.

You won’t know the damage sugar can cause right away because it happens over time. Just in the same way that one cigarette won’t cause you any harm instantly. Instead, eating an increased amount of sugar over time will add up to bad health. What you eat and do to your body every day has a long-term impact on your health. If you eat sugar in moderation, then you can continue to stay healthy.

05/05/2024

ডাইনোসররা কি এখনও পৃথিবীতে বাস করে ? Do Dinosaurs Still Live On Earth?

My youtube channel link:https://youtube.com/

source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur

Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles[note 1] of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago (mya), although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is a subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 mya and their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record shows that birds are feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch, and are the only dinosaur lineage known to have survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 mya. Dinosaurs can therefore be divided into avian dinosaurs—birds—and the extinct non-avian dinosaurs, which are all dinosaurs other than birds.

Dinosaurs are varied from taxonomic, morphological and ecological standpoints. Birds, at over 11,000 living species, are among the most diverse groups of vertebrates. Using fossil evidence, paleontologists have identified over 900 distinct genera and more than 1,000 different species of non-avian dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are represented on every continent by both extant species (birds) and fossil remains. Through the first half of the 20th century, before birds were recognized as dinosaurs, most of the scientific community believed dinosaurs to have been sluggish and cold-blooded. Most research conducted since the 1970s, however, has indicated that dinosaurs were active animals with elevated metabolisms and numerous adaptations for social interaction. Some were herbivorous, others carnivorous. Evidence suggests that all dinosaurs were egg-laying, and that nest-building was a trait shared by many dinosaurs, both avian and non-avian.

While dinosaurs were ancestrally bipedal, many extinct groups included quadrupedal species, and some were able to shift between these stances. Elaborate display structures such as horns or crests are common to all dinosaur groups, and some extinct groups developed skeletal modifications such as bony armor and spines. While the dinosaurs' modern-day surviving avian lineage (birds) are generally small due to the constraints of flight, many prehistoric dinosaurs (non-avian and avian) were large-bodied—the largest sauropod dinosaurs are estimated to have reached lengths of 39.7 meters (130 feet) and heights of 18 m (59 ft) and were the largest land animals of all time. The misconception that non-avian dinosaurs were uniformly gigantic is based in part on preservation bias, as large, sturdy bones are more likely to last until they are fossilized. Many dinosaurs were quite small, some measuring about 50 centimeters (20 inches) in length.

The first dinosaur fossils were recognized in the early 19th century, with the name "dinosaur" (meaning "terrible lizard") being coined by Sir Richard Owen in 1842 to refer to these "great fossil lizards".[7][8][9] Since then, mounted fossil dinosaur skeletons have been major attractions at museums worldwide, and dinosaurs have become an enduring part of popular culture. The large sizes of some dinosaurs, as well as their seemingly monstrous and fantastic nature, have ensured their regular appearance in best-selling books and films, such as the Jurassic Park franchise. Persistent public enthusiasm for the animals has resulted in significant funding for dinosaur science, and new discoveries are regularly covered by the media.

15/03/2024

impact of traffic jams on the economy,অর্থনীতিতে ট্রাফিক জ্যামের প্রভাব
My youtube channel link:https://youtube.com/

source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_congestion

Traffic congestion is a condition in transport that is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing. Traffic congestion on urban road networks has increased substantially since the 1950s.[1] When traffic demand is great enough that the interaction between vehicles slows the traffic stream, this results in congestion. While congestion is a possibility for any mode of transportation, this article will focus on automobile congestion on public roads.

As demand approaches the capacity of a road (or of the intersections along the road), extreme traffic congestion sets in. When vehicles are fully stopped for periods of time, this is known as a traffic jam[2][3] or (informally) a traffic snarl-up[4][5] or a tailback.[6]

Drivers can become frustrated and engage in road rage. Drivers and driver-focused road planning departments commonly propose to alleviate congestion by adding another lane to the road. This is ineffective: increasing road capacity induces more demand for driving.

Mathematically, traffic is modeled as a flow through a fixed point on the route, analogously to fluid dynamics.
Causes:
Traffic congestion occurs when a volume of traffic generates demand for space greater than the available street capacity; this point is commonly termed saturation. Several specific circumstances can cause or aggravate congestion; most of them reduce the capacity of a road at a given point or over a certain length, or increase the number of vehicles required for a given volume of people or goods. About half of U.S. traffic congestion is recurring, and is attributed to sheer weight of traffic; most of the rest is attributed to traffic incidents, road work and weather events.[12][13] In terms of traffic operation, rainfall reduces traffic capacity and operating speeds, thereby resulting in greater congestion and road network productivity loss.

Traffic research still cannot fully predict under which conditions a "traffic jam" (as opposed to heavy, but smoothly flowing traffic) may suddenly occur. It has been found that individual incidents (such as crashes or even a single car braking heavily in a previously smooth flow) may cause ripple effects (a cascading failure) which then spread out and create a sustained traffic jam when, otherwise, the normal flow might have continued for some time longer.
Separation of work and residential areas
People often work and live in different parts of the city. Many workplaces are located in a central business district away from residential areas, resulting in workers commuting. According to a 2011 report published by the United States Census Bureau, a total of 132.3 million people in the United States commute between their work and residential areas daily.[15]

Movement to obtain or provide goods and services
People may need to move about within the city to obtain goods and services, for instance to purchase goods or attend classes in a different part of the city. Brussels, a Belgian city with a strong service economy, has one of the worst traffic congestion in the world, wasting 74 hours in traffic in 2014.

Mathematical theories

Congestion on a street in Taipei consisting primarily of motorcycles
Some traffic engineers have attempted to apply the rules of fluid dynamics to traffic flow, likening it to the flow of a fluid in a pipe. Congestion simulations and real-time observations have shown that in heavy but free flowing traffic, jams can arise spontaneously, triggered by minor events ("butterfly effects"), such as an abrupt steering maneuver by a single motorist. Traffic scientists liken such a situation to the sudden freezing of supercooled fluid.[16]

However, unlike a fluid, traffic flow is often affected by signals or other events at junctions that periodically affect the smooth flow of traffic. Alternative mathematical theories exist, such as Boris Kerner's three-phase traffic theory (see also spatiotemporal reconstruction of traffic congestion).

Because of the poor correlation of theoretical models to actual observed traffic flows, transportation planners and highway engineers attempt to forecast traffic flow using empirical models. Their working traffic models typically use a combination of macro-, micro- and mesoscopic features, and may add matrix entropy effects, by "platooning" groups of vehicles and by randomizing the flow patterns within individual segments of the network. These models are then typically calibrated by measuring actual traffic flows on the links in the network, and the baseline flows are adjusted accordingly.

A team of MIT mathematicians has developed a model that describes the formation of "phantom jams", in which small disturbances (a driver hitting the brake too hard, or getting too close to another car) in heavy traffic can become amplified into a full-blown, self-sustaining traffic jam. Key to the study is the realization that the mathematics of such jams, which the researchers call "jamitons", are strikingly similar to the equations that describe detonation waves produced by explosions, says Aslan Kasimov, lecturer in MIT's Department of Mathematics. That discovery enabled the team to solve traffic-jam equations that were first theorized in the 1950s.

18/02/2024

live populaion count,লাইভ জনসংখ্যা গণনা(worldometer)
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source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_growth

Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually, or 1.1% per year.[2] The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 7.9 billion in 2020.[3] The UN projected population to keep growing, and estimates have put the total population at 8.6 billion by mid-2030, 9.8 billion by mid-2050 and 11.2 billion by 2100.[4] However, some academics outside the UN have increasingly developed human population models that account for additional downward pressures on population growth; in such a scenario population would peak before 2100.[5] Others have challenged many recent population projections as having underestimated population growth.[6]

The world human population has been growing since the end of the Black Death, around the year 1350.[7] A mix of technological advancement that improved agricultural productivity[8] and sanitation and medical advancement that reduced mortality increased population growth. In some geographies, this has slowed through the process called the demographic transition, where many nations with high standards of living have seen a significant slowing of population growth. This is in direct contrast with less developed contexts, where population growth is still happening.[9] Globally, the rate of population growth has declined from a peak of 2.2% per year in 1963.[10] The global human population is projected to peak during the mid-21st century and decline by 2100.[11]

Population growth alongside increased consumption is a driver of environmental concerns, such as biodiversity loss and climate change,[12][13] due to overexploitation of natural resources for human development.[14] International policy focused on mitigating the impact of human population growth is concentrated in the Sustainable Development Goals which seeks to improve the standard of living globally while reducing the impact of society on the environment while advancing human well-being.

Population growth rate
The world population growth rate peaked in 1963 at 2.2% per year and subsequently declined.[10] In 2017, the estimated annual growth rate was 1.1%.[30] The CIA World Factbook gives the world annual birthrate, mortality rate, and growth rate as 1.86%, 0.78%, and 1.08% respectively.[31] The last 100 years have seen a massive fourfold increase in the population, due to medical advances, lower mortality rates, and an increase in agricultural productivity made possible by the Green Revolution.[32]

The annual increase in the number of living humans peaked at 88.0 million in 1989, then slowly declined to 73.9 million in 2003, after which it rose again to 75.2 million in 2006. In 2017, the human population increased by 83 million.[30] Generally, developed nations have seen a decline in their growth rates in recent decades, though annual growth rates remain above 2% in some countries of the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa, and also in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Latin America.[33]

In some countries the population is declining, especially in Eastern Europe, mainly due to low fertility rates, high death rates and emigration. In Southern Africa, growth is slowing due to the high number of AIDS-related deaths. Some Western Europe countries might also experience population decline.[34] Japan's population began decreasing in 2005.[35]

The United Nations Population Division projects world population to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the 21st century. The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation projects that the global population will peak in 2064 at 9.73 billion and decline to 8.89 billion in 2100. [11] A 2014 study in Science concludes that the global population will reach 11 billion by 2100, with a 70% chance of continued growth into the 22nd century.[36][37] The German Foundation for World Population reported in December 2019 that the global human population grows by 2.6 people every second, and could reach 8 billion by 2023.

Growth by country
According to United Nations population statistics, the world population grew by 30%, or 1.6 billion humans, between 1990 and 2010.[40] In number of people the increase was highest in India (350 million) and China (196 million). Population growth rate was among highest in the United Arab Emirates (315%) and Qatar (271%)

13/02/2024

the role padma bridge can play in the country's economy,পদ্মা সেতু দেশের অর্থনীতিতে যে ধরনের ভূমিকা রাখতে পারে
My youtube channel link:https://youtube.com/

source:https://chat.openai.com/c/772e0f48-7ca2-4a5b-82f3-a1122b3a7c88

Welcome to our channel! In this video, we delve into the transformative role that the Padma Bridge is set to play in the economic landscape of Bangladesh. As one of the largest infrastructure projects in the country's history, the Padma Bridge promises not only to bridge physical gaps but also to bridge economic disparities, paving the way for unparalleled growth and development.

The Padma Bridge, spanning the mighty Padma River, stands as a testament to Bangladesh's commitment to progress and connectivity. With its completion, the bridge is poised to revolutionize transportation networks, facilitating smoother movement of goods and people between the capital city, Dhaka, and the southwestern regions of the country.

At the heart of its significance lies its potential to catalyze economic activities. By reducing travel time and transportation costs, the Padma Bridge will stimulate trade and commerce, unlocking new opportunities for businesses, both large and small. This newfound connectivity will not only bolster domestic trade but also enhance Bangladesh's position as a key player in regional and global markets.

Moreover, the Padma Bridge holds the key to unlocking the vast economic potential of the southwestern region of Bangladesh. By improving access to markets, employment opportunities, and essential services, it promises to uplift millions from poverty and spur inclusive growth.

Join us as we explore the multifaceted impact of the Padma Bridge on various sectors of the economy, including agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, and more. Through insightful interviews, expert analysis, and on-the-ground footage, we'll uncover how this megastructure is set to reshape the socioeconomic landscape of Bangladesh for generations to come.

Don't miss out on this fascinating journey into the future of Bangladesh's economy. Hit the subscribe button and turn on notifications to stay updated on our latest videos exploring the transformative power of infrastructure development. Together, let's witness the dawn of a new era of prosperity fueled by the mighty Padma Bridge.

08/02/2024

one day of venus equals earth time,শুক্রের একদিন পৃথিবীর সময়ের কত দিনের সমান
My youtube channel link:https://youtube.com/

source:https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus #:~:text=Venus%20is%20the%20only%20planet,Venus%20is%20243%20Earth%20days.&text=Surface%20temp.

Venus is the second planet from the Sun.[3] Venus is the only planet in the Solar System that has a day longer than a year. The year length of Venus is 225 Earth days. The day length of Venus is 243 Earth days.[3]

Venus is a terrestrial planet because it has a solid, rocky surface like other planets in the inner Solar System. Astronomers have known Venus for thousands of years. The ancient Romans named it after their goddess Venus, goddess of love and beauty.[3]

Venus is the brightest thing in the night sky except for the Moon. It is sometimes called the morning star or the evening star as at some elongations it is easily seen just before the sun comes up in the morning. At other times, it can be seen just after the sun goes down in the evening. Venus comes closer to the Earth than any other planet does.

Venus is sometimes called the sister planet of Earth as they are quite similar in size and gravity. In other ways the planets are very different. Venus' atmosphere (air) is mostly carbon dioxide with clouds of sulphuric acid.[4] Sulphuric acid is a chemical that is poisonous to life. For this it is sometimes known as the Earth's "evil twin".[5][6]

The thick atmosphere makes it hard to see the surface. Until the late twentieth century many thought there might be life there. The pressure on Venus' surface is 92 times that of Earth. Venus is one of only 2 planets in the Solar System (the other being Mercury) that has no moons. Venus spins very slowly on its axis and it spins in the opposite direction to the other planets.

Physical properties

Radar view of the surface of Venus (Magellan spacecraft)
Venus is a terrestrial planet so, like the Earth, its surface is made of rock. Venus is much hotter than Earth. All the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere acts like a blanket, trapping heat from the Sun. This effect is called the greenhouse effect and it is very strong on Venus. This makes the surface of Venus the hottest of any planet's surface in the Solar System with an estimated average temperature of 480 °C (896.0 °F).[7][8] This is hot enough to melt lead or zinc.

Geography
Venus has no oceans because it is much too hot for water. Venus' surface is a dry desert. Because of the clouds, only radar can map the surface. It is about 80% smooth, rocky plains, made mostly of basalt. Two higher areas called continents make up the north and south of the planet. The north is called Ishtar Terra and the south is called Aphrodite Terra. They are named after the Babylonian and Greek goddesses of love.[9]

The surface of Venus looks like it has been shaped by volcanic activity. Venus has a lots of volcanoes.[10] The surface of Venus is estimated to be 300–600 million years old.[10][11]

Unlike Earth or Mars, Venus does not have defined highlands or lowlands, and it does not have tectonic plates.

Atmosphere
Venus' atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas with clouds of sulphuric acid. Because the atmosphere is so thick or dense the pressure is very high. The pressure is 92 times the pressure on Earth, enough to crush many things.

It is impossible to see the planet's surface from space as the thick cloud layer reflects 60% of the light that hits it. The only way scientists are able to see it is by using infrared and ultraviolet cameras and radar.

Scientists believe that billions of years ago, the atmosphere of Venus could have been like Earth's atmosphere. There may have been lots of water on the surface of Venus. But after 600 million to several billion years, the evaporation of the water put greenhouse gases into its atmosphere.[12]

Magnetic field
In 1967, Venera 4 found that the magnetic field of Venus was much weaker than that of Earth. This magnetic field is induced by an interaction between the ionosphere and the solar wind. Venus' magnetosphere is not strong enough to protect the atmosphere from cosmic rays.[13]

Transit of Venus
See the main article: Transit of Venus
Venus can sometimes be seen passing between the Sun and Earth. Venus looks like a black dot when seen through a special telescope. These passages are called "transits". These "transits" happen in pairs eight years apart. Then it is more than a hundred years to the next pair.

30/01/2024

transgender issue in bangladesh,বাংলাদেশে হিজড়া সমস্যা
My youtube channel link:https://youtube.com/

source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgender

Psychiatrist John F. Oliven of Columbia University used the term transgenderism in his 1965 reference work Sexual Hygiene and Pathology,[35][36][37] writing that the term which had previously been used, tr*******alism, "is misleading; actually, 'transgenderism' is meant, because s*xuality is not a major factor in primary transvestism."[38][39] The term transgender was then popularized with varying definitions by transgender, tr*******al, and transvestite people, including Christine Jorgensen[40] and Virginia Prince,[2] who used transgenderal[41] in the December 1969 issue of Transvestia, a national magazine for cross-dressers she founded.[42] By the mid-1970s both trans-gender and trans people were in use as umbrella terms,[note 1] while transgenderist and transgenderal were used to refer to people who wanted to live their lives as cross-gendered individuals without gender-affirming surgery.[43] Transgenderist was sometimes abbreviated as TG in educational and community resources; this abbreviation developed by the 1980s.[44][45]

By 1984, the concept of a "transgender community" had developed, in which transgender was used as an umbrella term.[46] In 1985, Richard Elkins established the "Trans-Gender Archive" at the University of Ulster.[42] By 1992, the International Conference on Transgender Law and Employment Policy defined transgender as an expansive umbrella term including "tr*******als, transgenderists, cross dressers", and anyone transitioning.[47] Leslie Feinberg's pamphlet, "Transgender Liberation: A Movement Whose Time has Come", circulated in 1992, identified transgender as a term to unify all forms of gender nonconformity; in this way transgender has become synonymous with q***r.[48] In 1994, gender theorist Susan Stryker defined transgender as encompassing "all identities or practices that cross over, cut across, move between, or otherwise q***r socially constructed s*x/gender boundaries", including, but not limited to, "tr*******ality, heteros*xual transvestism, gay drag, butch lesbianism, and such non-European identities as the Native American berdache or the Indian Hijra".[49]

Between the mid-1990s and the early 2000s, the primary terms used under the transgender umbrella were "female to male" (FtM) for men who transitioned from female to male, and "male to female" (MtF) for women who transitioned from male to female. These terms have been superseded by "trans man" and "trans woman", respectively.[50] This shift in preference from terms highlighting biological s*x ("tr*******al", "FtM") to terms highlighting gender identity and expression ("transgender", "trans man") reflects a broader shift in the understanding of transgender people's sense of self and the increasing recognition of those who decline medical reassignment as part of the transgender community.[50]

Transgender can also refer specifically to a person whose gender identity is opposite (rather than different from) the s*x the person had or was identified as having at birth.[51][52][53][54]

Transfeminine is a term for any person, binary or non-binary, who was assigned male at birth and has a predominantly feminine gender identity or presentation.[55]

Transmasculine refers to a person assigned female at birth who has a predominantly masculine gender identity or presentation.[55]

Transgendered is a common term in older literature. Many within the transgender community deprecate it on the basis that transgender is an adjective, not a verb.[56] Organizations such as GLAAD and The Guardian also state that transgender should never be used as a noun (e.g., "Max is transgender" or "Max is a transgender man", not "Max is a transgender").[5][57] "Transgender" is also a noun for the broader topic of transgender identity and experience.[58]

Although the term "transgenderism" was once considered acceptable, it has come to be viewed as offensive, according to GLAAD.[59] In 2020 the International Journal of Transgenderism changed its name to the International Journal of Transgender Health "to reflect a change toward more appropriate and acceptable use of language in our field."[60]

Health-practitioner manuals, professional journalistic style guides, and LGBT advocacy groups advise the adoption by others of the name and pronouns identified by the person in question, including present references to the transgender person's past.[61][62]

In contrast, people whose sense of personal identity corresponds to the s*x and gender assigned to them at birth – that is, those who are neither transgender nor non-binary or genderq***r – are called cisgender