05/12/2023
Two sentenced for trading in protected species
Springbok - Benedict Beukes (28), and Quinton Steenkamp (30) have been sentenced by the Springbok Regional Court to 8 years direct imprisonment of which 2 years were suspended after they were convicted of Contravening Section 50 of the Northern Cape Nature Conservation Act 9 of 2009. The two years were suspended for 5 years on the condition that the accused were not convicted of contravening Section 50 of the Northern Cape Nature Conservation Act 9 of 2009(NCNCA 9 of 2009) within the period of Suspension.
On 01 December 2020 Member of the South African Police Service, Captain Karel Du Toit Commander of the Springbok Stock Theft and Endangered Species Unit received a message from a person who identified himself as Quinten. It was clear from the message that Quinten wanted to sell protected plants and he even sent pictures of plants in nature as well as plants already harvested. On 03 December 2020 application was made for a Section 252A operation and on 4 December 2020 Authority to conduct such operation was granted.
The accused continued to inform Captain Du Toit of the type of protected plants he has, and they agreed on the amount that would be paid per plant. An agreement was reached for the deal and an arrangement was made that the deal would take place on 20 December 2020, 40 kilometres from Springbok on the N7 National Road. An operational team was put together and was agent was activated to conduct the deal. On 20 December 2020, the two accused were picked up by the agent in Spoegrivier where they reside. They had the plants in their possession, and it was placed in the Bakkie. They drove along the N7 en route to Springbok. As per the arrangement, the agent stopped the bakkie along the way indicating that he was going to fetch the money. He locked the doors of the bakkie with both the accused inside, where both accused were arrested and charged with contravening section 50 of the NCNCA 9 of 2009. Due to overwhelming evidence against the accused, On 22 February 2022, both accused pleaded guilty to dealing in Protected plant species namely 900 Conophytum pellucidum worth R13 500,00 and 2464 Conophytum Pagea worth R86 240,00 and they were subsequently convicted as charged.
In aggravation of sentence, Regional Court Prosecutor Basil K**k led evidence by calling Captain Karel Du Toit and Pieter Van Wyk to testify. Captain Du Toit was able to provide statistics as to the alarming rate at which these types of crimes are increasing. He further testified that the poaching of the plants is mainly for the overseas market where possessing these plants is seen as a symbol of success. He further testified that the main culprits were usually people from China and other international places. However, after successfully apprehending those culprits, they started to use local people like the 2 accused to poach the plants. He further highlighted the fact that it is extremely difficult to catch these poachers as they work in very sophisticated syndicates. Emphasis was also led, that the local people are easily drawn into these networks because of poverty and unemployment. It was also mentioned that the government has embarked on numerous campaigns to sensitise the communities about these crimes so that they can abstain from committing them.
During his evidence in chief, Pieter van Wyk who works at the Richtersveld National Park and is also an expert in the field of plants, testified as to the effect that the poaching of plants has on our ecosystem. He highlighted the fact the poaching of large quantities of these protected plants may lead to the extinction thereof. He also testified that the poachers do not only poach the plants, but in the process of doing that they destroy the environment in itself and that it effectively has a chain reaction. Mention was further made that even if the plants are confiscated by the police as in this case, it is not guaranteed that all of them will or can be successfully rehabilitated. Explanation was also given as to how the value of the plants is determined.
In sentencing, Regional Court Prosecutor K**k argued that the seriousness of these offences can be seen in the fact that Section 50 of the Northern Cape Nature Conservation Act 9 0f 2009 (NCNCA 9 of 2009) was promulgated to try and curb the prevalence of these offences. The act provides for a sentence of a fine or not more than 10 years imprisonment or both a fine and imprisonment if convicted of these offences. Emphasis was laid on the fact that if these plants become extinct, what will be left as heritage to our children? Submissions were made that the poachers show no regard to nature, because they are only fueled by greed, and therefore our court should show no mercy to them.
On 20 April 2023, the prosecutor Mr K**k was caught by surprise, when the magistrate indicated that the plants the accused were convicted of dealing in, were not named in the list of plants contained in the NCNCA 9 of 2009. The state recalled Pieter van Wyk, to testify to that as much aspect. Pieter van Wyk explained that the Conophytum plants fall under a family called Aizoaceae, which is contained in the act, the Regional Court Mbalo still maintained that there is a lacuna in the legislation. She therefore entered a plea of not guilty in terms of Section 113 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977. The prosecutor, Mr K**k asked the magistrate for full reasons for her decision as he intended to take the matter on appeal. On 20 May 2022, the magistrate gave her reasons, and the accused was found not guilty and discharged.
K**k aggrieved by the decision of the magistrate contacted the office of the DPP in the Northern Cape and explained the situation to them. Steps were immediately taken to take the matter on appeal. In the meantime, all the matters where Conophytum plants were involved were temporarily withdrawn in the fear that they may suffer the same fate. Subsequently, the matter was taken on appeal.
In a scathing judgment delivered on 9 June 2023, the High Court found that there was no basis for the magistrate to alter the plea. The court ordered that the appeal succeeds and that the decision of the magistrate to discharge and acquit both accused in terms of section 174 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977 is set aside and that the matter be remitted to the magistrate who was directed to reopen the trial proceedings against both accused and to proceed with the further hearing thereof.
The accused were subsequently sentenced to 8 years imprisonment of which 2 years were suspended on condition that the accused is not convicted of contravening the provisions of Section 50 of the Northern Cape Nature Conservation Act 9 of 2009 within the period of suspension. Both accused were also declared unfit to possess fi****ms. [email protected]