Lovon Precious Metals investment

24/01/2024

PRECIOUS METALS ROLES IN INVESTMENT
PORTFOLIO – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FROM
THE PERSPECTIVE OF SELECTED
EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Summary: The paper presents conclusions from the research concerned with the effec-
tiveness and roles of precious metals in investment portfolios from the point of view of
Austrian, Slovakian and Slovenian investors. The ATX, SAX and SBITOP indices were
used to represent the market. The analyses cover the years 2007-2013 taking into account
different performance of stock exchange indices at that time. The precious metals to be
examined were gold, silver, platinum and palladium.
In most of the periods under discussion, characterized by differentiated stock ex-
change performance of the three markets, precious metals featured beta coefficient at a low
positive or even negative level. This further indicates that there is a low interdependency of
their rates of return with the main exchange indices, and consequently these assets may be
considered as alternative investments. However, attention should be paid to the fact that
each of these metals is characterized by different investment characteristics such as return
rate or risk.
Keywords: precious metals, conditional variance, safe haven, beta coefficient.
Introduction
In recent years globalization processes and mobile technologies develop-
ment have been affecting the expansionary development of financial markets.
On the one hand, this increases the risk of a worldwide financial crisis, yet on
the other, it provides unprecedented opportunities to invest capital in increasing-
ly more innovative instruments. Apart from conventional assets such as stocks,Precious metals roles in investment portfolio – a comparative analysis... 189
bonds or investment funds participation units, there are also alternative invest-
ments, in particular, hedge funds, precious metals and other commodities, struc-
tured instruments, collectibles or art investments. It is expecte

24/01/2024

Gold was a popular investment in 2023. Here are four smart ways to approach the shiny metal this year.

24/01/2024

Lovon Precious Metals investment we help you invest your hard earned money just take a moment and understand and physical ownership .You can purchase physical bullion, such as gold bars or coins, from reputable dealers. ...

ETFs and Mutual Funds: Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds offer exposure to precious metals without the need for physical ownership.

Gold was a popular investment in 2023. Here are four smart ways to approach the shiny metal this year.

24/01/2024

Gold and Silver Continue to Struggle, Heavyweight US Data Releases Later this Week

Jan 23, 2024 7:00 PM +02:00



Lehlohonolo Mohlabi
,Senior Strategist

GOLD AND SILVER ANALYSIS, PRICES, AND CHARTS
The latest Fed rate expectations show six quarter-point cuts this year.
Gold and Silver struggle but the sell-off is so far contained.

The latest look at US rate expectations shows six quarter-point cuts are now being priced in with the first seen in May compared to seven last week with the first in March.

The yield on the rate-sensitive UST 2-year has risen from 4.14% to a current level of 4.40% over the same period, highlighting the tempering of rate cuts ahead of next week’s FOMC meeting.

There are three heavyweight pieces of US economic data released this week, the first look at US Q4 GDP on Thursday, along with the latest Durable Goods release, and the Core PCE report on Friday. All of these will be closely watched by the Fed ahead of next week’s FOMC meeting.

24/01/2024

Platinum Futures
NYMEX: PLW00
908.40 USD +2.90 (0.32%)today
23 Jan, 19:41 GMT-5 • Disclaimer
Open
908.50
High
909.40
Low
907.60
Prev close
905.50
Volume
333
Open interest
69,686

24/01/2024

The London bullion market is an over-the-counter market for wholesale trading of gold and silver. The London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) coordinates activities of its members and other participants in the London bullion market. The LBMA sets and promotes quality standards for gold and silver bullion bars. The minimum acceptable fineness of the Good Delivery Bars is 99.5% for gold bars and 99.9% for silver bars. Bars with a purity less than these may not be referred to as "bullion".

24/04/2023

Thabo Bester have cause too pain

Katlego Mpholo’s family has rejected the police report that says he collapsed in town and was taken to hospital. His father says a lot of important informati...

24/04/2023

Thabo Bester | Mpholo's family to sue the state

JOHANNSBURG - The family of Katlego Mpholo - the man whose burn remains were discovered in Thabo Bester's prison cell - says they are suing the state.

Mpholo’s burnt body was identified after DNA results matched with his mother.

An autopsy report showed that Katlego had died due to blunt force trauma to the head and was already dead before the prison caught fire.

We have been receiving calls from high level legal teams who are willing to help us," says Mpholo's father.

Watch the video below for more details on this story.

Katlego Mpholo’s family has rejected the police report that says he collapsed in town and was taken to hospital. His father says a lot of important informati...

24/04/2023

Seriti opens 25-year underground extension at Mpumalanga coal mine

New section expected to reach full production by first quarter of 2024 at the latest

In a week when political leaders weighed the consequences of extending the life of some of SA’s coal power stations, one of Eskom’s largest coal suppliers showed confidence in the future of the commodity by extending the life of one of its mines by 25 years.

Coal miner Seriti on Friday hosted a “first sump” ceremony as it broke ground on a project to switch from opencast to underground mining at its Klipspruit colliery near Ogies in Mpumalanga.

Seriti CEO Mike Teke said this will help maintain present production and export levels from the Klipspruit colliery in future.

The mine has an average run of mine production of 8.5-million tonnes a year and planned production from the underground operations amount to about 4.5-million tonnes a year. This is what is needed to meet the mine’s overall tonnage requirements.

The new underground section was expected to reach full production by the third quarter of this year, or the first quarter of 2024 at the latest.

The total resource was estimated to be about 600-million tonnes with about 30% of the resource in inferred status.

The decision to start mining underground was taken as it had become uneconomical to continue opencast mining at the site. By switching from opencast to underground mining the life of mine for the Klipspruit colliery will be extended up to 25 years.

Teke said that while “multinational mining companies in SA were under pressure to exit coal” Seriti believed coal mining still had a long future in SA. The company would continue to invest in the development of its coal assets.

“We are not against renewable energy, but we believe coal-fired power stations will continue to operate alongside renewables to provide baseload,” said Teke.

In 2022, Seriti concluded a R892m deal to acquire a majority stake in Windlab Africa’s portfolio of 4GW wind and solar power assets through its subsidiary Seriti Green.

Klipspruit GM Dirk Miller told Business Day that the mine was set to last until about 2036, but because they were already mining so deep it became extremely expensive to operate.

“The mine needs to operate as a going concern even at a relaxed coal price. We needed to set it up so that in depressed pricing times we can still make money from the mine. That is why we decided to go underground — because in this case underground [mining] is substantially cheaper than opencast mining because of the depth of the mine,” Miller said.

The miner produces two products. One is a high-quality, low ash coal exclusively for the export market. The other is middlings coal, some of which Seriti hopes to sell to Eskom pending the outcome of talks.

Miller said that from opencast mining they could achieve a yield ratio of 28%-32% high-quality coal, but in the underground section they expect the share of high-quality coal to rise to about 42% of the total yield.

The project is fully self-funded through capital spend of about R1.4bn, he said.

Mineral resources & energy minister Gwede Mantashe, who attended the “first sump” ceremony for the mine, said this showed the market expected demand for coal to continue for many years.

“Coal will be here for a long time and it will perhaps [be part of the future] permanently if we invest in [clean coal] technologies,” said Mantashe.

“When you are opening a deep mine that will last for at least 25 years, what you are saying is there will be [a market for coal] in 25 years. The reality is coal is needed [now and in future].”

[email protected]

Q&A: PETER VENN, CEO OF SERITI GREEN, TALKS ABOUT SETTING UP WIND FARMS
The company expects project to come online in the second half of 2025
COMPANIES2 weeks ago
WORK ABOUT TO START ON MPUMALANGA’S FIRST WIND FARM
Seriti Resources says the first phase of what will be SA’s largest wind farm will come online in 2025
COMPANIES2 months ago
COAL MINER SERITI CLOSES 4GW RENEWABLES DEAL
Acquisition of a majority stake in Windlab Africa’s wind and solar assets is a big step in developing its own renewable energy business, says Seriti
COMPANIES4 months ago
WINDLAB PURCHASE ADDS SOLAR AND WIND POWER TO COAL MINER SERITI
Eskom coal supplier to buy majority stake in Windlab Africa’s wind and solar power assets
COMPANIES8 months ago
Next Article
BDTV
Read more
Play Video
Business Day TV
Market Report - 21 April 2023 | The Close
2 days ago
9:59
Next video
Powered by
subscribe
Would you like to comment on this article?
Sign up (it's quick and free) or sign in now.

Speech Bubbles
SIGN UP
SIGN IN
Please read our Comment Policy before commenting.

Loading...
Subscribe to BL premium
MOST READ
1.Seriti opens 25-year underground extension at ...
COMPANIES / MINING
2.Nedbank hints at possible litigation linked to ...
COMPANIES / FINANCIAL SERVICES
3.Red-tape SA lags far behind Congolese, says ...
COMPANIES / MINING
4.RCL Foods and Illovo berate Tongaat over ...
COMPANIES / RETAIL & CONSUMER
5.EasyEquities owner Purple Group swings to a loss
COMPANIES / FINANCIAL SERVICES
Related Articles
MELISSA FOURIE: Coal power kills thousands — phase it out
OPINION
Ramaphosa must intervene in battle between Mantashe, Gordhan and Ramokgopa, ANC ...
NATIONAL
Retrofitting old coal power stations too costly, says Gordhan
NATIONAL
EDITORIAL: Mantashe’s passionate defence of the blatantly obvious
OPINION / EDITORIALS
No options: India’s coal miners forced to migrate as nation goes green
WORLD / ASIA
EDITORIAL: A decade of difficult decisions on climate
OPINION / EDITORIALS
Temporary bypass of pollution rules at Kusile could cut load-shedding levels
NATIONAL
Published by Arena Holdings and distributed with the Financial Mail on the last Thursday of every month except December and January.

Read More
About us
Contact us
Subscribe
FAQs
Terms & Conditions
Privacy policy
Search
© 2023 Arena Holdings. All rights reserved.

Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy.

© BusinessLIVE MMXXIII
Search BusinessLIVE

Lovon Precious Metals investment Of all the precious metals, gold is the most popular as an investmen

24/04/2023

24/04/2023

24/04/2023

Johannesburg

In today's video, we toured and explored one of Johannesburg's most luxurious properties in the eye of Africa's golf estate. This home in Joburg features a C...

24/04/2023

POLITICAL WEEK AHEAD: André de Ruyter to have his say on graft allegations
Former Eskom CEO will elaborate on corruption claims in a remote session with MPs

Former Eskom CEO André de Ruyter is expected to be in the hot seat this week when he appears before parliament’s standing committee on public accounts to explain his allegations of ANC links to corruption and maladministration at the power utility.

On Wednesday De Ruyter will virtually appear before the committee to elaborate on issues that he raised during a televised interview with eNCA’s Annika Larsen that was aired in February. He told Larsen there was evidence to indicate that some in the ANC saw Eskom as a “feeding trough.

24/04/2023

Fourways woman has a solution to end load-shedding

A local entrepreneur has started her own business to provide power during load-shedding.

A young Fourways philanthropist has a possible solution for the persistent load-shedding problems in South Africa.

Entrepreneur Thobile Nyawo founded Isambane Energy as a way to help residents deal with the ongoing power crisis. Nyawo explained that her business offers solar and smart energy management. “As someone who has always been passionate about sustainability and finding solutions to the world’s energy challenges, I knew that starting a business in the energy sector was the right path for me. I founded Isambane Energy with the mission to provide sustainable energy solutions to communities across Africa and solar energy was the natural choice for us,” says Nyawo.

Nyawo feels that businesses have a responsibility to give back to the communities they serve. “Our business has a positive impact on the communities we work within in a number of ways. Firstly, by providing access to affordable and reliable renewable energy. We are helping to improve the quality of life for people in these communities. This can have a ripple effect in other areas of their lives such as health, education and economic opportunities.”

Her business also prioritises hiring and training locals. “We also work closely with local leaders and organisations to ensure that our projects align with the specific needs and priorities of each community.”

24/04/2023

Part 3: ‘Let me tell you something, thinking you know Sea Point during the day, does not mean you know it at night’

The third instalment of columnist Carlos Mesquita’s experience living on the streets of Cape Town. ‘Let me tell you something, thinking you know Sea Point during the day, does not mean you know it at night.

If you read my past two columns, you will be aware that I have been taking you on my journey to my very first night sleeping rough on the streets of Cape Town.

I started walking from the Parade at about 7pm as I was feeling very uncomfortable with the attention my bag of clothes was receiving from other homeless people and I didn’t know the area well enough at night to find a place to sleep.

I had decided to walk to Sea Point where I had lived and felt more comfortable about finding a place to crash for the night.

But let me tell you that thinking you know Sea Point because you happened to have owned a place in Selbourne Place and knowing that same place on the streets at night are two very different things.

On my way, I met a guy who was being really nice to me and seemed interested in my story, which I shared with him on the way and he suggested I come and sleep where he and two friends slept just off Beach Road.

On the way we had met a number of other less friendly characters who would take him aside and I could see and hear that they did not agree with him chaperoning me.

He explained to me he is a “28” and what his role is and that I must not worry. While I am with him, I would be safe.

We got to the spot where he and a friend stayed and he said that I should make myself comfortable and cover myself as he had things to do. If anyone came and bothered me, I was just to mention that Shaun had given me permission to lie there.

He gave me a cover sheet as it had started drizzling. I immediately lay down and was soon fast asleep. Next thing I knew, someone came along pushing a bike followed by a police officer. He kicked at my feet and said: “Just tell the cop this is your bike, they’re giving me grief about it.”

The officer now talking directly to me asked me my name and whether this was my bike. I said, no, it wasn’t my bike and I didn’t know the guy either. To say I had just made my first enemy on the streets based on the look on his face when the police officer told him to bring the bike along with him would be an understatement.

Shaun hadn’t been back and I wasn’t exactly comfortable staying there. It was drizzling and so I took my bag and the cover sheet I had been given and started walking down to the beachfront.

I decided go and lie between two of the mobile stores adjacent to the swimming pool.

I spread out my clothes bag so that I could use it as a mattress and the clothes safe and pulled the cover sheet over me. I closed my eyes but sleep wouldn’t come.

Every now and again, someone would be lifting up the sheet and feeling inside. I remained dead still.

At about 4am, light was beginning to shine through. I was hungry and wet and miserable, but for the first time in my life I went onto the beach, went down on my knees and thanked God for my breath of life that morning.

I then walked along the beach until I reached the road where I knew Shaun slept.

He was lying there fast asleep. I sat and waited for him to wake up. When he awoke he seemed shocked to see me: “What happened to you?” he asked. I told him about what had happened last night. “S**t,” he said, “what the hell did he get up to again?

“I will go to the station to take him some ci******es. Wait here.” And that was my first night sleeping rough on the streets in Sea Point. I would be sleeping rough for close on six years.

* Carlos Mesquita.

** The views expressed here are not necessarily those of Independent Media.

Lehlohonolo Mohlabi

Do you have something on your mind; or want to comment on the big stories of the day? We would love to hear from you. Please send your letters to [email protected]

All letters to be considered for publication, must contain full names, addresses and contact details (not for publication)

24/04/2023

ACTIONSA OFFERS R50K REWARD FOR INFO ON KILLERS OF TWO MURDERERED SOWETO BOYS

The two children, aged five and six, were found dead between White City and Rockville last week Thursday. They were reported missing a day before.

SOWETO MURDERSACTIONSA

JOHANNESBURG - ActionSA is offering a R50,000 reward to anyone with information that could lead to the arrest of the people responsible for the brutal murder of two boys in Soweto.

The two children, aged five and six, were found dead between White City and Rockville last week Thursday.

They were reported missing a day before.

READ: Political parties call for task team to investigate murder of 2 Soweto boys

ActionSA leader Herman Mashaba visited the two families on Sunday, when he assured them that the party would not rest until the perpetrators are caught.

Mashaba said he hoped Gauteng police commissioner Elias Mawela would accept their offer of help.

"I hope this R50,000 reward will help bring justice to the Zulu and Rabong families. The families both accepted our offer to help find the people behind these senseless killings," Mashaba said.

Lovon Precious Metals investment Of all the precious metals, gold is the most popular as an investmen

24/04/2023

Capitec amends policy on executive incentives

Bank will no longer apply any discretion to vesting requirements after shareholders express dissatisfaction with the policy

24 April 2023 - 00:01

11 Followers
Capitec, South Africa’s biggest retail bank by customers, has changed its executive remuneration policy after shareholders expressed dissatisfaction with the discretion allowed in the vesting of incentives for management.

23/04/2023

SAA was able to operate on its own

SAA must submit to the council a copy of the subscription and shareholders agreement between SAA and Takatso.

23/04/2023

Time of underhanded coalition governments has reached sell-by date, says

The time of underhanded coalition governments premised on partners gratifying each other to the detriment of citizens has reached its sell-by date, says the ANC as it outlined new rules of engagements regarding coalitions.

23/04/2023

ANC NEC MULLS INTRODUCING LAW TO MANAGE COALITION GOVERNMENTS

Briefing the media on the ANC discussion document, NEC member David Makhura said several proposals to manage coalitions had been tabled.

JOHANNESBURG - The African National Congress (ANC) is considering introducing legislation to manage coalition governments.

The matter has been up for discussion at the party's national executive committee (NEC) meeting taking place in Boksburg at the weekend.

READ: Coalition governments are not always about the people, says Mashatile

Briefing the media on the discussion document, NEC member David Makhura said several proposals had been tabled.

They include limiting the number of motions of no confidence that can be brought within a particular period.

Another proposal is that the party that received the highest number of votes lead the executive.

READ: Govt to review impact of dysfunctional coalitions on service delivery

Makhura said unlike the Democratic Alliance, it would not rule out the possibility of working with any party.

"We will not rule out working with any party that can demonstrate that it will be committed to a particular set of principles...we will not preclude that."

Lovon Precious Metals investment Of all the precious metals, gold is the most popular as an investmen

23/04/2023

President Cyril Ramaphosa no longer giving awards to Duma Ndlovu, Freek Robinson and Mike Horn

President Cyril Ramaphosa has accepted the withdrawal of three National Order award nominees — Duma Ndlovu, Freek Robinson and Mike Horn — after objections to their nominations.

Ndlovu, a poet, filmmaker and producer, was accused of playing a part in state capture before the commission chaired by chief justice Raymond Zondo. The ANC Veterans League earlier called on Ramaphosa to reconsider giving him an award, at least until his name has been cleared.

Veteran broadcaster Robinson was due to receive an award for his contribution to journalism while Horn is a South African-born explorer. The presidency said there had been some objections to their nominations without expanding.

“The National Orders are the highest awards that South Africa, through the president, bestows on citizens and eminent foreign nationals,” the presidency said in a statement on Sunday.

“Following objections from various sectors of society and on the recommendation of the National Orders Advisory Council (NOAC), President Ramaphosa has accepted the withdrawal of three nominees who were nominated to receive respective orders in a ceremony scheduled to take place on Friday, April 28 in Pretoria. The three are Mr Duma Ndlovu, Mr Freek Robinson and Mr Mike Horn from the list of 35 chosen recipients to be conferred.

“To uphold the integrity of National Orders, the NOAC will further adopt measures to strengthen the selection process. These measures include a workshop which will be undertaken by council members at the end of April. Timelines of the selection process will also be reviewed.”

23/04/2023

EFF EKURHULENI COUNCILLOR KOKETSO MOJATAU KILLED IN SUSPECTED HIJACKING

Koketso Mojatau, the City of Ekurhuleni's former deputy chairperson and a longstanding EFF member, was killed early on Sunday morning.

JOHANNESBURG – A former Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) regional deputy chairperson and councillor in Ekurhuleni has died.

The party said Koketso Mojatau was killed in the early hours of Sunday morning, in what is believed to be a hijacking.

Mojapelo was a long-standing member of the EFF, serving as a regional deputy chairperson in the city for over three years.

The party passed its condolences to his family, friends, and fellow politicians.

21/04/2023

Asset Forfeiture Unit awarded R583.8m order against ex-ABB SA employees, wives
TimesLIVE Premium has learnt the restraint order was already in the process of being served and enforced against six accused and 14 interested parties

The Asset Forfeiture Unit has been awarded a provisional restraint order valued at R583.8m against former employees of ABB South Africa, their wives and Eskom subcontractors.

20/04/2023

Ramaphosa

‘I wasn’t briefed about identities of ministers allegedly involved in Eskom graft’ – Ramaphosa

Cape Town – President Cyril Ramaphosa has reportedly said that he is “in the dark” about the identities of ministers allegedly involved in corruption at Eskom.

Ramaphosa said he had not been briefed about the identities of the ministers.

“I was not briefed about the identities of people who are allegedly involved in cartels in Eskom,” Ramaphosa said, in response to a parliamentary question from the Democratic Alliance (DA).

Former Eskom CEO André de Ruyter revealed during a television interview that he had informed a Cabinet minister about Eskom corruption involving senior politicians.

De Ruyter alleged that high-ranking government officials were involved in the corruption at Eskom.

He was asked if Eskom was a feeding trough for the ANC, and he said that it was.

ALSO READ | Eskom graft: De Ruyter agrees to appear before Scopa

“I would say the evidence suggests that it is. I expressed my concern to a senior government minister about attempts, in my view, to water down governance around the 8.5 billion USD that, by in large through Eskom’s intervention, we got at COP26.

“And the response was essentially, ‘you have to be pragmatic. In order to pursue the greater good, you have to enable some people to eat a little bit’,” De Ruyter said.

He alleged that at least R1 billion was stolen at Eskom every month.

But Ramaphosa said that neither the national security advisor, Sydney Mufamadi, or Minister Pravin Gordhan, whose department is responsible for Eskom, had told him about the identities of the two ministers who were allegedly connected to the cartels.

The president said he was advised that in terms of section 34 of the Prevention and Combating of Corrupt Activities Act, De Ruyter “was a person who holds a position of authority” and therefore, had a duty to report corrupt transactions to any police official.

ALSO READ | Eskom corruption: De Ruyter must name implicated ANC politicians, says Zuma

“Once any such person has presented evidence to an appropriate law enforcement agency, such agency should take whatever action it deems relevant,” Ramaphosa said.

DA chief whip Siviwe Gwarube said Ramaphosa’s response showed that had instituted no investigative action into a series of very serious allegations made by De Ruyter.

“In true Ramaphosa fashion, the President has shirked responsibility entirely by sitting on his hands and doing nothing.

“Instead, President Ramaphosa has not only ignored the public’s plea to rid Eskom of corruption and fix the load shedding disaster, but also proven to the entire country that despite his renewed mandate at the ANC’s National Conference in December last year, he is unable to clean up and clean out his party and his government, both of which continue to inflict increasing misery and suffering on our country and its people,” Gwarube said.

He added: South Africans expect their President to take such allegations seriously, immediately suspend any of the cabinet ministers facing such allegations, and launch an investigation to get to the bottom of the matter. Instead, it is business-as-usual for President Ramaphosa.

De Ruyter is due to appear before the Standing Committee on Public Accounts (Scopa) in the National Assembly next week, where his allegations will be tested and unpacked.

Follow African Insider on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram

Picture: Twitter/

For more African news, visit Africaninsider.com

Compiled by vundekwa mohlabi

First with the latest african news, breaking news, business news, and more on africaninsider.com

20/04/2023

Pretoria - An accountant accused of allegedly stealing over R5 million from his employer appeared briefly in the Rustenburg Magistrate's Court where he was released on R10 000 bail on Wednesday.

Evan Mutale, 44, is facing 21 charges of fraud and three alternative charges of money laundering.

NPA spokesperson in North West division, Henry Mamothame, said Mutale is a Zambian national but has a fixed residential address as well as properties in South Africa.

“He is also confirmed to be working in the country and has no previous convictions,” he said.

Mutale was employed at Jaira Constructions and Projects, where he worked as an accountant, responsible for managing accounts, payroll, and loading payments.

More on this

“It is alleged that between September 2019 and November 2020, Mutale fraudulently transferred money into an account belonging to an individual who has no links to the company but is known to him.

“These transactions were allegedly done under the pretence of paying a service provider for services rendered to the company. In the process, he deceived his supervisor to make final authorisations for money to be transferred into his accomplice’s bank account,” said Mamothame.

He said investigations revealed that some of this money was later transferred to his own bank account, resulting in the State charging him for money laundering.

"Police aren’t ruling out the possibility of making more arrests,“ added Mamothame.

Meanwhile, Director of Public Prosecutions in the North West, Dr Rachel Makhari together with the provincial police commissioner, Lieutenant General Sello Kwena, expressed their satisfaction with the progress made following the arrest of the accused and the speed at which court processes are being conducted.

Mutale will appear again in the Specialised Commercial Crimes Court on 21 April 2023.

Lovon Precious Metals investment Of all the precious metals, gold is the most popular as an investmen