30/08/2025
"I might have simply settled down into an armchair literary life. I really don't know why I didn't."
Edward Carpenter
– August 29, 1844
Gay Rights Activist, Socialist, Feminist, Pacifist, Vegetarian, Nudist, Mystic, Poet, Essayist, Sandal–wearer, challenger of most values of modern Western Civilization, Edward Carpenter had an impact on the culture and politics of the Victorian and Edwardian eras. He enjoyed friendships with Walt Whitman, Oscar Wilde, E.M. Forster, Isadora Duncan, and Emma Goldman.
Unusual for his day, he gave public lectures for the working-class. He practiced what he preached, giving away most of his money and earning a living as a sandal-maker, lecturer, and journalist.
In 1891, after a chance meeting on a train, he and George Merrill, an uneducated worker, became lovers. In 1898, when Carpenter was 54 years old and Merrill was just 32, they set up house together, unheard of in England which was profoundly anti-gay after Oscar Wilde's trials three years earlier. Carpenter and Merrill lived openly as a couple for the next 30 years, until Merrill's passing. Their love affair, crossing the classes, was the inspiration for their friend E.M. Forster's novel MAURICE.
Carpenter felt that it was natural for people to settle down into a single deep permanent union, but also normal that along the way they should experience a variety of relationships and s*xual adventures. He visualized a society with love and devotion between individuals without jealousy, eschewing social opinions, or religious and legal unions. Carpenter considered s*x a good thing and not a cause of human sinfulness. His opinions were revolutionary in his era, and they'd make MAGA's heads explode today.
Merrill died unexpectedly in January 1928. In May 1928, Carpenter suffered a stroke. He was taken in June 1929, exactly 40 years before the Stonewall Riots.
Carpenter managed to avoid scandal and disgrace like Wilde. He made no secret of his relationship with Merrill, he was discreet, but they lived in isolation in the countryside. His controversial books avoided prosecution despite having been investigated by the morals police many times.