23/07/2024
๐๐ฅ๐๐ฑ๐๐ง๐๐๐ซ ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ (1707-1766), born in County Donegal, Ireland and having emigrated to the American colonies with his family in 1714, became the first Covenanter minister in America. He was the first man in America to publicly call for armed resistance to British tyranny in 1743 when he and others renewed the Solemn League and Covenant in Middle Octorara, Pennsylvania. He was also one of the founding ministers of Hanover Presbytery in 1755. He ministered in Pennsylvania, Virginia and North Carolina, and in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, he served seven different congregations.
Alexander Craighead was the son and grandson of Presbyterian ministers and one of his two sons also became a Presbyterian minister. Two of his six daughters also married Presbyterian ministers: Agnes Craighead married William Richardson, and Rachel Craighead married David Caldwell.
Alexander Craighead is considered the spiritual father of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, which was signed by a numbers of men he had taught before his death.
"Rev. Alexander Craighead exercised a most wonderful influence in Mecklenburg county โ before the county was laid off โ both for Church and State. In [1757] he and his friends came to Rocky River and Sugar Creek, and there he taught the people the great truths of the Gospel and of Liberty which are indissolubly connected. Presbyterianism and Republicanism best flourish together. In the decayed monarchies of Europe, the hard and rigorous laws by which the people are held under priestcraft, are inimical to the growth of free governments. Mr. Craighead was the main leader in building the seven first churches in this county. They were all established about 1762, but it is more than probable that they had stands, or groves, for three or five years earlier. Over twenty of the members of the Convention of Charlotte, who on May 20, 1775, produced the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, were connected with the seven Presbyterian churches of the county, two of which were Rocky River and Sugar Creek. From these two the other five took โlife and being.โ Such were the men who, when informed of the troubles โto the eastward,โ rallied to the cry: โThe cause of Boston is the cause of all.โ
With Craighead they held that the right of the people were as divine as the rights of kings, for their fathers, and they themselves had often listened in rapt attention to his thrilling eloquence, and felt as if himself were he on whose sole arm hung victory. Although Mr. Craighead died before the convention of May 20, 1775, at Charlotte, yet to the whole American Nation should revere his memory as the fearless champion of those principles of civil and religious freedom, which they now enjoy, and which first found expression from his old comrades in the immortal Declaration, the true date of which, in the language of another, โHas been as clearly established as the given name of any citizen then living in the county.โโ โ John B. Alexander, ๐โ๐ ๐ป๐๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ฆ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ถ๐๐ข๐๐ก๐ฆ ๐น๐๐๐ 1740 ๐ก๐ 1900 (1902), pp. 48-49