26/09/2024
Analysis of the CBN Monetary Policy Committee decisions at it's September meeting by Jude Ezugwu FCA
*MPR (Monetary Policy Rate):* The interest rate at which the CBN lends to commercial banks has been increased to 27.25%. This means loans from banks are likely to become more expensive.
*CRR (Cash Reserve Ratio):* Commercial banks must now hold 50% of their deposits in reserve with the CBN. For merchant banks, this is 16%. This reduces the amount of money banks have available to lend.
*LR (Liquidity Ratio):* Banks are required to keep 30% of their total deposits in liquid assets like cash or government bonds to ensure they have enough money to meet short-term obligations.
*AC (Asymmetric Corridor):* The rate banks earn on deposits with the CBN is higher (+500 basis points), but they will lose more if they borrow from the CBN (-100 basis points).
*2. Significance (Positively and Negatively) to Nigeria's Economy*
*Positive Impacts:*
*_Attracting Foreign Investment:_* Higher interest rates could attract foreign portfolio investors looking for better returns, which could help stabilise the exchange rate and increase foreign reserves.
*_Inflation Control:_* By raising the MPR and tightening the CRR, the CBN reduces the money supply. This helps to slow down inflation by reducing demand.
*Negative Impacts:*
*_Higher Cost of Borrowing:_* Increasing the MPR makes loans more expensive for businesses and individuals, potentially reducing investment and spending, which could slow down economic growth.
*_Limited Access to Credit:_* With the CRR at 50%, commercial banks have less money to lend. This could make it more difficult for businesses, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to access the credit they need.