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Native American Culture Native American Indians are an important part of the culture of the United States.
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Herman Lehmann (1859-1932) was a German immigrant who was captured, along with his younger brother Willie, by a band of ...
04/06/2024

Herman Lehmann (1859-1932) was a German immigrant who was captured, along with his younger brother Willie, by a band of Apache raiders in 1870 near Loyal Valley in southeastern Mason County, Texas. While his brother escaped captivity and returned home after 9 days, Herman was adopted by his Apache captor, Carnoviste. There he underwent tribal initiation and warrior training which would use him later in life when he joined war parties against the Texas Rangers, Comanches and Mexicans. After his adoptive father was killed, Herman killed an Apache medicine man and had to spend a year alone on the plains. At the expiration of his solitude he joined the Comanches, who called him Montechena and with whom he fought the Tonkawas and U.S. cavalry regiments. After the cessation of hostilities between the Comanches and the U.S, Herman settled down at the Fort Sill reservation where he was adopted by Quanah Parker. However, he was required to return to his family in 1878 after 8 years with the Natives, as he was a white captive. Back home Herman could not adapt to his old life, as he wouldn't eat pork or sleep in a bed, wore body paint, leggings and feathers and attempted to kill the neighbor's pigs and calves. After some time he relearned German, learned English and did numerous odd jobs. He married twice and had 5 children. Herman always stayed in touch with his Native brothers and was a local celebrity in his town for his skills in riding, roping and archery. Herman is pictured on the left and his adoptive father Quanah on the right.

A pueblo mother and infant. 1890. Source - Princeton Digital Library.
30/05/2024

A pueblo mother and infant. 1890. Source - Princeton Digital Library.

The Inuit people can't be imagined without their signature parkas, fashioned from fur and hide of the local wildlife. On...
20/05/2024

The Inuit people can't be imagined without their signature parkas, fashioned from fur and hide of the local wildlife. One of the many reasons why early European voyages into the Arctic circle failed is because they were underprepared for the extreme weather conditions of the north. They wore wool clothing, which kept them hot on the inside, but made them sweat a lot, which made their clothing freeze in the extreme temperatures. The Inuit never faced this problem, as they have been making their parkas from caribou deer or seal hide from as early as 22,000 BC (Siberia). The production of these parkas took weeks, and the tradition of making them was passed down from mother to daughter, taking years to master. Depending on the geographical location of the tribes, the design of the parkas varied according to the types of animals available. Beadwork, fringes and pendants frequently decorated the clothing. Roald Amundsen was the first explorer who outfitted his crew with Inuit clothing, which enabled him to successfully circumvent the North-West Passage in 1906. In the 20th century the use of traditional Inuit clothing declined, but it has seen a recent resurgence, as the Inuit strive to preserve their culture.

More than a thousand people from around the country and even from Canada showed up to the newly remodeled All Event Cent...
14/05/2024

More than a thousand people from around the country and even from Canada showed up to the newly remodeled All Event Center in Browning, Montana, to celebrate and see Piiṫǎak̇ii (Eagle Woman), be honored and receive a stand-up headdress.

The Klamath people are a Native American tribe of the Plateau culture area in Southern Oregon and Northern California. T...
13/05/2024

The Klamath people are a Native American tribe of the Plateau culture area in Southern Oregon and Northern California. Today Klamath people are enrolled in the federally recognized tribes:
Klamath Tribes (Klamath, Modoc, and Yahooskin (Yahuskin) Band of Northern Paiute Indians), Oregon
Quartz Valley Indian Community (Klamath, Karuk (Karok), and Shasta (Chasta) people), California.
History
The Klamath people lived in the area around the Upper Klamath Lake (E-ukshi - “Lake”) and the Klamath, Williamson (Kóke - “River”), Wood River (E-ukalksini Kóke), and Sprague (Plaikni Kóke - “River Uphill”) rivers. They subsisted primarily on fish and gathered roots and seeds. While there was knowledge of their immediate neighbors, apparently the Klamath were unaware of the existence of the Pacific Ocean. Gatschet has described this position as leaving the Klamath living in a "protracted isolation" from outside cultures.
North of their tribal territory lived the Molala (Kuikni maklaks), in the northeast and east in the desert-like plains were various Northern Paiute bands (Shá'ttumi, collective term for Northern Paiute, Bannock and Northern Shoshone) - among them the Goyatöka Band ("Crayfish Eaters"), direct south their Modoc kin (Mo'dokni maklaks - "Southern People, i.e. Tule Lake People") with whom they shared the Modoc Plateau, in the southwest were living Shasta peoples (S[h]asti maklaks) and the Klamath River further downstream the Karuk and Yurok (both: Skatchpalikni - "People along the Scott River"), in the west and northwest were the Latgawa ("Upland Takelma") (according to Spier: Walumskni - "Enemy"[a]) and Takelma/Dagelma ("Lowland/River Takelma") (more likely both were called: Wálamsknitumi, Wálamskni maklaks - “Rogue River People”). Beyond the Cascade Range (Yámakisham Yaina - “mountains of the Northerners”) in the Rogue River Valley (Wálamsh) lived the "Rogue "River" Athabascan (Wálamsknitumi, Wálamskni maklaks - “Rogue River People”) and further south along the Pit Ri

They should teach the true sad History of Indian Frybread...That 'ol Indian Fry Bread' made of lard & flour."Do you know...
09/05/2024

They should teach the true sad History of Indian Frybread...
That 'ol Indian Fry Bread' made of lard & flour.
"Do you know where the 'idea' of frybread comes from, young one?", asked the Elder. He said, "The U.S. had forcibly removed our people from our homeland, confined them to reservations and cut their rations by half".
Everyone sat back to listen and looked so eager to hear the story this beautiful Elder was about to tell, all smiles...
"Buggy flour and rancid lard", he said softly with his head down... "Flour, you know, with bugs in it, and lard that had gone bad... that was all we got from the Indian Agent". Eyes were shocked. "That was all we had to cook with, it was all we had to eat... Buggy flour and rancid lard... And so we 'cooked' with both... That is how this European mystical and wonderful idea of 'frybread' came about... I just thought I would tell you."

Irwin worked in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Arizona in the 1890s and early 1900s, and specialized in photographing Native A...
08/05/2024

Irwin worked in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Arizona in the 1890s and early 1900s, and specialized in photographing Native Americans. This photograph is an albumen print mounted on a cabinet card, archived in the Western History Collections of the University of Oklahoma Libraries, and featured in A Stylistic Analysis of American Indian Portrait Photography in Oklahoma, 1869-1904 (2001) by Amy Nelson. The woman’s dress is decorated with elk teeth.

Geronimos daughter Lenna, photo ca.1900. Lenna was born in 1886 in Fort Marion, St.Augustine, Fl, while her father was p...
07/05/2024

Geronimos daughter Lenna, photo ca.1900. Lenna was born in 1886 in Fort Marion, St.Augustine, Fl, while her father was prisoner there. The Medical staff gave her the name Marion, after the fort, but she took back the name Lenna when returning to the South-West. Lenna Geronimo, the daughter of Geronimo and Ih-tedda, a Mescalero Apache, was the full sister of Robert Geronimo, Geronimos only living son.
Lenna was Bedonkohe-Mescalero Apach

Cynthia Ann ParkerShe also known as Naduah (Comanche: Narua) was a white woman who was notable for having been captured ...
06/05/2024

Cynthia Ann Parker
She also known as Naduah (Comanche: Narua) was a white woman who was notable for having been captured at about age nine, by a Comanche war band and adopted into the tribe. Twenty-four years later she was discovered and taken captive by Texas Rangers, at approximately age 33, and unwillingly taken back to European-American society. Her Comanche name means "someone found" in English.
Thoroughly assimilated as Comanche, Parker had married Peta Nocona, a chief. They had three children together, including son Quanah Parker, who became the last free Comanche chief.
Parker became assimilated into the tribe. She was adopted by a Tenowish Comanche couple, who raised her as their own daughter. She became Comanche in every sense. She married Peta Nocona, a chief. They enjoyed a happy marriage. As a tribute to his great affection to her, he never took another wife, although it was traditional for chieftains to have several wives. They had three children: Quanah, who became the last free Comanche chief

Yellow Eyes was an informant for Sitting Bull. She joined Sitting Bull at the Battle of Little Bighorn, escaped with him...
05/05/2024

Yellow Eyes was an informant for Sitting Bull. She joined Sitting Bull at the Battle of Little Bighorn, escaped with him to Canada in 1877 and later returned and surrendered with him in 1881.
In regard to my great-great-grandmother, Yellow Eyes, a Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux with Sitting Bull's band. That I have evidence that she and her husband and children were at the Battle of the Little Big Horn and stayed with him into exile in Canada is true. I have Frank Bennett Fiske photos of her in 1903 at Fort Yates and lots of oral history from my grandfather and his siblings.
She is on the twelth census of the United States in 1900 and states she was approx. 72.
She was living on the Standing Rock Sioux Resevation from 1886 until her death in 1905 or 1906. She left Canada when Sitting Bull surrendered in 1881 but went to Fort Peck with some of the warriors, possibly her sons and husband.
The 2 husbands I have researched of Yellow Eyes were Ihanyake and Holy Bear. I have three different spellings of Yellow Eyes. The one on the 1900 census is very difficult to make out. Our family has know her as Ishtazi or Istha Zha Zha in Lakota. — Dorothy Eiken
I was trying to find Yellow Eyes in the Sitting Bull Surrender Census, taken at Standing Rock in Aug.-Sept. 1881. There are several women named Yellow Eyes:
#48. age 30. Wife of Fine Voice Eagle, Crow King's band, Hunkpapa.
#309. age 70. Grandmother of High Hill and Brings Plenty. Circle Bear's Band, Sans Arc.
#318. age 25. Wife of Afraid of Enemy. Circle Bear's band, Sans Arc.
#352. age 21. sister-in-law of Mato Yahapi. Hump's band, Minnecoujou.
#714. age 10. daugher of Boy Horse, Grass' band, Blackfeet Lakota.
#494. Brown Eyes, age 40, wife of Good Thunder. Big Road's band, Oglala. — Ephriam Dickson
Yellow Eyes would not be on the surrender census at Standing Rock in Sept. of 1881. She did not accompany Sitting Bull and his people to Fort Buford or Standing Rock, or Fort Robinson in 1881. She went with the warriors who were afraid t

“Hot pursuit” by Don Oelze.♥️
02/05/2024

“Hot pursuit” by Don Oelze.♥️

THE TOMAHAWH;The Tomahawk, an offensive tool par excellence together with a bow and arrows at the time of the first clas...
02/05/2024

THE TOMAHAWH;
The Tomahawk, an offensive tool par excellence together with a bow and arrows at the time of the first clashes between whites and Indians (and even earlier, in the daily use of the various tribes), is the combat hatchet of Native Americans. In truth it was used for a very long time also by the European colonists as it had numerous merits and, among these, there was that it also lent itself to being launched.
The name, Tomahawk, is the exact transliteration in English of the term used by the Algonquin of Virginia from which the whites heard about it for the first time.
Originally the head of the Indian tomahawk was made with a simple piece of worked stone, or with the bison's jaw, but with the arrival of the Europeans and the start of commercial exchanges everything changed and from that moment only iron or brass and heads were used pre-packaged by European craftsmen or settlers.
The handle of the tomahawks was usually less than 60 centimeters long and made of Carya wood. The head had a weight that could go from about 250 to 550 grams, with a blade no longer than 10 centimeters. At the opposite end of the blade there could be a small hammer, a point or simply be rounded.
In the various museums of indigenous art there are many examples of Indian tomahawks, mainly with the metal head and in the different shapes just described.
The stone heads were made of soapstone, and some specimens used in rituals were carved.
The Europeans made some specimens both in stone and metal with the hollow handle and a pipe integrated in the head to be able to smoke to***co.
the tomahawk was predominantly an offensive tool; he could strike with fair precision from a good distance and was silent, as well as tremendously effective. Of course, a non-offensive use could not be missing, for example for cutting wood or cleaning the long poles for the tents of the Plains Indians.

Two Leggins (c. 1845-1923) River Crow.Take part in many battles with traditional Indian enemies. He had little influence...
01/05/2024

Two Leggins (c. 1845-1923) River Crow.
Take part in many battles with traditional Indian enemies. He had little influence in the tribe and was not much different from other members of the community, but from 1919 to 1923 he told his life story to Montana businessman and amateur anthropologist William Wildschute. , whose recordings were later reworked by Peter Nabokov. The result of his work was the biography "Two Leggins: The Formation of the Crow Warrior", which is one of the sources on the history and culture of the Crow of the second half of the 19th century. Two Leggins (c. 1845-1923) River Crow.
Take part in many battles with traditional Indian enemies. He had little influence in the tribe and was not much different from other members of the community, but from 1919 to 1923 he told his life story to Montana businessman and amateur anthropologist William Wildschute. , whose recordings were later reworked by Peter Nabokov. The result of his work was the biography "Two Leggins: The Formation of the Crow Warrior", which is one of the sources on the history and culture of the Crow of the second half of the 19th century.

The elk has two incisor teeth that do not break down and decay like its other teeth. The people of the northern plains u...
30/04/2024

The elk has two incisor teeth that do not break down and decay like its other teeth. The people of the northern plains use these for decoration and once used them as a type of currency. It takes a long time for a hunter to save enough teeth to cover a dress. If a family has the means, they might trade for these precious teeth. Each tooth is usually drilled with a single hole to be sewn on the dress or made into jewelry. They may cover a caplet of a dress, the bodice of the dress, or the dress down to the knees. So a dress may have more added over time as the family obtains them. Women and girls wear their elk tooth dresses, if they have them, on ceremonial occasions. The dress displays the family’s status, hunting ability, and ability to trade.
Crow woman in an elk tooth dress.

Today is my 3rd birthday! 🎂🎂🎂🎂🎂
29/04/2024

Today is my 3rd birthday! 🎂🎂🎂🎂🎂

Wise words and Blessings By Don Oelze.♥️
29/04/2024

Wise words and Blessings By Don Oelze.♥️

Tacankpe Luta (aka Scarlet Colored War Club, aka Red Tomahawk, aka Marcellus Red Tomahawk) - Yanktonai Dakota/Hunkpapa L...
28/04/2024

Tacankpe Luta (aka Scarlet Colored War Club, aka Red Tomahawk, aka Marcellus Red Tomahawk) - Yanktonai Dakota/Hunkpapa Lakota - before his death in 1931

Little Horse, an Oglala Sioux man. 1899. Photo by Heyn photo
28/04/2024

Little Horse, an Oglala Sioux man. 1899. Photo by Heyn photo

Brushing-Against and Little-Squint-Eyes, two San Carlos Apache women.The role of Native American women in their tribal s...
27/04/2024

Brushing-Against and Little-Squint-Eyes, two San Carlos Apache women.
The role of Native American women in their tribal societies differed from tribe to tribe, and was, in some cases, the polar opposite of the European culture which the settlers brought with them. For example, in the Iroquois Confederacy (People of the Longhouse) women were heads of their tribes. They appointed men to political positions, and removed them if they didn't fulfill their duties. When Europeans first encountered them, they asked to see the head chieftain, which caused a lot of confusion as the Iroquois didn't have male leaders. On the other side of the continent, in the Comancheria, the Comanche women skinned and harvested bison, took care of children, and had other duties which were more similar to the Europeans. Native American heritage was matrilineal, meaning one's heritage was tracked from their mother's side.

RETURNING WITH WOOD:Water is life and fire is comfort and joy.Image Courtesy~JohnClymer
27/04/2024

RETURNING WITH WOOD:

Water is life and fire is comfort and joy.

Image Courtesy~JohnClymer

Yesterday I got my Native amrican Doormat❤️Afterwards I posted it on my time line. But no one responded.😢I expect people...
26/04/2024

Yesterday I got my Native amrican Doormat❤️Afterwards I posted it on my time line. But no one responded.😢I expect people will like my Metal sign on this group.

Artwork found on Pinterest ❤
26/04/2024

Artwork found on Pinterest ❤

Crow Chief Plenty Coups. Early 1900s. Richard Throssel Collection, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming.
26/04/2024

Crow Chief Plenty Coups. Early 1900s. Richard Throssel Collection, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming.

❤ Artwork found on Pinterest ❤
24/04/2024

❤ Artwork found on Pinterest ❤

Trails That Leave No Tracks by Martin Grelle.♥️
24/04/2024

Trails That Leave No Tracks by Martin Grelle.♥️

Offerings on the Wind by Martin Grelle.♥️^
23/04/2024

Offerings on the Wind by Martin Grelle.♥️^

Indian In Full Dress
22/04/2024

Indian In Full Dress

The Great Bear Hunt by Don Oelze.♥️
21/04/2024

The Great Bear Hunt by Don Oelze.♥️

Sundown Warrior by Martin Grelle.♥️
21/04/2024

Sundown Warrior by Martin Grelle.♥️

History of the Jingle Dress DanceThe Jingle Dress Dance began with the Mille Lacs Band of the Ojibwe Tribe in the early ...
20/04/2024

History of the Jingle Dress Dance
The Jingle Dress Dance began with the Mille Lacs Band of the Ojibwe Tribe in the early 1900s and became prevalent in the 1920s in Wisconsin and Minnesota (Great Lakes region) in the US and in Ontario, Canada.
The story is that the dress was first seen in a dream. A medicine man’s granddaughter grew sick, and as the man slept his Indian spirit guides came to him and told him to make a Jingle Dress for the little girl. They said if the child danced in it, the dress would heal her. The Jingle Dress was made, and the tribe came together to watch the child dance. At first, the child was too sick to dance alone so her tribe carried her, but after some time, the little girl was able to dance alone, cured of her sickness.
The dance has since been not only a ritual of healing but also one of pride.
What Do Jingle Dresses Look Like?
Jingle Dresses, also known as Prayer Dresses, are believed to bring healing to those who are sick. As mentioned above, the dance gets its name from the rows of ziibaaska’iganan (metal cones) sewed to the dress. These cones are traditionally made from rolled s***f can lids and hung from the dress with ribbon close to one another, so they make a melodic sound as the girls and women dance. Traditionally, the dress is adorned with 365 visible jingles, or cones. Nowadays, these cones are often machine-made.
The dresses come in every color imaginable, from yellow to bright blue, to deep red, and accented with sparkles and even neon-colored fabrics. They are often made with shiny and sparkly materials and decorated with fringes, embroidery, beading, and more.
They usually have three-quarter length to full-length sleeves and come down to mid-calf or the ankle. They are secured at the waist with a thick belt, often made of brown leather. On their feet, the dancer wears decorative moccasins embellished with the same kind of detail found on their dresses.
What are the steps for the Jingle Dance?
As the ziibaaska’iganan hit o

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