29/06/2022
Anubis (Greek name; original Egyptian name Anpu, Inpu or Inepu) is the protector of the underworld and the dead in the ancient Egyptian faith, and later the god of embalmers of the corpses. Before the cult of Osiris spread, Anubis led the dead into the underworld. It is depicted in the form of a jackal or wild dog or a man with a jackal or dog head in the depictions.
History of Anubis
The Egyptians believe that after death, a person enters the chamber of the dead. Anubis was present as a judge in the otherworldly judgment of the deceased, so he was also called a judge of the gods. (The sign of the jackal hieroglyph also meant a judge.) Here Anubis places the heart of the dead on a scales, while in the other pan of the scales he puts the pen of Maat, the god of truth. If the heart turns out to be heavier than the pen, Ammut devours the heart.
The cult of Anubis in Kasza (Greek: Kynopolis, meaning ‘dog town’) originated in a city belonging to the 17th prefecture, but spread very early in Egypt. In the time of the Old Kingdom, Anubis was considered the god of the dead, its main signifiers being Henti-Imentiu, that is, the leader of the Western (dead), the lord of Ra-Setau (the kingdom of the dead), leading the palace of the gods.
According to the Pyramid Texts, Anubis was the chief god of the realm of the dead. Originally he was the son of the sun god, Re, the son of the goddess Hesat or Bashet in the Coffin texts, in other myths he is the son of Seth and Nebeth, or Osiris and Nebeth, whom his mother hid in the swamp to protect from the wrath of Seth. The divine child was found and raised by Isis. When Osiris left Egypt to spread his teaching throughout the world, Anubis accompanied him on his way. And when Seth killed Osiris, Anubis arranged for his burial. He covered his body with cloth, creating the first mummy. That is why Anubis was considered the creator of funeral rites.
He counted the hearts of the dead, while Osiris personified the dead pharaoh whom he had resurrected like a god. However, the duties of Anubis were later gradually transferred to Osiris, who also took over his signifiers, and Anubis became one of the gods associated with the mysteries of Osiris.It was believed that if he laid his hands on the mummy, he would, through magic, enter the “Ah”, a happy state, a spiritual light, and a new life as a result of that touch. Anubis placed the boys of Horus in the tomb around the dead and gave each one a canopy container with the embalmed internal parts of the deceased to preserve. Anubis was closely associated with Thebes necropolis, whose seal depicted as a jackal above nine prisoners.
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