11/06/2023
GENERAL SCIENCE:CELL ORGANELLES
(๐ ๐ ๐๐๐ง ๐ฅ๐ฒ๐๐ถ๐ฒ๐ ๐ก๐ผ๐๐ฒ๐: ๐๐ฒ๐ฒ๐น ๐ณ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐๐ผ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ฅ๐&๐ฆ๐๐ฉ๐)
Here's a complete list of organelles found in eukaryotic cells, along with a simple explanation of their functions:
๐ก๐จ๐๐๐๐จ๐ฆ
๐ Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities through gene expression
๐๐ก๐๐ข๐ฃ๐๐๐ฆ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฅ๐๐ง๐๐๐จ๐๐จ๐ (๐๐ฅ)
๐ฅ๐ผ๐๐ด๐ต ๐๐ฅ (with ribosomes)
๐ Involved in protein synthesis, processing, and folding.
๐ฆ๐บ๐ผ๐ผ๐๐ต ๐๐ฅ(without ribosomes)
๐ Plays a role in lipid metabolism, detoxification, and calcium storage.
๐๐ผ๐น๐ด๐ถ ๐๐ฝ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐๐๐:
๐ Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to their specific destinations.
๐ ๐๐ง๐ข๐๐๐ข๐ก๐๐ฅ๐๐
๐ Powerhouse of the cell, where energy (ATP) production occurs through cellular respiration.
๐๐ฌ๐ฆ๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐ ๐๐ฆ
๐ Contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials, cellular debris, and macromolecules.
๐ฃ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ซ๐๐ฆ๐ข๐ ๐๐ฆ
๐ Carry out various metabolic reactions, including the breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification processes.
๐ฉ๐๐๐จ๐ข๐๐๐ฆ
๐ In plant cells, large central vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste products.
๐ In animal cells, smaller vacuoles play roles in storage and transportation.
๐๐๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฃ๐๐๐ฆ๐ง (found in plant cells)
๐ Site of photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy (glucose) using chlorophyll.
๐๐ฌ๐ง๐ข๐ฆ๐๐๐๐๐ง๐ข๐ก(๐ป๐ผ๐ ๐ฎ๐ป ๐ผ๐ฟ๐ด๐ฎ๐ป๐ฒ๐น๐น๐ฒ)
๐ Provides structural support, maintains cell shape, and enables cell movement.
๐ Composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
๐๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ฟ๐ถ๐ผ๐น๐ฒ๐ (found in animal cells):
๐ Assist in cell division and the organization of microtubules during cell division.
๐ฅ๐๐๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐ ๐๐ฆ
๐ Responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein chains.
๐ก๐จ๐๐๐๐๐ฅ ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐ก๐/๐๐ก๐ฉ๐๐๐ข๐ฃ๐
๐ Double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the nucleus.
๐๐ฌ๐ง๐ข๐ฃ๐๐๐ฆ๐
๐ Gel-like fluid that fills the cell and houses various organelles, providing a medium for cellular processes
๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐ก๐ (Plasma Membrane)
๐ Outer boundary of the cell that regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining cell integrity.
