War Trauma Theory
War Trauma Theory explained in Urdu/Hindi
#trauma #theory
Rhythm Explained in Hindi Urdu
#rhythm #englishliterature #englishteacher
Rhythm Literary Studies
Literary Studies " Rhythm" Explained in Hindi Urdu #rhythm #literarystudies #englishliterature
Modern Tragedy by Raymond Williams #englishliterature #moderntragedy #raymondwilliams #PMS #englishteacher #UGC #css
Modern Tragedy by Raymond Williams
Modern Tragedy by Raymond Williams in Hindi Urdu #moderntragedy #raymondwilliams #englishliterature
Theory of Impersonality by TS Eliot or Theory of Depersonalization by T.S Eliot in Hindi Urdu
#englishteacher #englishliterature #UGC #css #PMS #ppscpreparation
Theory of Impersonality or Theory of Depersonalization by T.S Eliot
Theory of Impersonality or Theory of Depersonalization by T.S Eliot Explained in Hindi Urdu #tseliot #englishliterature
How to order Food in English #learnenglish #dailylifeenglish #englishphrases #TMNT
What is Stylistics
#lughnasadh
Tradition and Individual Talent by T.S Eliot #tseliot #englishteacher #englishliterature
Tradition and Individual Talent by TS Eliot
Tradition and Individual Talent by T.S Eliot
#tseliot #englishliterature #englishteacher
Nature and Goals of Stylistics
Nature and Goals of Stylistics
#English #stylistics #englishliterature
Conversational Principles in Stylistics #stylistic #English #literature
Conversational Principles in Stylistics
#Stylistics Conversational Principles in Stylistics in Hindi Urdu
On Fancy and Imagination by S. T. Coleridge
On Fancy and Imagination by S. T. Coleridge
What is Stylistics
What is Stylistics?
Sampling and Types of Sampling
Sampling and It's Type,
An epigram is a brief and witty saying or poem that often expresses a clever or paradoxical thought. It is a type of figure of speech that is used to convey a message in a concise and memorable way.
Epigrams are often used in literature and poetry, but they can also be found in everyday speech and conversation. They are usually characterized by their brevity, wit, and memorable nature.
Here are a few examples of famous epigrams:
"I can resist everything except temptation." - Oscar Wilde
"If you want to know what God thinks of money, just look at the people he gave it to." - Dorothy Parker
"The best way to predict the future is to invent it." - Alan Kay
As you can see, epigrams often contain a clever twist or unexpected ending that makes them memorable and thought-provoking.
#Epigram
Basic vs Advance English Sentences #basicenglish #advanceenglish
There are several schools of linguistics, including Historicism, Structuralism, Generativism, and Functionalism. Here is an overview of each of these schools:
Historicism: This school of linguistics focuses on the historical development of language. Historicism believes that the study of language should be grounded in the historical context of the language, and that language cannot be understood without understanding the historical and cultural factors that shaped it. Some prominent figures associated with Historicism include Ferdinand de Saussure, Leonard Bloomfield, and Edward Sapir.
Structuralism: This school of linguistics emphasizes the analysis of language as a system of relationships between different elements, rather than as a collection of isolated words and sounds. Structuralists believe that the structure of language reflects the structure of the human mind, and that the study of language can therefore shed light on human cognition. Some prominent figures associated with Structuralism include Ferdinand de Saussure, Roman Jakobson, and Claude Lévi-Strauss.
Generativism: This school of linguistics is based on the idea that language is an innate ability that is hard-wired into the human brain. Generativists believe that language is not learned through imitation or reinforcement, but rather through an innate capacity to generate and interpret complex grammatical structures. The most prominent figure associated with Generativism is Noam Chomsky.
Functionalism: This school of linguistics emphasizes the function of language in communication and in society. Functionalists believe that language is shaped by the social and cultural contexts in which it is used, and that the study of language must take into account its social and communicative functions. Some prominent figures associated with Functionalism include Michael Halliday and Malinowski.
It is worth noting that these schools of linguistics are not mutually exclusive, and many linguists draw on insight
Phonology is a subfield of linguistics that deals with the study of the sound system of languages. It is concerned with the organization and use of sounds (phonemes) in a particular language or languages, and the rules governing the distribution and combination of those sounds.
Phonology examines the properties of individual sounds (such as their place and manner of articulation), as well as how they function in relation to one another in a language's sound system. It also looks at how sounds can be combined and altered to create meaningful units of language, such as syllables and words.
One of the main goals of phonology is to identify the underlying phonological rules or patterns that speakers use to produce and interpret speech. For example, a phonologist might study the rules that determine when a certain sound is pronounced differently depending on the sounds that come before or after it in a word.
Phonology is an important field of study because it provides insight into the structure and organization of language. It can help us understand how different languages are related to one another, as well as how language evolves over time.
There are several major concepts in phonology that are essential to understanding the study of the sound systems of languages. Here are some of the most important:
Phoneme: A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish one word from another. For example, in English, the sounds /b/ and /p/ are distinct phonemes because they can be used to differentiate words such as "bat" and "pat."
Allophone: An allophone is a variant form of a phoneme that occurs in different contexts. For example, in English, the "p" sound in "spin" is pronounced with a small puff of air (aspirated) at the beginning of the word, while in "pin" it is not aspirated. These two different pronunciations of the same phoneme are allophones.
Syllable: A syllable is a unit of sound that typically consists of a vowel or vowel-like sound a
A simile is a figure of speech that compares two things using the words "like" or "as" to create a descriptive comparison. For example, "Her eyes sparkled like diamonds" or "His voice was as smooth as silk." Similes are often used in literature and poetry to create vivid imagery and help the reader understand and visualize a concept or feeling.
A metaphor is a figure of speech that compares two things by stating that one thing is another thing. Unlike a simile, it does not use the words "like" or "as". For example, "Her eyes were diamonds sparkling in the sunlight" or "His voice was silk, smooth and soothing." Metaphors are often used in literature and poetry to create powerful imagery and convey complex ideas and emotions in a concise and impactful way.
In literature, a conceit is a type of extended metaphor that draws a comparison between two vastly different things, often in a clever or surprising way. Unlike a regular metaphor, a conceit is typically sustained over several lines or throughout an entire poem or piece of literature.
For example, John Donne's "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" uses a conceit comparing two lovers' souls to the feet of a compass, which remain connected even as they move in different directions. Another famous example of a conceit is in William Shakespeare's sonnet 18, where the speaker compares the beauty of his beloved to a summer's day.
Conceits were particularly popular in Renaissance poetry, but they can still be found in modern literature as well.
Langue and Parole, Competence and Performance, Diachronic/Synchronic, and Paradigmatic/Syntagmatic Relations are all important concepts in linguistics.
Langue and Parole: These are two concepts introduced by the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure to distinguish between the underlying system of language (langue) and its actual use in speech or writing (parole). Langue is the abstract system of rules and conventions that allow speakers to communicate, while parole refers to the actual instances of language use in context.
Competence and Performance: These are two related concepts introduced by the linguist Noam Chomsky to distinguish between the idealized knowledge of a language (competence) and the actual use of that knowledge in communication (performance). Competence refers to the idealized knowledge of a language, while performance refers to the actual use of that knowledge in communication.
Diachronic/Synchronic: These are two approaches to the study of language change. Diachronic linguistics studies how languages change over time, while synchronic linguistics focuses on the study of language at a single point in time.
Paradigmatic/Syntagmatic Relations: These are two types of relationships between linguistic units. Paradigmatic relations involve the substitution of one unit for another in a given position in a sentence or discourse, while syntagmatic relations involve the combination of units in a linear order to form a larger unit. For example, in the sentence "I ate an apple", the word "apple" can be substituted with "banana" (paradigmatic relation), but it cannot be moved to a different position in the sentence without changing the meaning (syntagmatic relation).
These concepts are all important for understanding how language works and how it changes over time. They provide a framework for analyzing the complex systems of rules and conventions that allow us to communicate with one another.
Manners of articulation refer to the way in which the airstream is modified as it passes through the vocal tract to produce speech sounds. There are several manners of articulation, including:
Plosive or stop consonants: These are sounds that are produced by completely stopping the airflow through the mouth and then releasing it suddenly. Examples in English include /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/.
Fricative consonants: These are sounds that are produced by forcing air through a narrow gap in the mouth, causing friction. Examples in English include /f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /sh/, and /h/.
Affricate consonants: These are sounds that begin like plosives, with a complete stop of airflow, but are released slowly like fricatives. Examples in English include /ch/ and /j/ (as in "chair" and "jump," respectively).
Nasal consonants: These are sounds that are produced by directing air through the nose rather than the mouth. Examples in English include /m/, /n/, and /ng/ (as in "sing").
Approximant consonants: These are sounds that are produced by bringing the articulators (such as the tongue or lips) close together, but not to the point of creating friction. Examples in English include /l/, /r/, and /w/.
Lateral consonants: These are sounds that are produced by allowing air to pass around the sides of the tongue, while blocking the airflow through the center of the mouth. The only example in English is /l/.
Places of articulation, on the other hand, refer to the specific location in the mouth where a speech sound is produced. There are several places of articulation, including:
Bilabial: These sounds are produced by bringing the two lips together. Examples in English include /p/, /b/, and /m/.
Labiodental: These sounds are produced by bringing the lower lip into contact with the upper teeth. Examples in English include /f/ and /v/.
Dental: These sounds are produced by placing the tongue against the upper front teeth. Examples in English include /θ/ and /ð/.
Alveolar: T
3 Common Phrasal in English
#learnenglish #3commonphrasal #commomphrasalinenglish
Christopher Marlowe Writer's Introduction Works Style and Themes explained in Urdu/Hindi
William Blake Writer's Introduction Works Style and Themes explained in Urdu/Hindi
Francis Bacon Writer's Introduction Works Style and Themes explained in Urdu/Hindi
Language and Decolonization #Postcolonial_Studies
