13/10/2021
journalist Mahmud Turkia
Mr. Fathi Bashagha's interview with AFP News Agency AFP News Agency journalist:
Former Interior Minister Fathi Bashagha - so far the only Libyan to announce his candidacy for the presidential elections scheduled for December 24 - said that he would prioritize security and economic reforms if he was elected.
The election comes in a year that has started poorly for the 59-year-old minister. Last February, he was narrowly defeated in the interim premiership elections held as part of a UN-led peace effort. That same month, he also survived what his aides described as an assassination attempt on the "Planning Court" - his convoy was attacked by a hail of bullets on a highway near Tripoli.
However, Bashagha - one of the most important politicians in Libya and one of the most prominent supporters of efforts to integrate the militias deployed in Libya - decided not to back down.
In an interview with AFP in the garden of his house on the outskirts of Tripoli, Bashagha stated that he wants to help Libya get back on its feet by reviving the deteriorating economy due to the crisis.
"Security and economic reform complement each other," he said.
He added, "It is necessary to develop an urgent plan to implement the necessary economic reforms and raise the value of the dinar against the dollar, and the private sector must be encouraged."
The December elections are part of the United Nations' efforts to turn the page on a decade of violence in Libya, more than a year after the historic ceasefire between forces in the east and west.
The Government of National Unity assumed power last March, and was entrusted with the task of leading Libya towards presidential and parliamentary elections, a process that was overshadowed by differences, especially over the legal basis on which the elections would be held after the state of division and collapse that the country witnessed many years ago.
During his four-decade rule, dictator Muammar Gaddafi pursued a centrally planned economy system that relied only on revenues from the country's oil reserves - the largest in Africa.
This system collapsed as the country plunged into conflict after the overthrow of Gaddafi in 2011, which left many Libyans impoverished and without access to basic services.
The next administration will face enormous challenges to rebuild the damaged infrastructure and state institutions.
Bashagha also says that the unification of the country should include the local authorities; He stated, "Local government should be strengthened through a system of decentralization across municipalities and local authorities."
Libya has seen a year of relative peace since a ceasefire last October following a failed attempt by eastern military commander Khalifa Haftar to seize the capital, Tripoli, in the west, but bitter rivalries remain.
Some analysts have warned of a return to conflict if the elections are canceled - or if they are held, but produce controversial results.
In this regard, Bashagha stated, "The elections must go ahead, otherwise there will certainly be a political conflict, which I fear will turn into an armed conflict."
The period leading up to the elections witnessed many disagreements over the legal basis on which the voting would take place.
"Some politicians do not want to hold elections because that would threaten their personal interests," Bashagha said.
He added, "Some Libyans also fear electing the wrong person, whether from the previous regime or a military figure."
Last September, the eastern-based Libyan House of Representatives approved a draft law on presidential elections, which critics say bypasses legal procedures and is designed in a way that allows General Khalifa Haftar, who temporarily resigned from the army, to run.
Seif al-Islam, the son of Muammar Gaddafi, gave a rare interview to the New York Times last July, in which he indicated that he might run as well.
The elections come after years of United Nations efforts to end the violence that has plagued Libya since the fall of Gaddafi.
Bashagha participated in the UN-led talks in Morocco in 2015 that led to the formation of a previous unity government.
However, it was his tenure as Minister of Interior from 2018 to 2021 that brought him to the national level, especially through the campaign he launched to curb the influence of militias deployed in Libya and integrate them into the state.
"Libya needs a comprehensive reform of its security apparatus," Bashagha told AFP.
"It needs one army, which should not be difficult to achieve under a united government."
Bashagha is considered one of the few Libyan politicians who has good relations with the most important foreign actors in the conflict in the country.
He told AFP that Libya would also need help from the United Nations and the European Union on illegal immigration.
The country has become a major conduit for migrants taking already unseaworthy boats in search of a better life in Europe. Those stranded in Libya are often subjected to appalling abuses by militias.
Bashagha said. "Libya has a big problem with its southern borders that are out of state control, so the borders must be controlled using modern technologies - but we must also invest in certain categories of migrants, because Libya needs workers with professional skills and competencies,"
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