10/01/2024
When Jesus said, “You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth’" (Matthew 5:38), He wasn't challenging the law He, as the Son of God, had instituted and would fulfill. Rather, He was correcting its misapplication. "But I say to you, do not resist an evil person; but whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also."
The Jews had taken "eye for an eye" (lex talionis), which was intended as a judicial standard for magistrates to administer justice, and applied it to interpersonal conflict — justifying retaliation for personal insults. This law, meant to ensure proportionate justice, was being misused as an excuse for personal vengeance.
According to the law, the magistrate judges wrongs and issues punishment — not the individual. A slap across the cheek is an insult, not a crime, and even if it were, the victim cannot just slap back. Yet, the Jews were misusing the law to justify personal retaliation.
The first slap, with the back of the right hand, was an insult. By turning the other cheek, the victim was inviting a second slap, but this time with an open hand, as an equal.