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Irene Jackson, Вулиця Шота Руставелі, 16, Kyiv (2024)

15/05/2024

Ziel ist es, die ersten Proben von der Rückseite des Mondes zu sammeln und sie sicher zur Erde zu transportieren, um möglicherweise neue Erkenntnisse über unseren nächsten Nachbarn, unseren eigenen Planeten und die frühe Geschichte des Sonnensystems zu gewinnen. Dazu muss das Quartett einen komplizierten kosmischen Tanz aufführen.

Die Raumsonde Chang'e-6 verbrachte auf ihrer Reise zum Mond etwa 4,5 Tage. Im Orbit um den Mond angekommen, trennte sich ein Lander vom Orbiter und zielte auf einen Landeplatz im Apollo-Krater auf der anderen Seite des Satelliten, wo er voraussichtlich Anfang Juni landen wird. Da diese andere Seite des Mondes niemals der Erde zugewandt ist, werden der Betrieb und die Kommunikation mit der Erde durch Queqiao-2 erleichtert, einen Kommunikations-Relaissatelliten, der im März von China gestartet wurde.

06/05/2024

"Microwaving mobilises contaminants," says Rolf Halden, professor and director of the Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering at Arizona State University. "This process is used in laboratories to extract pollutants from samples, prior to chemical analysis."

And the potential risks don't necessarily increase with how often an individual microwaves food in plastic containers, Trasande argues – as the relationship is non-linear between the amount of chemical exposure and risk of hormone disruption.

30/04/2024

In a 2011 study, researchers purchased more than 400 plastic containers designed to contain food, and found that the majority leaked chemical that disrupt hormones.

Phthalates are one of the most commonly used plasticisers, added to make plastic more flexible and often found in takeaway containers, plastic wrap and water bottles. They have been found to disrupt hormones and our metabolic system. In children, phthalates can increase blood pressure and insulin resistance, which can increase the risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and hypertension. Exposure also has been linked to fertility issues, asthma and ADHD.

24/04/2024

That was the day the American Samoa goalkeeper was on the losing side during the heaviest loss in international football history.
Salapu told the Sporting Witness podcast that strangers still approach him to ask about the extraordinary contest.
The occasion was a World Cup qualifier with Australia. Fielding a hastily cobbled together team full of teenagers, American Samoa went on to ship 31 goals without reply.
Salapu, now 43, says he had to hide tears from his team-mates in the 31-0 defeat.
"I was trying to keep all that emotion in to wait until the game is over," he says.
There were plenty of mitigating factors in such a heavy loss. For a start, American Samoa's population at the time was only 58,000, compared to Australia's 19 million. The minnows had been admitted entry to Fifa only three years earlier.
On top of that, before qualifiers for the 2002 World Cup, Fifa stipulated that only players with an American passport would be allowed to represent the Pacific Island nation. Out of a squad of 20 players, Salapu was the only one who was eligible.

03/04/2024

Lead researcher Xianli Wu, a scientist at the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center at the US Department of Agriculture, says there isn't one agreed mechanism to explain why microwaving could increase flavonoid content. It could be that microwaving makes flavonoids easier to measure – perhaps by softening the plant tissue, making them easier to extract – rather than increasing their amount

But there's no straightforward answer as to whether microwaving vegetables will retain more nutrients that any other method. That's because each food is different in terms of the texture and nutrients they contain, according to Wu.

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22/03/2024

There's nothing risky about microwave radiation – but there are health concerns about heating up plastic. Here's what the latest research says about how to safely microwave your food.

Despite being a kitchen workhorse for decades, few household items have been more divisive than the microwave. It's hailed as a lifesaver for those who can't, or won't, cook, and portrayed by some chefs as singlehandedly dragging the art of cooking into the gutter.

But another debate lies beyond the culinary disputes – when is microwave cooking bad for you?

12/03/2024

amadan (or Ramzan), the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, is a month of piety. Beginning and ending with the appearance of the crescent moon, it's a period of reflection and introspection, communal prayer, self-analysis and self-restraint. Sawm (to refrain), one of the five basic tenets of Islam, means refraining from food, drink, sexual activity, unkind thoughts and immoral behaviour.

The fasting, which begins at sunrise each day, is broken after sunset prayers with iftar, a meal shared with friends and family, in homes and mosques. Chefs and homemakers prepare a variety of dishes during Ramadan, but one dish reigns supreme across the Indian sub-continent: biryani.

29/02/2024

"I'm 49 years old, we've never seen anything like this before," Oliveira says. "I've never even heard of a drought as bad as this."

After three hours of trudging up the drying stream, we give up and turn back.

"If it dries out any more than that, my family will be isolated there," Oliveira says.

To get in or out they'll have to walk across a lakebed on the other side of the village. But that's dangerous - there are snakes and alligators there.

The rainy season in the Amazon should have started in October but it was still dry and hot until late November. This is an effect of the cyclical El Niño weather pattern, amplified by climate change.

El Niño causes water to warm in the Pacific Ocean, which pushes heated air over the Americas. This year the water in the North Atlantic has also been abnormally warm, and hot, dry air has enveloped the Amazon.

16/02/2024

The Amazon rainforest experienced its worst drought on record in 2023. Many villages became unreachable by river, wildfires raged and wildlife died. Some scientists worry events like these are a sign that the world's biggest forest is fast approaching a point of no return.

As the cracked and baking river bank towers up on either side of us, Oliveira Tikuna is starting to have doubts about this journey. He's trying to get to his village, in a metal canoe built to navigate the smallest creeks of the Amazon.

Bom Jesus de Igapo Grande is a community of 40 families in the middle of the forest and has been badly affected by the worst drought recorded in the region.

There was no water to shower. Bananas, cassava, chestnuts and acai crops spoiled because they can't get to the city fast enough.

30/01/2024

"When it was my first drought I thought, 'Wow, this is awful. How can this happen to the rainforest?'" says Flávia Costa, a plant ecologist at the National Institute for Amazonian Research, who has been living and working in the rainforest for 26 years.

"And then, year after year, it was record-breaking. Each drought was stronger than before."

She says it's too soon to assess how much damage this year's drought has done, but her team has found many plants "showing signs of being dead".

Past dry seasons give an indication of the harm that could be done. By some estimates the 2015 "Godzilla drought" killed 2.5bn trees and plants in just one small part of the forest - and it was less severe than this latest drought.

"On average, the Amazon stopped functioning as a carbon sink," Dr Costa says. "And we mostly expect the same now, which is sad."

As well as being home to a stunning array of biodiversity, the Amazon is estimated to store around 150bn tonnes of carbon.

Many scientists fear the forest is racing towards a theoretical tipping point - a point where it dries, breaks apart and becomes a savannah.

As it stands, the Amazon creates a weather system of its own. In the vast rainforest, water evaporates from the trees to form rain clouds which travel over the tree canopy, recycling this moisture five or six times. This keeps the forest cool and hydrated, feeding it the water it needs to sustain life.

But if swathes of the forest die, that mechanism could be broken. And once this happens there may be no going back.

Brazilian climatologist Carlos Nobre first put forward this theory in 2018. The paper he co-authored says that if the Amazon is deforested by 25% and the global temperature hits between 2C and 2.5C above pre-industrial levels, the tipping point will be hit.

27/12/2023

"I'm 49 years old, we've never seen anything like this before," Oliveira says. "I've never even heard of a drought as bad as this."

After three hours of trudging up the drying stream, we give up and turn back.

"If it dries out any more than that, my family will be isolated there," Oliveira says.

To get in or out they'll have to walk across a lakebed on the other side of the village. But that's dangerous - there are snakes and alligators there.

The rainy season in the Amazon should have started in October but it was still dry and hot until late November. This is an effect of the cyclical El Niño weather pattern, amplified by climate change.

El Niño causes water to warm in the Pacific Ocean, which pushes heated air over the Americas. This year the water in the North Atlantic has also been abnormally warm, and hot, dry air has enveloped the Amazon.

26/12/2023

The Amazon rainforest experienced its worst drought on record in 2023. Many villages became unreachable by river, wildfires raged and wildlife died. Some scientists worry events like these are a sign that the world's biggest forest is fast approaching a point of no return.

As the cracked and baking river bank towers up on either side of us, Oliveira Tikuna is starting to have doubts about this journey. He's trying to get to his village, in a metal canoe built to navigate the smallest creeks of the Amazon.

Bom Jesus de Igapo Grande is a community of 40 families in the middle of the forest and has been badly affected by the worst drought recorded in the region.

There was no water to shower. Bananas, cassava, chestnuts and acai crops spoiled because they can't get to the city fast enough.

And the head of the village, Oliveira's father, warned anyone elderly or unwell to move closer to town, because they are dangerously far from a hospital.

Oliveira wanted to show us what was happening. He warned it would be a long trip.

But as we turn from the broad Solimões river into the creek that winds towards his village, even he is taken aback. In parts it's reduced to a trickle no more than 1m (3.3ft) wide. Before long, the boat is lodged in the river bed. It's time to get out and pull.

14/12/2023

Europe's next-generation heavy-lift rocket, Ariane-6, looks set to make its maiden flight in mid-2024.

The target launch date was announced by Josef Aschbacher, the director general of the European Space Agency (Esa).

It follows successful tests on an engineering model of the 62m-tall (203 ft) vehicle on a new pad at the Kourou spaceport in French Guiana.

Ariane-6 development has cost in the region of €4bn (£3.5bn) and is four years behind schedule.

Its delay has added to a profound crisis in Europe, severely limiting the continent's ability to get satellites into orbit.

Europe essentially has no launch service currently, after retiring the previous-generation rocket, Ariane-5, in July; and being forced to suspend operations of its medium-lift vehicle, Vega-C, following a series of flight failures.

Ariane-6's debut cannot come soon enough.

"Assuming everything goes nominal, without any major hiccup, we expect that Ariane-6 will have its inaugural flight between 15 June and 31 July next year," Dr Aschbacher told reporters.

"I think it's really fundamental that we regain our foothold on the launcher landscape, and now with a good path to the inaugural flight we are a good way there."
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