BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience

26/12/2025

26/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Performance Assessment of Neural Networks in Medical Treatment Cost Estimation” 🤖📊💡, authored by Kristijan Cincar, Andrea Amalia Minda, and Marius Susa, representing leading academic institutions in Romania 🇷🇴🎓.

This study explores the application of artificial intelligence and neural network models in the complex task of estimating medical treatment costs 🏥💰. Using simulated healthcare data, the authors compare the performance of three advanced approaches — Feedforward Neural Networks, LSTM networks, and 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) — to identify the most accurate predictive model.

👉DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.S1/8

Through detailed performance analysis using standard metrics such as MAE, MSE, and RMSE, the research demonstrates that the 1D CNN model delivers superior accuracy and reliability 📈✅. The inclusion of visual analytics further enhances the understanding of model behavior and variable interactions.

This work highlights the strong potential of AI-driven solutions in supporting medical decision-making, cost estimation, and resource optimization, especially in environments where real-world clinical data may be limited or sensitive 🧠💻.

Overall, the study offers a valuable contribution to the growing field of healthcare analytics, showcasing how advanced machine learning techniques can improve efficiency, transparency, and strategic planning in modern medical systems 🚀🩺.

25/12/2025

📢 Coming Soon in BRAIN – March 2026 Issue!

We are pleased to announce that the next issue of BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience will feature a thought-provoking study titled:

🧠 “Causality in the Brain and AI During Information Processing: Subjective Value of Information Cooperates with Physical Processes”

🔍 About the study
This interdisciplinary research explores how information is processed in the human brain and in artificial intelligence systems, emphasizing the causal role of subjective value in both domains. The authors argue that mental phenomena play a fundamental role in organizing and directing information processing in the brain, and that even in AI systems—despite their purely physical nature—the driving force behind information processing remains human subjective values.

The paper discusses the Bottom-Up and Top-Down mechanisms of information integration, highlights the inseparability of physical and mental processes, and proposes that a true theory of brain information activity cannot exist without acknowledging the functional role of consciousness and subjectivity. The study also offers a deep reflection on how human intentionality and value systems continue to guide and shape modern AI technologies.

📘 Stay tuned for this insightful contribution that bridges neuroscience, psychology, and artificial intelligence—only in the March 2026 issue of BRAIN!

25/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Mathematical Creativity: A Peircean Abductive Proposal”, authored by Paniel Reyes Cárdenas (University of Sheffield, UK) and Jorge Alejandro Flórez (Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.1/26

This thought-provoking paper explores mathematical creativity through the philosophical framework of Charles Sanders Peirce’s concept of abduction, understood as the logical process through which new ideas and hypotheses emerge. The authors argue that mathematical discovery is not merely deductive or inductive, but fundamentally abductive, driven by the need to explain surprising or anomalous observations.

Drawing on examples from the history of mathematics—such as Wiles’ proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem and Perelman’s resolution of the Poincaré Conjecture—the article illustrates how creative reasoning operates through diagrammatic thinking, experimentation, and conceptual exploration. This approach highlights the active, inventive nature of mathematical practice, where intuition and structured imagination play a central role.

By connecting Peirce’s philosophy with contemporary reflections on mathematical practice, the authors offer a compelling perspective on creativity in mathematics and align their analysis with broader calls for a synthetic and practice-oriented philosophy of mathematics, as advocated by thinkers such as Fernando Zalamea.

This contribution provides valuable insights for philosophers of science, mathematicians, and educators interested in understanding how mathematical knowledge is genuinely created, not merely formalized.

25/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Sexual Desire Disorder and Major Affective Distress: Implications and Therapeutic Interventions”, authored by Dan Octavian Rusu (Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca) and Cristian Delcea (Sexology Institute of Romania).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.2/19

This paper offers an in-depth and clinically relevant exploration of the complex relationship between sexual desire disorder (SDD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), two conditions that frequently coexist and significantly impact emotional well-being, intimate relationships, and overall quality of life. Drawing on a comprehensive review of current scientific literature, the authors examine the psychological, relational, and biological mechanisms that link these conditions.

The study emphasizes the importance of a biopsychosocial perspective, highlighting how emotional vulnerability, family history, relational stressors, and individual coping mechanisms interact in the development and persistence of sexual and affective disorders. Special attention is given to the role of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and couples therapy, which emerge as effective interventions for improving communication, reducing distress, and restoring relational balance.

By integrating evidence from clinical studies and therapeutic practice, this work underscores the value of personalised and interdisciplinary approaches in mental health care. It also reinforces the importance of early identification, prevention of relapse, and coordinated therapeutic strategies for individuals affected by sexual desire disorders and associated mood disturbances.

Overall, this article provides a thoughtful and clinically grounded contribution to the understanding and treatment of complex affective and relational conditions, offering valuable insights for mental health professionals and researchers alike.

25/12/2025

We are pleased to highlight the article “Assessment of Suicidal Risk through Clinical Scales: A Comparative Analysis of Measurement Tools and Their Effectiveness in Psychiatric Practice”, authored by Horia George Coman, Romulus Dan Nicoară, Ana-Maria Nicoară, and Codruța Alina Popescu from the Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca.

This paper provides a clear and well-structured overview of the most widely used clinical instruments for su***de risk assessment, including the BSS, C-SSRS, SBQ-R, and SS scales. The authors examine their psychometric properties, clinical applicability, and relevance for different patient groups, emphasizing the importance of accurate and timely risk evaluation in psychiatric practice.

By comparing these tools, the study highlights how structured assessment can improve early identification of suicidal behavior and support more informed clinical decision-making. The authors also underline the need for continuous refinement of assessment methods in response to evolving clinical and societal challenges.

Overall, this contribution offers valuable guidance for clinicians and mental health professionals seeking reliable approaches to su***de risk evaluation and reinforces the essential role of standardized assessment tools in prevention strategies.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/15.4/10

25/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Linear Programming Tool for the Optimization of Mixed Biomass Fuel Recipes”, authored by Dorin Alexandru Ionica, Ștefan Alfred Mariș, Raluca Dicu, and Simina Mariș, representing the Politehnica University of Timișoara and the Ioan Slavici University of Timișoara.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/v10.i3/14

This study addresses an important challenge in the field of renewable energy, focusing on the efficient use of biomass-based fuels such as pellets and briquettes. The authors propose a linear programming–based optimization tool designed to identify optimal biomass mixtures that maximize calorific value while complying with technical and environmental constraints, including ash content and pollutant emissions.

By developing a structured database of locally available biomass resources and modelling fuel properties using validated mathematical approaches, the study offers a practical and scientifically grounded method for improving biofuel quality and performance. The proposed tool supports informed decision-making in the production of solid biofuels and contributes to the broader goal of sustainable energy development.

From the editorial perspective, this work represents a valuable contribution to applied energy research, combining engineering optimization, environmental responsibility, and practical applicability in the context of renewable energy systems.

25/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Analysis of High School Students’ Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence and Optimisation Directions” 🤖📘, authored by Simona Maria Glăveanu and Roxana Maier, from the Ecological University of Bucharest and the Romanian Academy 🇷🇴.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.4/3

This study addresses a timely and increasingly relevant topic: how high school students perceive artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of rapid digital transformation and national educational strategies. Anchored in the objectives of Romania’s National Strategy in the Field of Artificial Intelligence (2024–2027), the research responds to the growing need to understand young people’s attitudes toward AI as a foundation for responsible and effective educational integration.

Using the ATTARI-12 scale, the authors investigated the attitudes of 214 high school students from Bucharest, examining cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of AI perception in relation to variables such as age, gender, and educational profile. The results reveal statistically significant differences across these dimensions, showing that male students and those enrolled in technological tracks display more open attitudes toward AI, while students from humanities-oriented profiles tend to express more cautious or skeptical views. Interestingly, age was not found to be a significant differentiating factor.

The findings highlight that approximately 42% of students demonstrate a positive and open attitude toward artificial intelligence, suggesting both opportunities and challenges for educational policy and curriculum design. Although exploratory in nature and limited by sample size, the study offers valuable insights into how students perceive AI and identifies key directions for optimizing digital education strategies, promoting informed engagement, and preventing polarisation or misconceptions regarding emerging technologies.

From our perspective as editors, this article represents a timely and policy-relevant contribution to the dialogue on AI literacy and digital education. It provides an important empirical foundation for shaping future educational interventions and supports the development of a balanced, ethical, and informed approach to artificial intelligence in schools.

25/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “Neural and Motor Differences in Acceleration and Running Speed of Children Aged 6 to 11 Years in the North-Eastern Part of Romania” 🏃‍♂️🧠📘, authored by Petrut Florin Trofin, Maria Andreea Coteață, Cezar Honceriu, Alin Stelian Ciobica, Ioannis Mavroudis, and Rareș Alexandru Puni, representing academic institutions from Romania and the United Kingdom.

This study provides a valuable contribution to the understanding of motor development and neuromuscular performance in childhood, focusing on how age and gender influence acceleration and running speed in children aged 6 to 11 years. Using a large sample of 3,460 primary school pupils, the authors conducted a systematic analysis of sprint performance over distances of 5, 10, and 15 meters, employing standardized electronic timing systems to ensure measurement accuracy.

The findings confirm that both age and gender significantly influence motor performance, with boys generally demonstrating higher acceleration and speed values, and clear developmental progress observed with increasing age. Notably, the study identifies specific developmental plateaus—such as between ages 7–8 and 10–11—that provide important insights into neuromotor maturation patterns during childhood.

From our perspective as editors, this research represents a robust and data-rich contribution to the fields of motor development, pediatric kinesiology, and physical education. Its large sample size, clear methodology, and practical relevance make it particularly valuable for educators, coaches, and health professionals seeking evidence-based benchmarks for assessing physical development in children.

Overall, this study enhances our understanding of how biological maturation influences movement performance and offers a solid empirical foundation for future research and applied practice in child development and physical education.

24/12/2025

Communicating science doesn’t always have to mean long texts and complex explanations 📄➡️🖼️
Comic strips are an incredibly effective way to highlight the core ideas of a scientific article, presenting them clearly, concisely, and in a visually engaging way 🎨💡. By combining images and short captions, comics help readers quickly grasp the main message while making the content more accessible and enjoyable 😊.

That’s exactly why we developed BRAIN Comics Creator 🚀. Our application allows authors of already published scientific articles to create their own comic strips, summarizing key findings in a creative and reader-friendly format ✍️🧠. These comics can then be easily shared as images on social media, helping research reach wider and more diverse audiences 🌍📲.

📩 Authors who would like to gain access to the application are invited to contact us by email at [email protected]

With BRAIN Comics Creator, science becomes not only easier to understand—but also more appealing to share ✨📚➡️🖼️

24/12/2025

We are pleased to briefly highlight the article “Pilot Study on the Role of Computerised Cognitive Stimulation in Schizophrenia: Effects on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life” 🧠💻📘, authored by Andreea Cătălina Moroșan, George Cătălin Moroșan, Ana Maria Dumitrescu, Diana Maria Ichim, Lucia Corina Dima Cozma, and Roxana Chirița, all affiliated with Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy 🇷🇴🎓.

This pilot study addresses a critical challenge in schizophrenia care: persistent cognitive deficits that are insufficiently targeted by standard pharmacological treatments ⚠️🧩. The authors explore the potential benefits of computer-assisted cognitive stimulation therapy (CCST), using an individualized 6-week intervention based on RehaCom software.

Despite the small sample size, the findings indicate notable improvements in key cognitive domains—including alertness, attention, and working memory—as well as positive effects on psychiatric symptoms and quality of life 📈✨. These results suggest that computerised cognitive stimulation may represent a valuable complementary intervention in the multidisciplinary treatment of schizophrenia.

This concise and clinically relevant contribution supports the growing interest in digital and personalized therapeutic tools for severe mental disorders and encourages further research with larger samples and longer follow-up periods 🚀🧠.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.3/38

24/12/2025

We are pleased to present the article “A New Preliminary Model for Studying the Interconnection Between Nutrition and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: Design and Impact Assessment” 🧠🥗📘, authored by an interdisciplinary team of clinicians and researchers led by Lucia Blendea, alongside Ancuța Andreea Miler, Malina Visternicu, Ioan Gotca, Judit Csabai, Bogdan Novac, Otilia Novac, Anca Trifan, and Daniel Vasile Timofte, representing leading medical and academic institutions in Romania and Hungary 🇷🇴🇭🇺🎓🏥.

This study addresses a critical and timely topic in contemporary healthcare: the growing burden of mental, neurological, and substance use disorders worldwide 🌍⚠️. Recognizing that pharmacological treatments alone are often insufficient, the authors focus on nutrition as a key modifiable factor influencing both the severity and incidence of neuropsychiatric symptoms.

The article introduces a preliminary conceptual framework for systematically examining the relationship between diet and mental health, centered on the newly proposed Evaluating the Importance of Nutrition in Neuropsychiatric Manifestations (SENM) Scale 📊🧩. This instrument offers a structured approach to assessing how nutritional habits, deficiencies, and targeted supplementation relate to psychological well-being.

The empirical component of the study includes 264 participants, encompassing patients diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder, as well as mental health and nutrition specialists. The preliminary findings reveal significant correlations between nutritional deficiencies—notably B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids—and the worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms 🧪📉. Importantly, a large proportion of participants emphasized the need to integrate nutritional education and dietary strategies into standard neuropsychiatric treatment protocols.

From our perspective as editors, this article represents a promising and innovative contribution to the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry. By proposing a structured assessment model and offering early empirical support, the study opens meaningful pathways for holistic, lifestyle-informed approaches to mental health care 🌱🧠.

Overall, this work underscores the potential of nutrition as an effective adjunctive intervention in neuropsychiatric treatment, with clear practical implications and valuable directions for future research and clinical application 🚀📘.

Keywords: nutrition 🍎, neuropsychiatric symptoms 🧠, mental health 💚, dietary deficiencies 🧪, assessment scale 📊, integrative treatment 🌿

http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.4/27