Urine analysis is a diagnostic test that examines the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine to assess various aspects of health, including kidney function, hydration, and the presence of abnormalities or diseases.
Urine analysis involves several key components:
Physical Examination: This includes assessing color, clarity, and odor of the urine.
Chemical Examination: Tests for substances such as glucose, protein, ketones, bilirubin, and pH level.
Microscopic Examination: Involves looking at urine sediment under a microscope to identify cells, crystals, and other particles.
Specific Gravity: Measures the concentration of urine to evaluate kidney function and hydration.
pH Level: Indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the urine.
Glucose Test: Detects the presence of sugar, which may indicate diabetes or other metabolic conditions.
Protein Test: Checks for protein in the urine, which can be a sign of kidney problems.
Ketones Test: Identifies the presence of ketones, which may suggest uncontrolled diabetes or a low-carbohydrate diet.
Bilirubin Test: Detects bilirubin, a product of red blood cell breakdown, which can be a sign of liver or gallbladder issues.
Nitrites Test: Indicates the presence of bacteria in the urine, suggesting a urinary tract infection.
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Phlebotomy practice:)
Gotta put that work in. This is one of the many things i am working towards. #medical #medicalstudentt #phlebotomy #phlebotomist #cma #certifiedmedicalassistant
Blood group system
The ABO blood group system classifies human blood into four major groups based on the presence or absence of antigens called A and B on red blood cells. The four blood types are A, B, AB, and O. Additionally, individuals can be Rh-positive or Rh-negative, creating the eight main blood types. Blood type compatibility is crucial for blood transfusions and organ transplants.Blood grouping
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RBCs Morphology
Size
Shape
Retecs
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⚠️ Blood Group Test : Basic Protocol.
⭕ Experiment : Blood Group Testing.
We all should be aware of our blood groups. It plays a very important role when it comes to having a blood transfusion. Knowing our blood group helps us to select appropriate blood for transfusion either during any emergencies or accidents.
Here is a simple and easy experiment to find out our blood type sitting at home with the help of a Blood Group Test Kit.
A human blood cell includes red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. All these blood cells play a significant role in transportation, protection and regulation. Blood groups are mainly determined by the presence or absence of antigens and antibodies on the surface of our red blood cells or erythrocytes. The blood transfusion from the wrong blood group can be life-threatening.
The four major blood groups are: A, B, AB and O. The blood grouping system was discovered in the year 1901 by Karl Landsteiner- an Austrian biologist and immunologist.
⭕ Aim of Experiment :
The main purpose of conducting this experiment is to understand the basic concept of the ABO blood group system and to know our blood group and type.
⭕ Materials Required :
Toothpicks
Blood sample
Alcohol Swabs
Lancet
Clean glass slide
Sterile cotton balls
Biohazard disposal container
Monoclonal Antibodies (Anti-A, B, and D)
All these equipment will be readily available in a blood test tool kit.
⭕ Procedure :
Take a clean glass slide and draw three circles on it.
Unpack the Monoclonal Antibodies (MAB) kit. In the first circle add Anti-A, to the second circle add Anti-B and to the third circle add Anti-D with the help of a dropper.
Keep the slide aside safely without disturbing.
Now wipe the ring finger with the alcohol swabs and rub gently near the fingertip, where the blood sample will be collected.
Prick the ring fingertip with the lancet and wipe off the first drop of the blood.
As blood starts oozing out, allow it to fall on the th
Microscopic examination of urine
Crystals identification 🔬🥼
Dumbbell shape crystal identify?🔬❤️.
Semen Abnormalities
Easy to understand ❤️🔬🥼❣️
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Urine Crystals identify 🔬???
Answer??
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Disease and Infected parts
Easy to Remember 👍
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Parasitology 🔬
Your Diagnosis???
Urine Crystals identify 🔬🥼??
Crystals in Blood Smear
Identify 🔬❤️.