30/11/2022
In memory of the Great Plebian G*t. Andres Bonifacio (Nov. 30, 1863- May 10, 1897). I'm reposting this post about the man many consider to be the first President of the Republic.
Who killed Andres Bonifacio? He was a patriot founder and leader of the Katipunan (K*K) society, who instigated the revolution of August 1896 against the Spanish. Born to poor parents and had little formal education, he was, however well read. Unlike our national hero Jose Rizal who wanted mere reform in the Spanish oppressive rule, Bonifacio advocated complete independence from Spain. By 1896, his Katipunan had an estimated 10,000 members who were mostly peasants and workers, while the middle and upper classes supported reform rather than revolution. In August of 1896, Bonifacio led the insurrection in Luzon, but his forces were defeated by the Spanish troops. Emilio Aguinaldo, one of his lieutenants carried on the resistance but the Spanish systematically routed the insurgents as well. Because of this setback, Bonifacio was allegedly an ineffective military leader, hence, in March of 1897, at the infamous Tejeros Convention Aguinaldo was named president rather than Bonifacio relegating the supremo as secretary of the interior but Mr. Tirona objected to his election and reasoned that Bonifacio is not qualified because he’s not a lawyer. Embarrassed, and deeply insulted.
The Supremo stood up, and said, We agreed to abide by the majority and accept its choice no matter what the stature of the person in life if elected. And because of this, I demand you, Mr. Tirona an apology and restore order and honor the one they elected that you have now besmirched.”
Then he pulled out his revolver and aimed. Mr. Tirona, because of fear slid and disappear among the crowds. Chaos ensued and the in charge of the convention Mr. Jacinto Lumbreras tried to disarm Bonifacio who was determined to shoot Tirona, the people began to disperse and the Supremo, began to cool down, adjourned the meeting with these words. (Sealing his faith).
“In my capacity as chairman of this convention and as president supremo of the most venerable Katipunan hereby declare null and void all matters approved in the meeting.”
Aggrieved by this personal humiliation and not accorded his basic right to be heard, and coupled with the fact that Aguinaldo was also unsuccessful in his battle against the Spanish troops, Bonifacio tried to establish his rebel government but was unsuccessful. In April 1897, Aguinaldo had Bonifacio arrested and tried for treason, he was eventually executed by a firing squad. The brothers of Andres, Ciriaco, and Procopio were killed in the mountain of Maragondon. His wife, Gregoria de Jesus was allegedly r***d by Bonzon, a henchman of Aguinaldo. On March 22, 1948, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo released a letter saying he was indeed the one who ordered the ex*****on of Bonifacio and his brother Procopio.
Another statement from Aguinaldo’s general, Lazaro Macapagal, an ancestor of Diosdado and Gloria, who led the ex*****on of Bonifacio’s brothers, confirms Aguinaldo’s admission. Unlike other heroes of the country, Bonifacio is remembered on his birthday, rather than the date of his death. Bonifacio is considered the father of the revolution after he spearheaded the establishment of the secret society called K*K to fight Spanish colonialism in 1892, twenty-four years after his death, the Philippine legislature enacted R.A. 2946, making November 30 a national holiday to commemorate the birth of Andres Bonifacio, for starting the Philippine revolution against Spain. He was also called, “The Father of the Filipino nation.” National hero, a great plebeian, and a self-taught orphan.
Remember that the past cannot remain buried forever. The next haunting question is… Who was the real Hero?