08/10/2025
🌊 Tides in Relation to the Moon
🌕 1. Gravitational Attraction
The Moon’s gravity pulls on the Earth — and especially on its oceans, since water moves easily.
This pull causes the water on the side of the Earth facing the Moon to be drawn slightly toward it, creating a bulge (a high tide).
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🌍 2. Inertia and the Second Bulge
On the opposite side of the Earth (away from the Moon), water forms another bulge.
This happens because the Earth itself is pulled slightly more toward the Moon than the water on the far side — so the water there is “left behind” due to inertia.
As a result, there are two high tides and two low tides on Earth each day.
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🕒 3. Earth’s Rotation
The Earth rotates once every 24 hours, so most coastal areas experience two high tides and two low tides about every 24 hours and 50 minutes (the extra 50 minutes comes from the Moon’s orbit around Earth).
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🌑 4. Spring Tides (Strongest Tides)
During the New Moon and Full Moon, the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in a straight line (called syzygy).
The gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun combine, producing higher high tides and lower low tides — called spring tides (not related to the season).
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🌓 5. Neap Tides (Weakest Tides)
During the First Quarter and Third Quarter phases, the Sun and Moon are at right angles relative to Earth.
Their gravitational pulls partially cancel out, causing lower high tides and higher low tides — these are neap tides.
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☀️ 6. The Sun’s Role
The Sun also affects tides, but its gravitational pull is less than half as strong as the Moon’s because it’s much farther away.
Still, when the Sun and Moon align, their combined effect strengthens the tides.
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🌎 👉👉👉👉Summary Table
Type of Tide Moon Phase Sun–Moon–Earth Alignment Tide Effect
Spring Tide New & Full Moon Straight line (syzygy) Strongest high & low tides
Neap Tide First & Third Quarter 90° angle Weakest high & low tides