10/01/2023
๐ช๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐ต๐ฎ๐๐ฒ ๐บ๐ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐ฝ๐ฎ๐๐บ๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ ๐ด๐ผ๐ป๐ฒ?
The other day, I drank coffee brewed with local beans at a cafรฉ in Jinja, Uganda. It was the first time I had taken authentic coffee in Uganda, though I had stayed in Kampala for one and a half months a year back.
There was a reason why I took coffee this day. There were posters all over inside walls of the cafe which read the effect that your coffee purchase helps locals. [fig1] I had seen similar phrases several times in developed countries, but this time I felt a little bit different to before as I was supposed to stay with a local family.
๐จ๐ด๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ๐ฎ ๐ถ๐ ๐ผ๐ป๐ฒ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ฒ๐
Uganda, which is located in the tropical zone, is the country which the equator runs through. Though you might feel a bit surprised, it is a little chilly in the morning and at night. This is due to the elevation. The climate conditions of Uganda are suitable for coffee trees. [fig2] As a matter of fact, we can see coffee trees grow naturally anywhere here in Jinja, but I didnโt know locals hardly take coffee.
๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฒ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฎ๐น ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ (๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐)
What surprised me more was the purchase price for coffee berries. The purchase price means the price at which brokers buy coffee berries from farmers. It was about 500 Ugandan shillings per kilogram. If you convert Ugandan shillings into us dollars in accordance with dollar-Ugandan shilling exchange rate of January 7th, it is about ๐ฌ.๐ญ๐ฏ๐ฑ ๐๐ ๐ฑ๐ผ๐น๐น๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ธ๐ถ๐น๐ผ๐ด๐ฟ๐ฎ๐บ.
According to MEITTA(*1), a fully-grown coffee plant of 2-3 meters bears around 5-8 kilograms of coffee berries per year. The number of coffee trees each farmer owns is largely several dozens. There are several chances a year to pick coffee berries. How red the berries are let us know the time to pick them. [fig3] The reddish coffee berries are carried by brokers to a local factory that dries or roasts them.
(*1)Source: https://www.melitta.co.uk/coffee-enjoyment/from-bean-to-cup/cultivation-and-harvesting/
๐๐ผ๐ป๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ๐ฒ๐ณ๐ณ๐ถ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ป๐ฐ๐ ๐ณ๐ฟ๐ผ๐บ ๐๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ ๐๐ผ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ป๐
Producing ๐ญ ๐ธ๐ถ๐น๐ผ๐ด๐ฟ๐ฎ๐บ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ป๐ roughly requires ๐ฐ.๐ฑ ๐ธ๐ถ๐น๐ผ๐ด๐ฟ๐ฎ๐บ๐ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ which is the median between the lower limit that is the ratio of 5-kilogram coffee berries to produced 1-kilogram coffee beans and the upper limit that is the ratio of 8-kilogram coffee berries to produced 2-kilogram coffee beans. (*1)
๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฒ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ป๐
Coffee arabica price was at ๐ฐ.๐ฒ๐ฏ ๐จ๐ฆ๐/๐ธ๐ด as of the end of Dec 2022(*2).
By the way, coffee beans are roughly categorized into two coffee beans: arabica and robusta. In Uganda, the two types are produced. [fig4] (*3) Arabicaโs price was more than twice as expensive as that of robusta as of 2022.
(*2)Source: https://ycharts.com/indicators/world_coffee_arabica_price
(*3)Source: https://seasia.co/2018/01/27/the-coffee-belt-a-world-map-of-the-major-coffee-producers
๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ฎ๐ถ๐น ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฒ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ
I would take 240-ml coffee in Japan. So let me make sure of the cost breakdown of the coffee based on the retail price.
Currently, the size of coffee is being sold at 350 yen. This price corresponds to about USD 2.65. In general, 240-ml coffee involves 20-gram coffee beans and its price is ๐จ๐ฆ๐ ๐ฌ.๐ฌ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฒ ( = 4.63 USD/kg ร 20g/1000g) , while 20-gram coffee beans involve 90-gram coffee berries and their price is ๐จ๐ฆ๐ ๐ฌ.๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ฑ(= 0.135 USD/kg ร 90g/1000g). ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐๐ฎ๐น๐๐ฒ ๐ฟ๐ผ๐๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ด-๐ณ๐ผ๐น๐ฑ over the process of removing pulps, drying berries, milling, roasting, and grinding beans, and brewing. [fig5]
๐ช๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐ถ๐ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ต๐ถ๐ป๐ฑ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ ๐บ๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ธ๐ฒ๐
โWe are considering installing a machine to extract cosmetic oil from coffee berries,โ a farmer said. The oil seems to be sold at a higher price than coffee berries. I strongly feel we have been making the coffee market expand by the name of ๐ต๐ฒ๐ฎ๐น๐๐ต๐ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐น๐ผ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฑ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐๐ป๐๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ and ๐ต๐๐บ๐ฎ๐ป๐ถ๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฎ๐ป ๐ฎ๐ถ๐ฑ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐น๐ผ๐ฝ๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ฐ๐ผ๐๐ป๐๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐. More than ten years ago, I many times saw advertisements that said coffee worked for health such as cancer, posters, and flyers that emphasized the fact that their coffee was made of beans from countries in Africa. The larger the market size became, the more often I came to drink coffee.
On the other hand, I have been having fewer opportunities to see the two causes since I made a coffee habit. Actually, I couldnโt know the producing areas of most of the coffee that I drank.
๐ฅ๐ฒ๐๐๐ฟ๐ป ๐๐ผ ๐บ๐ ๐๐ต๐ผ๐๐ด๐ต๐ ๐๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐ ๐ฝ๐๐ ๐ผ๐ป ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ
I canโt help but think where my coffee payments have gone. Have my thoughts that I put on cups of coffee traveled to the right destination? If not, who have my thoughts that I put on cups of coffee traveled to? [fig6]
Now I am feeling like oolong tea.