13/12/2021
A recent paper by Usha Ram, Manas Pradhan, Sunita Patel, and Faujdar Ram revealed that only 37% of women in India practice hygienic menstruation (NFHS 2015-16). Caste and class are major obstacles to equal access to safe periods. ⬇️ Thread on their findings
The urban-rural divide was stark. Disaggregated by caste, this gap grew wider. 62.8% of women from general castes in urban areas reported using disposable methods during their periods. This number dropped to 19.3% for women from scheduled tribes in rural areas.
Regional variation was prominent. 24.1% of women in North-Eastern and 19.2% in Central regions reported using disposable methods compared to 63.4% in Southern and 45.2% in Northern regions.
Difference in levels of hygienic methods between poorest to richest household wealth quintile = 6 times as high for women from general castes (12% vs 71%) and from scheduled tribes (9% vs 58%), but 7< times for scheduled castes (10% vs 69%) and other backward classes (8% vs 66%).
Education was a strong factor in improving women’s access to safe menstruation. Only 12.2% of women with 5 or less years of schooling reported using disposable methods. With more than 12 years of education, this number jumped to over 60%.
Despite this, caste location proved to be critical. Women from general castes with 12< years of education had significantly better chances of safely menstruating (67.4%) than women from scheduled tribes with 12< years of education (52.9%).
Across the board, women were more likely to experience hygienic periods if they lived in their natal as opposed to marital homes. Could this point towards a social roadblock women face after marriage in terms of figuring out the logistics of using disposable methods?
‘Taboo’ should not be the only analytical tool used to talk about menstruation in India. A serious lack of publicly available information on and material access to disposable methods adversely affects those experiencing periods, especially from marginalized castes and tribes.
Read the entire piece: https://syaahi.in/menstruation