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INVICTUS_Unearth the Truth The purpose behind launching INVICTUS is to make people legally and socially aware about the problem

Medha PatkarMedha Patkar, born on 1st December, 1954, is an Indian social activist working on various crucial political ...
27/01/2021

Medha Patkar

Medha Patkar, born on 1st December, 1954, is an Indian social activist working on various crucial political and economic issues raised by tribals,dalits ,farmers, labourers and women facing injustice in India. She is an alumnus of TISS, a premier institute of Social Science research in India.
Patkar is the founder member of the 32 years old people's movement called Narmada Bachao Andolan(NBA) in three states: Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra and Gujrat . NBA has been engaged in a struggle for justice for the people affected by the dam projects related to the Sardar Sarovar dam project, especially those whose homes will be submerged , but have not yet been rehabilitated. She is also one of the founders of the National Alliance of People's Movements(NAPM), an alliance of hundreds of progressive people's organisations. In addition to the above, Patkar was a commissioner on the World Commissionon Dams, which did a thorough research on the environmental, social, political and economic aspects and impacts of the development of large dams globally and their alternatives. She was the national co-ordinator and then convenor of National Alliance of People's Movements for many years and now continues to be an advisor to NAPM. Under the banner of NAPM she has participated in and supported various mass struggles across India against inequity, non-sustainability, displacement and injustice in the name of development. Her work challenges Casteism, Communalism and all forms of discrimination. She has been a part of numerous teams and panels that work on initiating and formulating various national policies and enactments including those related to land acquisition, unorganized sector workers, hawkers, slum-dwellers and forest-dweller adivasis. NAPM filed a number of public interest litigations including those against Adarsh society, Lavas, a Megacity, Hiranandani (Powai) as well as other builders and projects. Narmada Bachao Andolan and Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan, founded by Medha Patkar with others are allies of NAPM.

Early and personal life-

Medha Patkar was born as Medha Khanolkar on 1st December, 1954 in Mumbai, Maharashtra. She is the daughter of Vasant Khanolkar, a freedom fighter and labour union leader and his wife Indumati Khanolkar, a gazetted officer in the Post and Telegraphs department. She has one brother, Mahesh Khanolkar, an architect. Medha Khanolkar earned an MA in Social Work fromTata Institute of Social Sciences.

Career as activist-

Medha Patkar worked with voluntary organisations in Mumbai's slums for 5 years and tribal districts of North-East districts of Gujarat for 3 years.She worked as a member of faculty at Tata Institute of Social Sciences but left her position to
take up the field work. She was a PhD scholar at TISS, studying Economics development and its impact on traditional societies. After working upto M.Phil level she left her unfinished PhD when she became immersed in her work with the tribal and Peasant communities in theNarmada valley spread over three states.

Narmada Bachao Andolan-

Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social movement protesting against the dam on river Narmada which began in 1985 consisting of adivasis,farmers,fish workers, labourers and others in the Narmada valley along with the intellectuals
including environmentalists, human rights activists, Scientists, academicians, artists who stand for just and sustainable development. Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat is one of the biggest dams on Narmada where the non-violent people's struggle has questioned social and environmental costs, undemocratic planning and unjust distribution of benefits. The struggle is still on in the Sardar Sarovar affected areas and also other large and medium dams on Narmada and its tributaries. It has led to thousands of project affected families receiving land based rehabilitation and continues to fight against submergence and displacement without rehabilitation of more than 40,000 families residing in these submergence area of Sardar Sarovar till date. Many of its claims and critique on economic, social and environmental aspects of Sardar Sarovar and Narmada valley development project stand vindicated today. Patkar has also questioned the wisdom of the currently popular developmental strategy of linking rivers in India as a means to address issues of water shortage. NBA has been running JEEVAN SHALAS- schools of life, since 1992 with about 5,000 students having passed out and many graduated. Tens of them are under training in athletics and some have won many awards. NBA also successfully established and managed two micro hydral projects which got submerged due to Sardar Sarovar dam. It has been working in many sectors over last 30years including health, employment guarantee, Right to Food and PDS, rehabilitation and environment protection.

Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan-

It is a struggle for housing rights in Mumbai, started in 2005 and continues to fight for rights of slum-dwellers and those cheated by the builders in various rehabilitation and re-development projects. It all began when the government of Maharashtra demolished 75,000 houses of the poor in 2005, against its own promises before election. Strong people's movement was founded by Medha Patkar and others when she gave the slogan in a large public meeting at Azaad Maidaan, Mumbai. It was through mass action that the communities were re-built on the same sites and continue to assert and attain their right to shelter, water, electricity, sanitation and livelihood. As members of working class GBGBA respects the slum-dwellers for contribution to the life of the city and involves them inequitable and inclusive planning for urban development.

National Alliance of People's Movements

The National Alliance of People's- Movements(NAPM) is an alliance of people's movements in India, with the stated aim of working on a range of issues related to socio-economic justice, political justice and equity. Medha Patkar founded the National Alliance of People's Movements with the objective of "facilitating unity and providing strength to peoples' movements in India,fighting against oppression, further questioning the current development model so as to work towards a just alternative". She is the national convener of the NAPM.

Tata Nano Plant Singur-

Tata Motors started constructing a factory to manufacture their $2,500 car, the Tata Nano at Singur. She protested against the setting up of the plant at Singur, West Bengal. Patkar's convoy was assaulted, allegedly by CPI(M) activists , at Kapaseberia in East Midnapore district while on her way to strife for Nandigram. At the height of the agitation, Ratan Tata had made remarks questioning the source of funds of the agitators. In October 2008 Tata announced that the factory would not be completed and that the production of the Nano will be setup in Sanand, Gujarat.

Nandigram land grab resistance (2007)-

She participated in and initiated various supportive actions including a fast during Diwali in Kolkata, mass-mobilisation, complaints at various national forum and building support of intellectuals and various citizens across the country. The battle was ultimately won in favour of the local people who had to lay their lives in large numbers during state violence.

Lavasa-

Lavasa is a project by Hindustan Construction Corporation, in Maharashtra. It is a yet-to be completed city. Lavasa Project is criticised by P. Sainath for unjust use of water in a worst hit farmer su***de state. Medha Patkar with villagers of Lavasa protested for the environmental damage. She also filed a PIL in Supreme Court against the Lavasa project.

Golibar Demolition-

A demolition took place on 2 and 3 April 2013 in the Golibar area, Mumbai, Maharashtra evicting 43 houses and displacing more than 200 people. the whole project is to displace thousands of families and 50–100 years old communities that are demanding in-situ and participatory housing rights. Medha Patkar with more than 500 slum dwellers set on in definite fast to protest against any further demolition until the inquiry into the
matteris completed. Patkar has alleged corruption and "atrocities" by builders in the city's slum rehabilitation scheme,and called for the halting of six projects by the Slum Rehabilitation Authority, until a proper inquiry is conducted. The inquiry was conducted giving partial solutions hence communities continue with their struggle.

Save Sugar-Cooperatives Mission-

To save Sugar-Cooperative sector in Maharashtra from falling into the hands of politicians including ten of ministers in the Maharashtra cabinet till 2014, Medha Patkar organised protests. She explained that the politicians are interested in the prime plots of land, old equipment and machinery, of sugar co-operatives and accused the state government of selling assets of industry at throw away rates. A case against Girna Sugar factory at Malegaon, Nasik, Maharashtra and members of Chhagan Bhujbal Family pending before the Supreme court of India and the unused land of the factory is re- occupied and cultivated by the local farmers who were the donors of the cooperative that was privatized by the former minister purchasing it at throw away price.

Hiranandani land scam-

Medha Patkar along with other activists registered in PIL in the High Court of Mumbai, alleging violations by property tycoon Niranjan Hiranandani in building luxury flats instead of affordable houses. Hiranandani had signed a lease for the 230 acres of land in 1986 at rate of Re 1 per hectare in a tripartite agreement with the State and Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority. Responding to PIL Maharashtra High Court judges says that" we appreciate the elegance of the construction and the intent on creating an architecture marvel for the city of Mumbai, we see the specific intent of wholly ignoring the most vital, and perhaps the only, condition intripartite agreement to create affordable houses of 40 and 80 sq. m".If calculated according to the current market price, the quantum of the scam will be around Rs.450 billion. The judgement of 2012 directed Hirandani to build 3,144 houses for the low income groups before any other construction at Hirandani gardens which is yet to happen.
The case is at the stage of final hearing at HC of Mumbai.

Kovvada Nuclear project-

Patkar expressed a strong opposition to the land acquisition in Kovvada of Ranasthalam mandal in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh saying that the nuclear plant would be a disaster for ecology as well as people of region.

-Namrata Boruah

Hello everyone. Today we are having the debate competition at 6:00 pm. Interested people can become the part of the hous...
24/01/2021

Hello everyone.
Today we are having the debate competition at 6:00 pm. Interested people can become the part of the house. We will be having our Q and A session too. 😇

https://meet.google.com/tqd-ciuj-esr

All Assam Law Students Association have organised an online debate competition. Interested candidates can register in th...
19/01/2021

All Assam Law Students Association have organised an online debate competition. Interested candidates can register in the link given below.
https://forms.gle/4QiUE7Sz1mmkeMEh6

Dying Declaration : A Statutory Evidence Someone has rightly said " A person dying doesn't lie".Dying declaration  also ...
23/12/2020

Dying Declaration : A Statutory Evidence

Someone has rightly said " A person dying doesn't lie".Dying declaration also has a meaning . Indian Evidence Act , 1872 formed the base of the dying declaration.In normal language ,a man making a statement ( whether written or oral ) before his or her death disclosing the death of the person is the "DYING DECLARATION ".
Generally, whenever a crime is conducted there are two parties , one who voraciously know how the crime happened i.e Accused and the other to whom the crime has been committed i.e Victim. In order to make one's story true the parties give statements to the judge , but Judge can't rely upon on their stories because they may it use for their own benefits according the witness play the crucial role in the case. But in some case the statement made by the person is regarded as true ,despite of the fact that he maybe using it for his or her own benefits and hardly any doubt behind the reasons for that statement .
The condition is "DYING DECLARATION ".
If the person who is conscious of "COMPOS MENTIS" and knows that death is about to happen can make a declaration and that statement can be used as Evidence in Court.
Regarding the type of Dying Declaration there is no particular form employed in making so .It can be oral ,written ,thumb impression ,gesture and signs , can be incomplete and can also be in the form of question and answer .In India, there is no pre-set form or format of recording dying declaration , but the Indian judiciary has suggested an apt method of recording a dying declaration is in the form of a questionaire .
Regarding the history of Dying Declaration it can be traced to medieval English courts , where the principal originated of "Nemo Moriturus praesumitur mentri "- no one on the point of death should be presumed to be lying . An incident in which a dying declaration was admitted as evidence has been found in around 1202 cases.
The same was observed by Privy Cou in the leading case of "Pakala Narayan Swami vs Emperor", where the deceased husband intimating his wife about the news of the recovery debt owed 3000 /- by the accused amounts to circumstances of transaction amounting his death , even though he wasn't necessarily in the apprehensions of death .
The dying declaration is against the general rule of "hearsay evidence " or " no evidence " which simply says that any evidence which is heard from the third party can't be an evidence in the court.The reason behind considering dying declaration as legally relevant is that the person is the only eye-witness of the crime committed .
The general rule propounded by Hon'ble Supreme Court in "Mukesh vs State for NCT Delhi" is that dying declaration can't be sole basis of conviction ,unless it is corroborated , as a rule of prudence . It must also be ensured that any statements made as a dying declaration must be voluntary and not on the results of tutoring ,prompt or imagination and the person making became an important source of evidence specially for R**e victims. At present, India has become the hotspot of R**e culture and Dying Declaration plays a important and valuable evidence for r**e victims. In the recent, Hatharas R**e incident in Uttar Pradesh the victim made a Dying Declaration ,asserting the importance of the victim's dying declaration , the advisory cited :Section 32 (1) of Indian Evidence Act 1872 which provides for Dying declaration . It referred to Supreme Court on 7 january 2020 which directed that a particular statement , when being offered as dying declaration and satisfies all the requirements of judiciary scrutiny cannot be discarded merely on the ground that it was recorded my the magistrate or the police officer didn't obtain attestation by any person present at the time of making the statement .
The ministery said there should be compulsory registration of FIR and also cites Section "164-A of CrPC" which provide that in r**e/ sexual assault investigation , the victim should be examined by a resgistred medical practitioner under consent within 24 hours from the time of receiving the information .
Dying Declaration is a significant plea of evidence . If maybe the last and the most pertinent available evidence concerning the commission of a crime .The next intriguing question that springs up in one’s mind, ‘what happens if the making of a dying declaration, who is supposed to be “deceased” in further trial proceeding, is not deceased?’. That is to say that he or she survives by medical treatment or good grace of the god. Well then, it is a sheer application of common sense for law enthusiasts to decipher.

-Teja Kalita

We have successfully conducted our webinar on 13th December.On behalf of AALSA and INVICTUS I would like to thank Sri Ka...
16/12/2020

We have successfully conducted our webinar on 13th December.

On behalf of AALSA and INVICTUS I would like to thank Sri Kaustav Choudhury for taking out time from his busy schedule and enriching us with his knowledge.

I would also like to thank Members of our organising team whose passion and sincerity lead to the successful conduction of the Webinar.

We hope that we will be able to collaborate with Kaustav again in the future..

- Rishiraj Dutta
Vice President, AALSA.?
Editor-in-Chief, INVICTUS.

Register now
09/12/2020

Register now

LAW MAKERS CAN’T BE LAW BREAKERSOur country, India, is the largest democracy in the world. Based on parliamentary princi...
06/10/2020

LAW MAKERS CAN’T BE LAW BREAKERS

Our country, India, is the largest democracy in the world. Based on parliamentary principles, the representatives of the people hold their chairs in the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha after being elected by people of the state. They play a decisive role in making any law in the country. But very recently an event in Rajya Sabha had shocked the people of the country to see their representatives lose all their control and and creating a chaos in Rajya Sabha.

The members of the opposition benches began to make chaos in the house when Deputy Chairman Harivansh Singh said the opposition resolution to send the bill to a Select Committee was negated and took up the bill for passage by voice vote. The opposition members lost all their control and rushed to the well of the house demanding a physical vote and when their demand was refused they tried to tear up the rulebook and break the Deputy Speaker's microphone. They threw their microphones and a tensed situation prevailed in the house. 8 members were suspended from the house for misbehaviour.
The controversial farmer bills were continuously being opposed by the farmers throughout the country as well as the opposition. These two bills were - The Farmer's Produce Trade and Commerce Bill and the Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill.

The government, on one hand, had been talking about the bill as a 'watershed movement' while the opposition termed the bill as 'anti farmer' and 'death warrant'.

The government has also been alleged of hurriedly passing the bill violating all norms and procedures including the denial to the members of Parliament the right to vote on a bill, or an amendment. The rules governing the Parliament says that even if a single MP wants to vote, he or she has the right to vote. But when the MPs in Rajya Sabha were denied the right, it ultimately led to a dramatic scene in the Rajya Sabha.

However, the actions of the members of Rajya Sabha who created such disturbance cannot be justified and their action was derogatory to the dignity of the Parliament. May it be the ruling party or the opposition, one thing should always be kept in mind - the people have trusted them and so entrusted them with power. Nothing should be done that hurts democracy in which the Indian people have firm belief in. What will happen to the laws of our country if the law-makes become the law breakers?

- Sadhana Mandal.

JUSTICE FOR MANISHA VALMIKI ~ She might have been someone who didn't have a bright future like most of us. But she had a...
01/10/2020

JUSTICE FOR MANISHA VALMIKI ~

She might have been someone who didn't have a bright future like most of us. But she had a life. She must have had some dreams. Some goals to achieve and what not. But all of that was taken away on 14th of September when she was brutally R***D while cutting grass in a field along with her mother.

She died day before yesterday. Her tongue was slit. She was R***D, she was choked with her dupatta but she fought till 29th of September. She DIED DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY in a Hospital in DELHI.

The fact that she survived after facing such a brutal R**E shows that she was a fighter. Well, she died but the misery of her family continues to grow everyday. In the second slide, it's her body begin burned. Her mother begged the police to let them take the body home but they burnt it instead. Just for once see how cruel authorities are and we count on them to change things.

We have stopped counting on anyone but youth of this country. We hold the real power. We have the power to make the change. We need to get United and stand against atrocities like this.

“A GIRL DIED AFTER GETTING BRUTALLY R***D" while I'm here alive and well, writing about her, She's not here with us anymore and I have no one to blame but my own community because truth be told if it wasn't for some me , WOMEN WILL BE SAFE AND HAPPY IN THEIR HOUSE."

Btw congratulations, now the victim blaming have started. Family is already being harassed. Different sets of stories are being run in order to create confusion and deviate the outrage.

I won't be surprised if human rights people start questioning the victim and fight for the rights for the rapists.It won’t be surprising if this case too goes for 7 years. It won’t be surprising if nothing is done.

That's what happens here, after all.

We are SORRY MANISHA, we couldn't honour you when you were alive and we aren't honouring you when you're dead.

REST IN PEACE, BEAUTIFUL. You're now in a better place ♥️

-Irine Rahman.

THE MAN THAT DARED TO BRING A CHANGE.Arunachalam Muruganantham or "Menstrual Man" was born in 1961 in a family of handlo...
28/09/2020

THE MAN THAT DARED TO BRING A CHANGE.

Arunachalam Muruganantham or "Menstrual Man" was born in 1961 in a family of handloom weavers in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. While growing up he was abound with poverty and after the demise of his father he had to drop out of his school at the age of fourteen years due to financial constraints. He worked in various jobs as a welder, farm labourer, yam seller to meet both ends of his family.
But, it was in the year 1998 when he married Shanthi , little did he know that the course of his life was about to change .
One day he saw his wife hiding some dirty nasty cloths of rag pieces. Upon being questioned, his wife revealed that those were the pieces of cloths she used during her menstruation. When he asked her why she did not opt for sanitary pads, she told that it would be difficult to run the household expenses if she did. And it was then when his obsession towards sanitary pads kick-started. He went to a shop and purchased a packet of sanitary pads and brought home and dissected it and studied the anatomy behind it's formation. He started making pads with local cotton and gave his wife to try it during her menstruation but alas every time it proved to be ineffective to help her on her periods.
Thereafter, he used different materials and came up with new models for sanitary pads every month. Since there was a month gap between each prototype tested by his wife, he had no other choice except to ask for a few volunteers from a nearby medical college. Though a few female students agreed to try them, they were shy to give him the right feedback. So, Muruganantham decided to test them himself. Upon doing so he was ruthlessly ridiculed by the society. He was tagged as a " man eating vampire " , ' a pervert' , ' sexual predator' and what not. He was even outcasted from his village.
When everything and everyone left him, he then had only one mission and that was to produce low cost sanitary pads for the women .
At the advent of his journey, he didn’t have enough funds to setup a plant, so, he researched some more and developed tools and machinery all by himself at a minimal cost to help him build a good sanitary napkin.
He worked and researched, and it took him 18 months to build 250 machines that can make successful low-cost sanitary pads.
The mission was not just to increase the use of sanitary pads, but also to create jobs for rural women - women like his wife.
A. Muruganantham now owns an organisation by the name Jayshree Industries . Being the inventor of a low-cost sanitary pad-making machine he is also credited for innovating grassroots mechanisms for generating awareness about traditional unhygienic practices around menstruation in rural India. His mini-machines, which can manufacture
sanitary pads for less than a third of the cost of commercial pads, have been installed in 23 of the 29 states of India. He is currently planning to expand the production of these machines to 106 nations.
Muruganantham has become well known as a social
entrepreneur. He has given lectures at many institutions including IIT Bombay,
IIT Madras, IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore,Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Goa Campus and Harvard University. He has also given a TED talk.
His story was the subject of a prize-winning documentary by Amit Virmani, Menstrual Man, and the film Phullu (2017) directed by Abhishek Saxena. Director R. Balki cast Indian actor Akshay Kumar as Laxmikant Chauhan in a film based on Muruganantham's life, titled Pad Man.

He has been bestowed with the very prestigious Padma Shri by President Ram Nath Kovind.
Thus, Menstrual hygiene is such a topic where we find the least engagement. Still in today's world there are ample of taboos and stigmas associated with the word ' menstruation'. Girls shy away to talk about it but the question is why should they? Because , it is as important as any other issue that needs one to be very vocal about. And , India today is really grateful to have Arunchalam Muruganantham being the torchbearer of this very issue and empowering millions of girls in and around the world by creating awareness and carving a road to self dependent women. Because, if he dared not to be the "Madman" would we call him the "Padman" today?

-Marlina Gogoi (Research Team)

It's Just A Bra Strap!!! Have you ever heard auntie of a colony talking about the visible Bra Strap of their neighbour's...
26/09/2020

It's Just A Bra Strap!!!

Have you ever heard auntie of a colony talking about the visible Bra Strap of their neighbour's daughter???
It goes like this:
"Sharma ji ki beti ko dekha hai?? Kaise ghum rahi hai? Pura bra strap dikh raha hai. Ye aajkal ke bache bhi na sharm naam ki koi cheej hi nahi hai.
"Arey wo chhodo, Malhotra ki beti Ka dress dekha? Puri backless. Peeche se Puri Peeth dikh rahi. Isse acha to bina Kuch pehne aa jaati."

At times I feel like going to these aunties and saying " Aunty jee, it's just a bra strap" but then I know they will gang up on me plus they are so good at gossiping, you'll never find out when they start and when they finish.
What's weird is how they judge the character of a girl based on a visible piece of cloth. Now I'm not gonna say "Her bra is costly so she's showing it" but isn't she just being in her comfort zone? Wearing clothes the way she wants to, the way she feels good and comfortable in them and if that's enough for others to judge her character, we know their mentality is doomed.

Oh btw ain't gonna forgot about the creepy uncle staring at a girl's bra strap on bus stand. We all have encountered that one uncle, haven't we?

Even after all this the logical explanation of how it's all about a girl's comfort zone to wear her clothes the way she wants, there are some people in the comment section saying "Toh hum bhi chadhi dikha ke chale." Well brothers, some boys do that intentionally or unintentionally and at times their underwear is visible. The only difference is that no one gossips about them due to that and say "Randa hai saala".
I hope you all know what I mean.

Jokes apart, it's 21st century and I guess it's about time we start respecting people for things they do for themselves without effecting each other.
I mean if her bra strap hits on your culture ego, it's not her fault. You just need to not look at it. That's how easy it is
It's a stunt you can try without the help from any professional.
You see a girl's bra strap is visible, turn your head and walk away because for god's sake,

It's Just A Bra Strap!!

- Irine Rahman (District Correspondent)

These days we use our personal information everywhere. And to secure them we use a combination of alphabets, numbers or ...
25/09/2020

These days we use our personal information everywhere. And to secure them we use a combination of alphabets, numbers or signs known in common term as “password”. As most of us have multiple accounts it leads to multiple passwords. Limitation of human brain leads us to choose a simple or common password as after a certain point of time it is impossible to remember complex password. A recent UNHP research stated that” Human memory is limited and therefore users cannot remember secure passwords as a result of which they tend to pick passwords that are too short or easy to remember.”

Having so many passwords makes it literally impossible to keep trace of all of them. We don’t update them frequently and even when we do, it’s very hard to find a good one which can be remembered easily and hence we just avoid changing our passwords for months, even years. So what do we do? We keep our passwords simple so that we can remember them and therein lies the main problem.

To have you a greater understanding of the topic let me give you an illustration:

In today’s digital world anywhere and everywhere, wherever you need to do something say, you need to apply for a job, or for admission to a college, the first thing that it asks for after your name is your email id. Now if we use an easy password say our name or birth year it is very easy for a hacker to crack open our email. Now in most of the cases our email id is linked to our bank accounts, our social media accounts like Facebook, Instagram etc, so if someone hacks into our email account it will be easy for them to do severe irregularities with it. So in short we can say that our Financial and Social Identity will be in danger.

In the month of May, 2020 Cyber criminals have posted personal data of 2.9 crore job-seeking Indians on dark web for free in one of the hacking forums. The breach includes sensitive information such as email, phone, home address, qualification, work experience etc.

Recently, it was revealed that personal details of Facebook users and Unacademy subscribers were also hacked. Cybercriminals are always on the lookout for such personal information to conduct various nefarious activities such as identity thefts, scams, and corporate espionage.

So, how can we save ourselves? The answer is simple. Have a strong password. Be careful. Follow the following two simple suggestions for a safe and secure password and social identity:

1. Use high quality passwords: Weak passwords are one of the most critical security threats to systems, users and networks. In the current context, passwords are the primary method for authentication, despite the availability of better solutions. Thus, protection of passwords and ensuring strong passwords against simple attacks is of the utmost importance.

What will be considered as a strong password?

Use string of ten or more characters with combination of lower case, upper case, numeric and special characters.



2. Change passwords frequently: We should change password frequently. Generally change your password once every two or three months and in case of high critical systems change your passwords every 30 days.

Passwords are critical when it comes to preventing the unauthorized access of one's computer and mobile devices. In today's world, hackers and other cyber-criminals are continuously finding new ways to gain access to these devices in order to steal or exploit the information within. Careless use of passwords, however, can be as bad as leaving one's computing devices unprotected. For this reason, people should create and protect their passwords with care.

RISHIRAJ DUTTA
Editor-in-Chief

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